Dephasing effect promotes the appearance of quantized Hall plateaus

The quantum Hall effect (QHE) is a topologically protected phenomenon which has been observed in various systems. In experiments, the size of Hall bar device to realize the QHE is generally much larger than the phase coherence length, in which the quantum coherence of electrons is destroyed. Here, we theoretically study the influence of dephasing effect on the quantized Hall (QH) plateaus. We find that the QH plateau disappears in perfectly quantum coherent systems if the coupling between leads and central region is imperfect. The Hall resistance is very large and strongly oscillates instead of presenting the QH plateau in this case. However, by introducing the dephasing, the Hall resistance decreases and the QH plateau appears gradually. Similar results can also be observed for the quantum anomalous Hall effect. Our results propose that dephasing effect promotes the appearance of QH plateaus, which opens a new topic of the dephasing effect on topological systems.Comment: 23 pages, 11 figure

Tetra­imidazole­bis(trichloro­acetato)copper(II)

The title compound, [Cu(C2Cl3O2)2(C3H4N2)4], was prepared by the reaction of imidazole and trichloro­acetatocopper(II). The CuII atom adopts a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry, binding the N atoms of four imidazole ligands and the carboxyl­ate O atoms of two trichloro­acetate anions. The mol­ecular structure and packing are stabilized by N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions. Close inter­molecular Cl⋯Cl contacts [3.498 (3) Å] are also found in the structure

Mdivi-1, a mitochondrial fission inhibitor, modulates T helper cells and suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

BACKGROUND: Unrestrained activation of Th1 and Th17 cells is associated with the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). While inactivation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a GTPase that regulates mitochondrial fission, can reduce EAE severity by protecting myelin from demyelination, its effect on immune responses in EAE has not yet been studied. METHODS: We investigated the effect of Mdivi-1, a small molecule inhibitor of Drp1, on EAE. Clinical scores, inflammation, demyelination and Drp1 activation in the central nervous system (CNS), and T cell responses in both CNS and periphery were determined. RESULTS: Mdivi-1 effectively suppressed EAE severity by reducing demyelination and cellular infiltration in the CNS. Mdivi-1 treatment decreased the phosphorylation of Drp1 (ser616) on CD4+ T cells, reduced the numbers of Th1 and Th17 cells, and increased Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the CNS. Moreover, Mdivi-1 treatment effectively inhibited IFN-γ+, IL-17+, and GM-CSF+ CD4+ T cells, while it induced CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in splenocytes by flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS: Together, our results demonstrate that Mdivi-1 has therapeutic potential in EAE by modulating the balance between Th1/Th17 and regulatory T cells

CO (J = 1–0) Observations toward Filamentary Molecular Clouds in the Galactic Region with l = [169.°75, 174.°75], b = [−0.°75, 0.°5]

We present observations of the CO isotopologues (12CO, 13CO, and C18O) toward the Galactic region with 169fdg75 ≤ l ≤ 174fdg75 and −0fdg75 ≤ b ≤ 0fdg5 using the Purple Mountain Observatory 13.7 m millimeter-wavelength telescope. Based on the 13CO (J = 1 − 0) data, we find five molecular clouds within the velocity range between −25 and 8 km s−1 that are all characterized by conspicuous filamentary structures. We have identified eight filaments with a length of 6.38–28.45 pc, a mean H2 column density of 0.70 × 1021–6.53 × 1021 cm−2, and a line mass of 20.24–161.91 M ☉ pc−1, assuming a distance of ~1.7 kpc. Gaussian fittings to the inner parts of the radial density profiles lead to a mean FWHM width of 1.13 ± 0.01 pc. The velocity structures of most filaments present continuous distributions with slight velocity gradients. We find that turbulence is the dominant internal pressure to support the fragmentation of filaments instead of thermal pressure. Most filaments have virial parameters smaller than 2; thus, they are gravitationally bound. Four filaments have an LTE line mass close to the virial line mass. We further extract dense clumps using the 13CO data and find that 64% of the clumps are associated with the filaments. According to the complementary IR data, most filaments have associated Class II young stellar objects. Class I objects are mainly found to be located in the filaments with a virial parameter close to 1. Within two virialized filaments, 12CO outflows have been detected, indicating ongoing star-forming activity therein.National Key Research & Development of China [2017YFA0402702]; European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [639459]; NSFC [11473069, 11503086, 11629302]This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]