photocatalyticreactionkineticsmodelbasedonelectricaldoublelayertheorysurfacecomplexationmodelofmethylorangeadsorptionontio2surface

Based on the infrared characterization of methyl orange adsorption on TiO2 surface and the titration of TiO2,the rtiple layer model of methyl orange adsorption on TiO2 was established according to electric double theo-ry.The software FITEQL3.1 was applied to calculate the distribution of organic adsorption on TiO2 surface by in-troducing dummy components to help to overcome mathematical difficulties.It is shown that the chem.-adsorption species of methyl orange have a great adsorption amount.The adsorption constants of three kinds of surface compl-exation expressed as SOH^+ org^-,SOH2org2 and SOHorg^- are 5.98,17.57 and -4.2,respectively

Pollen assemblages and anthropogenic influences in the central and western regions of Yunnan Province

The goal of this study was to provide information on the representation of pollen taxa and the human impact on vegetation by exploring the relationship between modern pollen and vegetation in the central and western regions of Yunnan Province of China. A total of 120 modern pollen samples were collected throughout the study area. The surface pollen assemblage was divided into eight pollen zones (Zones I-VIII) based on vegetation types. We analyzed the palynology and determined the hemeroby levels of each zone in the area. Our results showed that human activity is one of the most important factors that can result in the damage of natural vegetation and increase anthropochory and secondary plants. The hemeroby levels of the surface pollen samples were mainly euhemerobic except for Zones I, II, and VI, which indicates a strong and continuous anthropogenic influence in the central and western regions of Yunnan Province in recent decades. The lowest hemeroby values were observed in Zone I samples, which were collected from Mengla and Jinghong. These areas are in the Xishuangbanna region, which is the most biodiverse region in China and has been well preserved since 1959. Therefore, the extent of human influence of a region can be estimated from the degree of hemeroby established from pollen data, which can be used in the future for nature conservation. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Photocatalytic reaction kinetics model based on electrical double layer theory

In the process of heterogeneous photo-catalytic degradation, the reaction rate depends strongly on the property of organic binding on the surface. It is important to identify the adsorption of organic compounds on TiO_2 surface to understand the mechanism of degradation and proper kinetics expression. The infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the methyl orange adsorption on TiO_2 surface in aqueous solutions in different pH ranges. The variation of the surface complexation of methyl orange formed on the TiO_2 surface in different acid and basic media was discussed. And the adsorption amounts were also qualitatively analyzed. Methyl orange has strong, weak and little adsorption on the TiO_2 surface in acid, basic and near neutral solution, respectively

Optimization of distribution network reconfiguration based on Markov chain Monte Carlo method

Peak load shaving and load balancing are of great significance to reduce distribution network loss and improve resource utilization. Given this background, an optimization strategy for distribution network reconfiguration based on Markov chain Monte Carlo method is proposed. In this strategy, a load characteristic curve clustering method considering DBI index is proposed to obtain the typical load curves of each public transformer and special transformer user under low voltage distribution line based on the historical load curves. Then, an optimization model for distribution network reconfiguration based on Markov chain Monte Carlo method is proposed to minimize the average peak–valley difference of the distribution line, and the line connection modification scheme is obtained. Finally, case studies on two 10 kV distribution lines in Zhejiang province are performed for verifying the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that the proposed method can improve the line load rate and realize the peak load shaving and valley load filling of line load, which provides a reference for distribution network reconfiguration