Acute Cholecystitis and Acute Pancreatitis related to Hemobilia after Percutaneous Liver Biopsy

Percutaneous liver biopsy is a reliable method used for the diagnosis and follow-up of many liver diseases. Although it is safe, major complications, such as free intraperitoneal bleeding, hemothorax, pneumothorax, hemobilia, and Pseudoaneurysm, have rarely been reported to be related to the procedure. The reported rate of hemobilia after performing percutaneous liver biopsy is approximately 0.06%. This event usually results from a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm and can potentially cause fatal bleeding. In addition, acute cholecystitis and pancreatitis are rare complications of hemobilia. To the best of our knowledge, we report the third case of a patient who developed hemobilia, acute cholecystitis, and acute pancreatitis from a pseudoaneurysm after performing percutaneous liver biopsy. The bleeding was successfully controlled by angiographic embolization with glue and lipidiol

Determining of Gastroparesis Disease from Electrogastrogram Signals Using Cramer-Rao Lower Bound and Power Spectral Density

Gastroparesis is a chronic disease of stomach mobility, defined as delay in the emptying of food from the stomach without mechanical obstruction. Various methods are used for the diagnosis of gastroparesis and scintigraphy method is accepted as the gold standard. In this study, Electrogastrogram (EGG) signals were obtained from gastroparesis patients and healthy volunteers using cutaneous electrodes. Unlike the methods used in the frequency analysis of EGG signals in the literature, parametric methods have been used in this study and the selection of the method to be used has not been determined intuitively, it has been determined by mathematical calculations. Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) method has been used to determine which method should be used for obtaining Power Spectral Density (PSD). Using selected parameter estimation method, PSD functions were obtained. Several features were extracted from the PSD functions and they were utilized to differentiate patient and healthy groups. As a result, features that can classify EGG signals from gastroparesis patients and healthy subjects, have been obtained. Best electrode placement that can be used for this disease has been achieved succesfully

Determinig of Autoregressive Parameters from Electrogastrogram Signals Using Cramer-Rao Lower Bound

Gastroparesis is a kind of stomach disease that is identified with delay of gastric emptying of solid food without mechanical obstruction. The disease is diagnosed by invasive techniques. Scintigraphy imaging technique is accepted as the gold standard in diagnosis although having many disadvantages. In this study. non invasive EGG signals were obtained from gastroparesis patients and healthy volunteers. Power Spectral Density (PSD) graphs were obtained for purpose of determining feature in frequency axis for diagnosis. PSD method for which parametric method that is used to the signals, was determined using Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) method

Evaluation Diagnosis Availability of Noninvasive Electrogastrogram Signals for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Electrogastrography (EGG) is obtaining stomach myoelectrical activity non-invasively. Today, reflux is common between disorders of the digestive system. The invasiveness of methods used in the diagnosis of reflux is the biggest disadvantage for diagnosis. In this study, features helping non-invasive diagnosis of reflux disease are intended to obtaine using Electrogastrogram signals. Records were done as hunger and satiety in two ways from patients and healty individuals. Distinctive features was obtained using Singular Spectrum Analysis and Power Spectral Densities. 6 features were extracted from signals. Distinctive offFeautres were examined statistically. Finally, The features have been examined among groups and features that can be successful for classification have been determined

Signet ring cell carcinoma mimicking ileal Crohn’s disease

Signet ring cell carcinoma is a subtype of adenocarcinoma and mainly originated from stomach. Terminal ileum involvement is uncommon and only 2 cases have been reported in the literature. We represent a case of signet ring cell carcinoma of the terminal ileum showing gross features mimicking Crohn’s disease in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis

Plasma glutamine and cystine are decreased and negatively correlated with endomysial antibody in children with celiac disease

Background and Objectives: Glutamine is a nonessential amino acid which improves intestinal mucosal regeneration and absorption. Glutathione is a vital molecule for antioxidant reactions and is synthesized from cystine. The first aim of the study is to measure the plasma glutamine and cystine in children with celiac disease (CD) and compare them with controls. The second aim of this study is to investigate whether these amino acids are correlated with endomysial antibody (EMA) or not. Methods and Study Design: Fifty children with CD were compared to 50 healthy, age, and sex matched normal children as control. Plasma glutamine and cystine levels of the children were measured by using tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Plasma glutamine (808 vs 870 mu mol/L) and cystine (19 vs 48.5 mu mol/L) were significantly lower in the celiac group than the controls (p0.05). Serum EMA was negatively correlated with plasma cystine (r=-0,321, p=0.023), glutamine (r=-0.413, p=0.003). Conclusions: Our study indicated that plasma glutamine and cystine were significantly lower in the celiac children than the controls. Also, these amino acids were negatively correlated with EMA

Frequency and Related Risk Factors of Refeeding Hypophosphatemia in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Pilot Study.

