Primary stromal tumor of the omentum: Report of a case

We report the case of a primary extragastrointestinal stromal tumor (EGIST) found in the omentum of a 65-year-old woman. The resected specimen, which measured 6 cm at its largest point, consisted of an outer solid part and inner uniloculated cysts. Microscopically, the tumor was characterized by interlacing bundles of elongated spindle cells, with the nuclei showing a focal palisading pattern; however, skenoid fibers were not observed anywhere and mitoses were absent. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was negative for smooth-muscle actin, desmin, and S-100 protein, but it was positive for CD117 and CD34. The microscopic features were consistent with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor. © 2006 Springer-Verlag

Elastofibroma: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of seven cases and literature review

Elastofibroma is a rare fibrous lesion characterized by accumulated abnormal elastic fibers whose etiology remains largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed seven cases of elastofibroma to further explore the characteristics of its cellular composition. Immunohistochemistry was performed for mast cell tryptase, S-100 protein, vimentin, CD34, smooth muscle actin, desmin and collagen type IV. Histochemical staining methods for Gomori's trichrome and Verhoeff elastica-van Gieson were also evaluated. Histopathologically, a haphazard array of collagen, eosinophilic amorphous fibers, and globules in a fibrous tissue was seen. The elastic nature of the fibers was confirmed by elastic stain, and with Gomori's trichrome collagen fibers were also demonstrated. The interspersed spindle or stellate cells were almost consistently positive for vimentin and frequently positive for CD34. Mast cell tryptase-positive cells were present in five of the cases. Collagen type IV immunoreactivity was seen in two cases. No staining was observed with smooth muscle actin, desmin or S-100 protein. Our findings suggest that CD34-positive mesenchymal cells are an integral component of elastofibroma. © 2007 The Authors

Light microscopic observation on phagocytosis of Candida spp. blastospores by Trichomonas vaginalis in a patient with anal canal carcinoma

[No abstract available

T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma of stomach

T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma is an unusually encountered lymphoid neoplasm of stomach with aggressive course, and is an uncommon morphologic variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. An ulceratedmass, 7x5x1 cm in size was observed within the gastrectomy specimen of a 76-year-old female patient. In cross sections, besides mature lymphoid cells displaying T-cell phenotype, a neoplastic formation composed of large, pleomorphic atypical lymphoid cells with, prominent nucleoli, vesicular nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm displaying B-cell phenotype were observed. Meanwhile, histiocyte-like mononuclear cells and Reed-Sternberg-like multinuclear cells expressing CD68 and Mac387 were also observed. The diagnosis of the case was T cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma. This rarely encountered neoplasm should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of primary gastric lymphomas. © 2016, Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved

Examination of lung toxicity, oxidant/antioxidant status and effect of erdosteine in rats kept in coal mine ambience

Occupational exposure to coal dust causes pneumoconiosis and other diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of coal dust-induced lung toxicity. In this experimental study, we investigated the oxidant/antioxidant status, nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyproline (HP) levels in lungs and blood of rats exposed to coal dust in mine ambience. In addition, we also investigated the attenuating effects of erdosteine. At the end of the experiment processes, tissue levels of HP, malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, xanthine oxidase (XO), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-?) were evaluated in the lung tissues, plasma samples or erythrocytes of rats. Exposure to coal dust resulted in a significant increase in the oxidant parameters (MDA, NO levels, and XO activity) and HP levels, as compared to the controls. A decrease in activities of antioxidant enzymes, and an increase in MPO activity were found in the study group, compared to the controls. Increased NO levels of lung were found in the study groups, that were significantly reduced by erdosteine. Our studies provide evidence that supports the hypothesis for ROS mediated coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Erdosteine may be beneficial in the coal dust-induced lung toxicity via antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Fundamental Research Fund of Shandong UniversityThis study was supported by a grant (2002/019) of the Zonguldak Karaelmas University Research Fund

Salivary gland myoepithelioma with focal capsular invasion

Salivary gland tumors that display myoepithelial differentiation exclusively or predominantly are relatively uncommon, and the assessment of malignancy in a myoepithelial tumor can be difficult. We report a case of parotid gland myoepithelioma composed predominantly of spindle cells with focal capsular invasion. The patient was a 65-year-old woman who presented with a painless mass in the right preauricular region. Histologically, the tumor had a solid and multinodular growth pattern and was predominantly made up of spindle cells with a minor component of epithelioid cells with moderate cellular atypia. Focal regions of tumor cells infiltrated the capsule with tongue-like processes, but tumor infiltration into the adjacent parotid tissue was absent. The tumor cells showed strong cytoplasmic immunoexpression of vimentin, pankeratin, S-100 protein, and smooth-muscle actin. Immunostains with glial fibrillary acidic protein, melanoma marker, epithelial membrane antigen, and carcinoembryonic antigen were negative. Expression of p53 was observed focally in the nuclei of the tumor cells. A final diagnosis of salivary gland myoepithelioma with focal capsular invasion was made, and the case was regarded as a myoepithelial tumor of uncertain malignant potential. In this report, we discuss the histologic criteria required to diagnose malignancy in salivary gland myoepithelial tumors

