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    Body dissatisfaction, restrictive, and bulimic behaviours among young women : a Polish-Japanese comparison

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    The growing number of women, who are characterized by restrictive and bulimic behaviours towards their own body is observed especially in countries influenced by Westernalization. However, there is a lack of cross-cultural studies in this area. The main aim of the present study was to examine the psychological and socio-cultural risk factors for eating disorders in Polish and Japanese women. A cross-sectional research study was conducted among 18- to 29-year old Polish (n = 89) and Japanese (n = 97) women. The variables were measured using the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale SATAQ-3, and the Eating Disorders Inventory EDI-3. The descriptive and comparative statistics, Spearman's rho, and the stepwise regression analysis were used. The global internalization of socio-cultural standards of body image proved to be a significant predictor of Body Dissatisfaction among Polish and Japanese women. The main analysis showed a significant relation between the Drive for Thinness and Interoceptive Deficits in the group of Japanese women, as well as a correlation between Drive for Thinness and Asceticism in the group of Polish women. The obtained results could improve the prevention aimed the dysfunctional eating behaviours. However, the cultural nuances need to be considered in understanding the risk factors for eating disorders

    Eating disorders readiness syndrome among Japanese and Polish women aged 18-26. Cross-cultural comparison.

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    Syndrom gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania (SGDZO) jest syndromem coraz lepiej udokumentowanym, badanym mi臋dzy innymi przez taki test, jak test zaburze艅 od偶ywiania EDI-3. Brakuje por贸wnania go z wieloma czynnikami psychologicznymi, biologicznymi i socjokulturowymi. Wyst臋puj膮ce r贸偶nice mi臋dzykulturowe w wyst臋powaniu zaburze艅 od偶ywiania tak偶e nie s膮 jeszcze w wystarczaj膮cym stopniu zdiagnozowane, daj膮c szerokie pole na dalsze badania.W niniejszej pracy przeprowadzono badanie m艂odych doros艂ych kobiet dw贸ch narodowo艣ci: Japo艅skiej i Polskiej, w kontek艣cie syndromu gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania, postawy socjokulturowej do w艂asnego cia艂a, jak i paru dodatkowych zmiennych, takie jak BMI, trwa艂o艣膰 zwi膮zku romantycznego i pozycja w rodzinie generacyjnej. Wyb贸r zmiennych zosta艂 rzetelnie udokumentowany literatur膮. Za priorytet badania uzna艂am por贸wnanie mi臋dzykulturowe, jak i warto艣膰 prognostyczn膮 wynik贸w. W badaniu wzi臋艂o udzia艂 艂膮cznie 159 kobiet w wieku pomi臋dzy osiemnastoma, a dwudziesto-sze艣cioma latami 偶ycia, w tym 70 kobiet narodowo艣ci Japo艅skiej i 89 kobiet narodowo艣ci Polskiej.Pierwszym celem badania by艂o por贸wnanie wyst臋powania syndromu gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania oraz jego sk艂adowych pomi臋dzy grupami tych dw贸ch narodowo艣ci. Nast臋pnym celem by艂o sprawdzenie r贸偶nic pomi臋dzy grupami w postawie socjokulturowej wobec w艂asnego cia艂a, oraz jej sk艂adowych. Trzecim krokiem by艂o sprawdzenie r贸偶nic korelacji pomi臋dzy syndromem gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania, a postaw膮 socjokulturowa wobec w艂asnego cia艂a mi臋dzy grupami. Czwartym celem by艂o zbadanie korelacji mi臋dzy syndromem gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania, a BMI, trwa艂o艣ci膮 zwi膮zku romantycznego i pozycj膮 w rodzinie generacyjnej oraz por贸wnanie tych korelacji mi臋dzy grupami.By sprawdzi膰 postawione hipotezy, zosta艂 przeprowadzony test U Manna-Whitneya oraz test rang Spearmana, a tak偶e test z. Wszystkie testy zosta艂y przeprowadzone przy alfie Cronbacha = 0.05. Wykaza艂y one, 偶e nie ma statystycznie istotnych r贸偶nic pomi臋dzy grupami w syndromie gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania, ale za to Japonki maj膮 bardziej zinternalizowane zachodnie standardy pi臋kna. Pomimo tego, postawa socjokulturowa wobec w艂asnego cia艂a w wi臋kszym stopniu koreluje z syndromem gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania u Polek.W badaniu tym zosta艂y u偶yte narz臋dzia badawcze typu: Kwestionariusz Zaburze艅 Od偶ywiania (EDI-3) oraz Kwestionariusz Postaw Socjokulturowych wobec Wygl膮du Fizycznego i Wizerunku Cia艂a (SATAQ-3).Analiza wynik贸w bada艅 wykaza艂a, 偶e w danej pr贸bce nie by艂o statystycznie istotnych r贸偶nic pomi臋dzy syndromem gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania w obu grupach, ale za to by艂y r贸偶nice pomi臋dzy postaw膮 socjokulturowa wobec w艂asnego cia艂a oraz w korelacji postawy socjokulturowej wobec w艂asnego cia艂a z syndromem gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania. Kobiety narodowo艣ci Japo艅skiej mia艂y mocniej zinternalizowane przedstawiane przez media wzorce idealnego cia艂a, chod藕 to u kobiet narodowo艣ci Polskiej postawa socjokulturowa wobec w艂asnego cia艂a korelowa艂a znacz膮co wy偶ej z syndromem gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania. Udowodniono, 偶e wyst臋puj膮 r贸偶nice w korelatach syndromu gotowo艣ci do zaburze艅 od偶ywiania pomi臋dzy Polkami, a Japonkami.The Eating Disorders Readiness Syndrome (EDRS) is a syndrome that is getting increasingly well documented, tested, among others, by such a test as the eating disorder test EDI-3. There is however not many articles, which compare this syndrome with many psychological, biological and sociocultural factors. Intercultural differences in the occurrence of eating disorders are not yet sufficiently diagnosed, giving a wide field for further research.This study examined young adult women of two nationalities: Japanese and Polish, in the context of the readiness syndrome for eating disorders, socio-cultural attitude to one's own body, as well as a few additional variables, such as BMI, persistence of a romantic relationship and position in a generational family. The selection of variables was reliably documented by literature. I considered cross-cultural comparison as well as the predictive value of the results as the research priority. A total of 159 women aged between eighteen and twenty-six years of age participated in the study, including 70 women of Japanese nationality and 89 women of Polish nationality.The first goal of the study was to compare the occurrence of the eating disorder syndrome and its components between the groups of these two nationalities. The next goal was to check the differences between the groups in the socio-cultural attitude towards their own body and its components. The third step was to check the differences in correlation between the eating disorders readiness syndrome and the socio-cultural attitude towards one's own body between groups. The fourth goal was to examine the correlation between eating disorder readiness syndrome and BMI, the stability of the romantic relationship and position in the generational family, and to compare these correlations between groups.To test the hypotheses, the U Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman rank test were performed, as well as the z test. All tests were carried out with Cronbach's alpha = 0.05. They showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the groups in the syndrome of readiness for eating disorders, but Japanese women have more internalized western standards of beauty . Despite this, the socio-cultural attitude towards one's own body is more correlated with the syndrome of readiness for eating disorders in Polish women.This study used research tools such as: Eating Disorders Questionnaire (EDI-3) and Socio-Cultural Attitudes Questionnaire for Physical Appearance and Body Image (SATAQ-3).Analysis of research results showed that in a given sample there were no statistically significant differences between the syndrome of readiness for eating disorders in both groups, but there were differences between the sociocultural attitude towards one's own body and in the correlation of sociocultural attitude towards one's body with the syndrome of readiness for eating disorders. Women of Japanese nationality had more internalized internal media models of the ideal body, but for women of Polish nationality, the socio-cultural attitude towards their own body correlated significantly higher with the syndrome of readiness for eating disorders. It has been proved in this study that there are differences in correlates of the syndrome of readiness for eating disorders between Polish and Japanese women
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