Background & Aims: Refeeding hypophosphataemia (RH) is associated with poor clinical outcomes and mortality rates. However, the presence of RH in patients with cirrhosis remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the relationship among the frequency of RH, nutritional status, and disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at a single-centre gastroenterology clinic. Malnutrition was identified using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Disease severity was defined using the ChildTurcotte-Pugh (CTP) and the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores. Hypophosphatemia was defined as a serum phosphate level of <2.0 mg/dL.Results: Twelve of 50 cirrhotic patients (24%) had RH during hospitalization. The most common RH was determined in four patients on day four during the study follow-up. The sharpest decline in serum phosphate levels was observed on day four (median: 2.3 mg/dL). The CTP score and MELD scores did not differ significantly between RH and non-RH groups ((p=0.478 and p=0.643), respectively. The rate of malnutrition according to the SGA was 56.0%. A total of 82%, 4%, 8%, and 4% of participants received regular diet and oral nutritional supplements, only enteral tube feeding, only parenteral nutrition, and combined enteral and parenteral nutrition, respectively. In the RH group, 32% of participants received only parenteral nutrition and had a higher prevalence of RH than that of patients receiving only oral or enteral tube feeding (p=0.001). The CTP score strongly and negatively correlated with serum phosphorus levels on days two (p=0.016), three (p=0.050), and seven (p=0.017) in the RH group.Conclusions: This study showed that artificial feeding (enteral or parenteral nutrition) carries a significant risk in terms of RH. Malnourished patients with liver cirrhosis who received parenteral nutrition were closely monitored for a high risk of RH. The CTP score strongly and negatively correlated with serum phosphorus levels

Development of a Colorimetric Urease Test Based on Au NPS Capped with Anthocyanin for the Rapid Detection of Helicobacter pylori through Multiple Readouts

In this work, we have reported use of anthocyanin capped gold nanoparticles (Ant@Au NPs)-incorporated colorimetric urease test for rapid, sensitive and economic detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This test containing Ant@Au NPs, urea, sodium phosphate buffer (PBS) and sodium azide (NaN3) was prepared at pH 5 with red solution owing to dispersity of Ant@Au NPs, urease enzyme secreted from H. pylori cause production of ammonia (NH3) via hydrolysis of urea, then which makes reaction environment alkaline (pH 8.2). The limit of detection for this Ant@Au NPs based urease test was determined to be to 102 CFU/mL with proportional to increasing incubation time. However, distinct color change was observed with 104 CFU/mL H. pylori suspensions in 15 min. The anthocyanin molecules existing on surface of Ant@Au NPs were easily deprotonated from hydroxyl groups in the alkaline condition, which caused various changes on Ant@Au NPs including quite much negative charges on the surface of Ant@Au NPs analyzed by Zeta potential, aggregation of Ant@Au NPs demonstrated by STEM, DLS and spectrophotometer, and turning the color of test solution to purple evaluated by a naked eye and digital process imaging system

Exogenous pulmonary surfactant: a review focused on adjunctive therapy for SARS CoV-2 including SP-A and SP-D as added clinical marker.

Type I and type II pneumocytes are two forms of epithelial cells found lining the alveoli in the lungs. Type II pneumocytes exclusively secrete `pulmonary surfactants,' a lipoprotein complex made up of 90% lipids (mainly phospholipids) and 10% surfactant proteins (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D). Respiratory diseases such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection are reported to preferentially attack type II pneumocytes of the lungs. After viral invasion, consequent viral propagation and destruction of type II pneumocytes causes altered surfactant production, resulting in dyspnea and acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Exogenous animalderived or synthetic pulmonary surfactant therapy has already shown immense success in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and has the potential to contribute efficiently toward repair of damaged alveoli and preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-associated respiratory failure. Furthermore, early detection of surfactant collectins (SP-A and SP-D) in the circulatory system can be a significant clinical marker for disease prognosis in the near future

Evaluation of DNA Damage in Patients with a Neuroendocrine Tumor

Objective: Neuroendocrine tumors develop from the neuroendocrine cells of the endocrine system. As these tumors are extremely slow growing compared with other cancers, they often take years to reach a measurable dimension, thus leading to the late diagnosis, which has adverse effects on the survival and quality of life of patients. There is a link between many types of cancer and genomic instability, thus the markers associated with genomic instability can be used for early diagnosis of the disease or cancer-related changes. Comet assay is the most commonly used method to test genomic instability or DNA damage. To the best of our knowledge, no data are available on DNA damage in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. This study aimed to investigate the possible risk of DNA damage in a patient with neuroendocrine tumors using the comet assay