Lymphatic differentiation in classic Kaposi's sarcoma: Patterns of D2-40 immunoexpression in the course of tumor progression

The recent development of lymphatic endotheliumspecific immuno-indicators has given rise to research on the histogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), specifically focusing on its lymphatic root and differentiation. D2-40 is a new lymphatic marker that recognizes podoplanin and is easily applied to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human tissues. This study examined D2-40 immunoexpression in 178 classical KS lesions using immunohistochemical methods. D2-40 immunoexpression was also examined in 63 non-KS soft tissue lesions to test the reliability of D2-40 monoclonal antibody in the pathological diagnosis of KS. D2-40 immunoreactivity was detected at all of the KS lesions and in lymphangioma and nonneoplastic lymphatic endothelium. There was no significant relationship between the extent of D2-40 staining and histopathological stage;however, there was a positive correlation between the staining intensity and histopathological stage in KS cases. D2-40 immunoreactivity was detected at all histopathological stages of KS and may be added to the routine immunohistochemical panel used for the differential diagnosis of KS. Widespread D2-40 protein expression is evidence of a lymphatic origin or the differentiation of neoplastic cells in KS, and D2-40 expression increases with tumor progression. © Arányi Lajos Foundation 2011

Mammae erraticae: A case report and reappraisal of the related theories

Extra nipples and breast tissue outside the orthotopic location of the mammary glands are called polythelia and polymastia, respectively. Although the theory of mammary ridge remnants can explain extra breast tissue along the milk line, other locations such as the dorsum of the body still need further discussion. This report describes a 28-year-old Caucasian woman with a perfectly formed breast together with a meningocele in the lumbar region. Kyphoscoliosis and growth retardation were accompanying pathologies. As far as the authors can discern, this is the first case in the literature showing a wellformed breast and dysraphism occurring together. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2012

Intraoperative and histochemical comparison of the skeletonized and pedicled internal thoracic artery

Background. Skeletonization of the internal thoracic artery (ITA) has advantages, but the variation of ITA preparation may be traumatic for the arterial wall. We sought to compare intraoperative results and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e-NOS) expression on the vessel wall after left ITA harvesting with skeletonization and the conventional technique. Methods. A prospective evaluation of 84 consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting was performed: 40 patients with skeletonized and 44 patients with pedicled left ITA. The lengths of ITA and free ITA blood flow were measured. Distal ITA segments were analyzed histopathologically and stained by antibodies against e-NOS. Results. In the skeletonized group, the length of the ITA were significantly longer than in the pedicled group (15.7 ± 0.4 cm versus 19.0 ± 0.6 cm; P = .001). Also, the free-flow capacity of the ITA was significantly higher than in the pedicled group (62.4 ± 4.8 mL/min versus 88.6 ± 6.9 mL/min; P = .001). e-NOS expressions on endothelial cells were similar between the groups. Dense e-NOS immunostaining was observed in vaso vasorum of the adventitia in the pedicled group. However, there was not any e-NOS immunostaining in vaso vasorum of the adventitia in the skeletonized group. Conclusions. Although skeletonization of the ITA is a more technically demanding procedure, it provides some advantages such as increased available graft length and reduced sternal devascularization. This technique did not have any detrimental effects on the endothelial cell lining and e-NOS expressions on the endothelial layer. To reach a definitive judgment for using skeletonized ITA, we need information about the long-term angiographic patency rates. © 2007 Forum Multimedia Publishing, LLC

Effect of intraabdominal administration of Allium sativum (garlic) oil on postoperative peritoneal adhesion

Objective(s) Peritoneal adhesion is a serious problem that develops after most abdominopelvic surgeries. Allium sativum (garlic) has been used for centuries as both a nutrient and a traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, fibrinolytic, and wound-healing properties of garlic are well-recognized. We evaluated the effect of garlic on formation of postoperative adhesions in rats. Study design Thirty Wistar-Albino female rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into three groups (10 rats/group). Group 1 rats received 5 ml/kg garlic oil intraperitoneally and no surgery was performed. The ceca of Group 2 rats (controls) were scraped, to trigger adhesion formation, and no treatment was given. In Group 3 rats, 5 ml/kg garlic oil was added to the peritoneal cavity immediately after the cecum was scraped. All animals were sacrificed 10 d after surgery and adhesions graded in terms of severity and histopathologic characteristics. Results All animals tolerated the operations well. No adhesions were evident upon laparotomy of Group 1 animals. In Group 2 three rats had an adhesion grade 2 and seven rats had an adhesion of grade 3, whereas in Group 3 no adhesions were found in four rats, five rats had an adhesion grade of 1. Only one rat had a grade 2 adhesion. Macroscopic adhesions and mean adhesion scores of Group 3 were significantly lower than Group 2 (p < 0.001). Histopathologic evaluation of the specimens also revealed a statistically significant differences in inflammation, fibrosis, and neovascularization scores between Group 2 and 3 (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.011, respectively). Inflammation, fibrosis and vascularization scores in Group 3 were found significantly lower than Group 2. Conclusion The anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, fibrinolytic, antithrombotic, and wound-healing effects of garlic likely prevent formation of peritoneal adhesions in a rat model, and garlic may be effective and cheap when used to prevent such adhesions in humans. © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd