Increased life for open-hearth furnace roof lining

Reasons are studied for the short life of sprung-suspended roofs of open-hearth furnaces and refractory objects are developed with reduced thermal conductivity and a special hook. During refractory laying a shrinkage-free high-temperature laying mortar is used. OAO Nizhnyi Tagil' Metallurgical Combine organizes industrial output of the refractories developed. Industrial testing is carried out in open-hearth furnace arched roofs of OAO Nizhnyi Tagil' Metallurgical Combine (NTMK) and ZAO Nizhnyi Sergi Metalware and Metallurgical Plant (NMMZ). According to test results the increase in roof life is 20 - 30%, and the economic effect for two open-hearth furnaces is 4,656 million rubles per year. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

Efficient lining for steel-pouring ladles

An analysis was made of the reasons for the short service life of the lining of steel-pouring ladles and malfunctions of fountains used for bottom-pouring. A high-temperature adhesive was developed and the most chemically stable refractory materials were chosen for it. The operating regime of steel-pouring ladles in the open-hearth shop at the Revda Hardware-Metallurgical Plant (in Revda) was studied, and based on the study results the shop replaced its fireclay bricks with MKRAP refractories. The authors used those results to also develop a mortar that has increased the life of the lining 30-50%. Use of the highly stable high-temperature adhesive in fountains has reduced metal loss during bottom-pouring operations. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

Study of the temperature distribution in the linings of horizontal converters used in nonferrous metallurgy

A study is made of the temperature distribution in lined horizontal converters used to make nickel and copper. The temperature distribution is studied for different regimes of converter operation in order to investigate the thermal conductivity of refractory linings composed of different refractory products. Thermal conductivity is determined for linings in their initial state and after their impregnation with copper-nickel mattes. The study results can be used to estimate the temperature of a lining through its cross section and thus calculate the value of lining thickness at which different mortars used with the lining will begin to sinter. To prevent fracture of the lining by thermal stresses, it must be heated by burners to keep its temperature from descending below 700 - 800 °C (the beginning of solidification of the matte). Otherwise, 40 - 80 mm of the lining material will spall. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

Efficient carbon-containing linings for high-temperature equipment in nonferrous metallurgy

The influence of carbon materials on the physico-mechanical properties of refractories is studied, methods of impregnating refractories possessing a magnesian composition with carbon materials are developed, techniques of protecting carbon materials against oxidation are investigated, and zones of lining in which the use of carbon materials would be efficient are determined. Lining with the use of carbon materials are tested and introduced into plants in the nonferrous metallurgy industry. Atechnology for the fabrication of periclase-carbonaceous refractories and compound masonry and for impregnation of articles with pitch coke are developed from the results of the study. Carbon-containing refractories and coatings have undergone industrial testing at a number of enterprises and have been introduced in reverberatory, ore-smelting, and rotary kilns and in horizontal converters. The use of carbon-containing refractories and coatings in the lining of equipment in the nonferrous metallurgy industry will increase the operating period of the equipment by 30 to 200%. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

Background and prospects of schoolchildren's polylingual education in the context of new Federal State Educational Standards

© 2016 Gulyaeva.The rationale of the problem under study is conditioned by the fact that the compulsory study of a second foreign language at school is a new, but by all means positive phenomenon, as the introduction of a second foreign language in the secondary school curriculum has become a practical step on the way to polycultural education, to the formation of a polylingual personality. The introduction of the compulsory study of two foreign languages has aggravated such problems as the absence of the unifying concept of teaching a second foreign language, the absence of requirements for a second foreign language proficiency level in the State Educational Standard, the absence of various and effective teaching resources. This article is aimed at the analysis of the background and prospects of schoolchildren's polylingual education in the context of new Federal State Educational Standards (FSES). The leading approaches in the research of the problem under study are competence-based and contrastive ones as they let us fully consider the phenomenon of polylingualism which gives an opportunity to use several language systems in communication. The article reveals the background of polylingualism, defines the purposes, content and main principles of teaching several foreign languages, justifies the application of competence-based and contrastive approaches in teaching a second foreign language in the modern school, develops the model of the foreign language communicative competence formation for a second foreign language in the context of studying two foreign languages (English and German). The materials of the article can be useful for foreign language teachers in order to upgrade their skills and make the teaching-learning process a learner-centered one

Individual Choice of a Pension Fund in Russia: Are the Investment Results of the Fund Important?

The paper presents the econometric assessment of the influence on the market positions of the fund of nominal yield volume and the Sharpe ratio formed in the pension savings investment by non-state pension funds in the Russian Federation. Using pair and multiple regression models and also a fixed effects model, the authors did not find any statistically important correlation between the investment results and insured persons' choice of a pension fund. The results of the study point to weak stimuli for the participants of the pension sphere to improve the investment process quality and deformation of competition in the pension services market. Keywords: yield, Sharpe ratio, competition. JEL Classifications: D40, D12, G2

Career Self-Guidance as a Key Factor in the Development of High School Students’ Competitive Ability and Orientedness

Introduction. The article discusses the relationship between career self-guidance of high school students and their competitiveness. The authors highlight the indicators of career self-guidance and analyze their influence on the actualization of socially significant qualities, promoting the development of adolescent competitiveness. Influence of information technologies changes radically content and structure of professional activities. The ability to respond to the changes in the labor market and integrate into the relations while carrying out professional activity is essential for young people. The purpose of this article is to consider the specifics of career self-guidance of contemporary senior pupils and to analyze its influence on the competitive orientation of pupils. Materials and Methods. A questionnaire survey of high school students was selected for its reliability and validity in studying competitive skills. IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software was used to process and analyze the obtained data (N = 1 067 respondents). Results. The results reveal that the career self-guidance of high school students is a key factor in the process of formation of their competitive orientation. The main motives of future professional activity of senior students and the criteria of educational institution choice were defined. In addition, the key factors that influence the process of making decision of education continuing and their connection with competitive oriented pupils were considered. The indicators of career self-guidance process were revealed. Discussion and Conclusion. The research results may be useful for teachers and psychologists at high schools, for representatives who study competitive relations in educational sphere and for educators at vocational institutions and universities to develop career guidance strategies. These findings provide the following insights for future research: a comparative analysis of senior pupils’ career guidance measures` efficiency, conducted by different structures, the study of Internet technologies impact on career self-guidance and the study of atlases and new occupations list and their position in a future labor market

Structure of oxidative and sulphate-clorinating roasting products of nickel converter matte

The structure and phase composition of the nickel converter matte roasting products has been studied in the sulphate-chlorinating process stage. In stages of the converter matte oxidation in the "fluidized bed" and flash smelting remainder roasting together with silvinite the distribution of non-ferrous metals on the phase constituents has been estimated. In the article data from optical spectroscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction, microprobe and chemical analyze are used. As following from the composition of the phases formed during sulphate-chlorinating roasting and thermodynamic modeling data a number of reactions proceeding in the process is presented. © 2013 Allerton Press, Inc