An unusual morphology and crystallization behavior in in situ formed polyphenylene oxide/polyamide 6 blends

Novel polyphenylene oxide/polyamide 6 (PPO/ PA6) blends were synthesized via in situ polymerization of e-caprolactam with PPO dissolved in it. The introduction of 10 wt% PPO into PPO/PA6 led to phase inversion of the blends, which was nearly completed by incorporating 15 wt% PPO into the blends. A single crystallization temperature (Tc) of PA6 was detected for PPO/PA6 with 1–4 wt% PPO, while double Tc existed in the blends with 6–15 wt% PPO. After eliminating previous thermal his tory, PPO/PA6 containing no more than 6 wt% PPO gave a single melting point (Tm), but the blends with 10–15 wt% PPO exhibited double Tm. Increasing PPO content in PA6 resulted in the transformation of its crystal form from a-crystal to c-crystal, which might be attributed to hin drance of crystallization of PA6 particles in PPO-rich phase.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ХӨХХОТЫН ЗҮҮН ТОЙРОГИЙН ШАВЖИЙН ЗҮЙЛИЙН ОЛОН ЯНЗ БАЙДЛЫГ ТОГТООХ БҮЛГЭМДЛИЙН СУДАЛГАА

An investigation had been made into the insect communities in Hohhot farmland. Between January and December 2011-2012, in order to approach the effects of different habitat types in Hohhot on insect diversity, an investigation was conducted on the insects in four types of habitats in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. On the basis of a comprehensive investigation, combined with the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, the systematic analysis of Hohhot, the insect community composition in different seasons. A total of 5305 insects were collected , belonging to 164 species, 75 families and 11 orders, among which, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera were the dominant taxa. The insect species diversity and evenness, summer>autumn>spring; dominance, spring>autumn>summer

MedChatZH: a Better Medical Adviser Learns from Better Instructions

Generative large language models (LLMs) have shown great success in various applications, including question-answering (QA) and dialogue systems. However, in specialized domains like traditional Chinese medical QA, these models may perform unsatisfactorily without fine-tuning on domain-specific datasets. To address this, we introduce MedChatZH, a dialogue model designed specifically for traditional Chinese medical QA. Our model is pre-trained on Chinese traditional medical books and fine-tuned with a carefully curated medical instruction dataset. It outperforms several solid baselines on a real-world medical dialogue dataset. We release our model, code, and dataset on https://github.com/tyang816/MedChatZH to facilitate further research in the domain of traditional Chinese medicine and LLMs.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Combination optimization of green energy supply in data center based on simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm

At present, the high energy consumption of data centers based on grid power supply not only brings huge direct cost of electricity, but also indirectly produces a lot of greenhouse gases, which affects the natural environment. Academia and industry are beginning to introduce clean renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power into data centers to reduce operating costs and environmental damage by building new green data centers. To solve this problem, this study considers the use of waste heat for refrigeration while taking natural gas power generation into account, and introduces wind energy as a green energy source. On the premise of considering the response level of data centers, the two resources are combined and deployed to improve resource utilization and reduce energy consumption costs. Aiming at the instability of wind power generation, a particle swarm energy scheduling optimization algorithm based on simulated annealing algorithm was proposed by combining simulated annealing algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm. The research shows that, considering the response level of data centers, the use of natural gas and wind energy as the main energy supply can effectively reduce the overall energy consumption of data centers

Interactions between extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 and P38 Map kinase pathways in the control of RUNX2 phosphorylation and transcriptional activity

RUNX2, a key transcription factor for osteoblast differentiation, is regulated by ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase‐mediated phosphorylation. However, the specific contribution of each kinase to RUNX2‐dependent transcription is not known. Here we investigate ERK and p38 regulation of RUNX2 using a unique P‐RUNX2‐specific antibody. Both MAP kinases stimulated RUNX2 Ser319 phosphorylation and transcriptional activity. However, a clear preference for ERK1 versus p38α/β was found when the ability of these MAPKs to phosphorylate and activate RUNX2 was compared. Similarly, ERK1 preferentially bound to a consensus MAPK binding site on RUNX2 that was essential for the activity of either kinase. To assess the relative contribution of ERK1/2 and p38 to osteoblast gene expression, MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblast cells were grown in control or ascorbic acid (AA)‐containing medium ± BMP2/7. AA‐induced gene expression, which requires collagen matrix synthesis, was associated with parallel increases in P‐ERK and RUNX2‐S319‐P in the absence of any changes in P‐p38. This response was blocked by ERK, but not p38, inhibition. Significantly, in the presence of AA, BMP2/7 synergistically stimulated RUNX2 S319 phosphorylation and transcriptional activity without affecting total RUNX2 and this response was totally dependent on ERK/MAPK activity. In contrast, although p38 inhibition partially blocked BMP‐dependent transcription, it did not affect RUNX2 S319 phosphorylation, suggesting the involvement of other phosphorylation sites and/or transcription factors in this response. Based on this work, we conclude that extracellular matrix and BMP regulation of RUNX2 phosphorylation and transcriptional activity in osteoblasts is predominantly mediated by ERK rather than p38 MAPKs. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90254/1/561_ftp.pd

PETA: Evaluating the Impact of Protein Transfer Learning with Sub-word Tokenization on Downstream Applications

Large protein language models are adept at capturing the underlying evolutionary information in primary structures, offering significant practical value for protein engineering. Compared to natural language models, protein amino acid sequences have a smaller data volume and a limited combinatorial space. Choosing an appropriate vocabulary size to optimize the pre-trained model is a pivotal issue. Moreover, despite the wealth of benchmarks and studies in the natural language community, there remains a lack of a comprehensive benchmark for systematically evaluating protein language model quality. Given these challenges, PETA trained language models with 14 different vocabulary sizes under three tokenization methods. It conducted thousands of tests on 33 diverse downstream datasets to assess the models' transfer learning capabilities, incorporating two classification heads and three random seeds to mitigate potential biases. Extensive experiments indicate that vocabulary sizes between 50 and 200 optimize the model, whereas sizes exceeding 800 detrimentally affect the model's representational performance. Our code, model weights and datasets are available at https://github.com/ginnm/ProteinPretraining.Comment: 46 pages, 4figures, 9 table

A Modified Fast Approximated Power Iteration Subspace Tracking Method for Space-Time Adaptive Processing

We propose a subspace-tracking-based space-time adaptive processing technique for airborne radar applications. By applying a modified approximated power iteration subspace tracing algorithm, the principal subspace in which the clutter-plus-interference reside is estimated. Therefore, the moving targets are detected by projecting the data on the minor subspace which is orthogonal to the principal subspace. The proposed approach overcomes the shortcomings of the existing methods and has satisfactory performance. Simulation results confirm that the performance improvement is achieved at very small secondary sample support, a feature that is particularly attractive for applications in heterogeneous environments

Molecular cloning and expression profiles of MnSOD and CAT genes from the turbot <em>Scophthalmus maximus</em>

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase (CAT) could eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and maintain the reduction-oxidation balance in cells. This study aimed to investigate their functions in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) response to the *Vibro anguillarum* challenge. SmMnSOD, the full-length liver cDNA of MnSOD from *S. maximus*, was cloned by fast amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Sequencing of nucleotides indicated that the SmMnSOD cDNA was 1267 base pairs with a 684-base-pair open reading frame, encoding a 228 amino acid protein with 28 amino acid residues. The SmMnSOD sequence contains MnSOD signatures (DVWEHAYY) and probable N-glycosylation sites (NVT, NHT, and NLS). The deduced sequence of SmMnSOD revealed sequence homology between 85.3% and 92.9% with those of other species. A phylogenetic study found that SmMnSOD clustered with other fish MnSOD, indicating that SmMnSOD was a member of the MnSOD family. The SmMnSOD transcript was discovered by qRT-PCR in the gill, stomach, head-kidney, muscle, liver, intestine, and heart of *S. maximus*, with the highest expression in the liver. Upon intervention by *V. anguillarum*, the liver and head kidney transcript levels of SmMnSOD were up-regulated at 12 and 48 h, whereas the temporal expression profiles of the CAT transcript increased at 6 and 24 h. As the pathogenic bacterial stress processing was prolonged to 72 h, the liver and head kidney transcript levels of SmMnSOD and CAT decreased gradually. Thus, SmMnSOD was triggered and may be related to *S. maximus*' immunological responses against *V. anguillarum*