EMN for radiation protection - an evolving European metrology network

The European Council DIRECTIVE 2013/59/EURATOM laying down the basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionizing radiation is currently the main European regulation on ionizing radiation. The practical implementation of the European basic safety standards has become more complex due to the lack of consideration of the metrological implications and the adaptation to new technological developments, which lead to new standards, technological innovations, and improved capabilities. It was considered by EURAMET to be of a vital importance to have a metrology network that acts as a focal point between the metrology communities and the relevant radiation protection stakeholders, including regulators, standardization bodies, manufacturers, users of radiation sources and international organizations and radiation protection platforms. One of the most important tasks of this European Metrology Network (EMN) for Radiation Protection is to give a strong voice to the field of radiation protection metrology in Europe, so that it can provide responsible guidance and support to future technological developments. Additionally, metrological competence and capacity are essential to determine ambient or occupational exposures and urgent metrological needs exist in case of emergency situations. The EMN for Radiation Protection is in operation since 2021. The first Chair, Annette Röttger (PTB, Germany), Vice-Chair, Teemu Siiskonen (STUK, Finland) and Secretary Behnam Khanbabaee (PTB, Germany) have been elected. At the second meeting in 2022, first actions have been identified. In this contribution, the planned actions and next steps will be presented.ERPW 2022 - European Radiation Protection Week, 9-14th October 2022, Estoril, Portuga

Nova evropska mreža iz oblasti zaštite od zračenja razvijena u okviru supportBSS joint network project

European Metrology Networks are organized under the umbrella of EURAMET in order to improve Europe’s metrology capabilities based on the high-quality research and metrology service. One of the proposed European Metrology Networks is currently prepared by the EMPIR 19NET03 supportBSS Joint Network Project to address the needs in metrology for radiation protection and radiation protection regulation. The new network EMN for Radiation Protection (short name: RadiationProtect) that was approved by EURAMET in the General Assembly 2021 aims to improve communication between regulatory bodies, metrology institutes, and their stakeholders, promote smart specialization of calibration laboratories, establish a knowledge sharing program, and create roadmaps for future research priorities in the field of radiation protection metrology.Evropske metrološke mreže su organizovane pod okriljem EURAMET u cilju poboljšanja evropskih metroloških kapaciteta na osnovu visoko kvalitetnih istraživanja i metroloških servisa. Jedna od predloženih mreža je trenutno u pripremi u okviru međunarodnog projekta EMPIR 19NET03 supportBSS, sa ciljem da se zadovolje potrebe u okviru metrološke zajednice vezane za zaštitu od zračenja i regulativu u oblasti zaštite od zračenja. Nova mreža IRProtect je odobrena na generalnoj skupštini EURAMET u 2021. godini, i po uspostavljanju će težiti da poboljša komunikaciju između regulatornih tela, metroloških instituta i njihovih stejkholdera, zatim da promoviše “pametnu” specijalizaciju laboratorija za etaloniranje, uspostavi program razmene znanja i napravi mape puta sa budućim naučnim i razvojnim prioritetima u oblasti metrologije u zaštiti od zračenja.XXXI Симпозијум Друштва за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе, 06-08. октобар 2021.Proceedings: [https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/9668

The European Metrology Network for Radiation Protection: Benefits and Challenges

The European regulation on ionizing radiation is essentially laid down in the Council DIRECTIVE 2013/59/EURATOM. This Directive implements the basic safety standards for the protection of humans and the environment against the dangers arising from exposure to ionizing radiation. However, the practical implementation of the European basic safety standards has become more complex due to the lack of consideration of the metrological implications and the adaptation to new technological developments, which lead to new standards, technological innovations, and improved capabilities. It is therefore of vital importance to create a network that acts as a focal point between the metrology communities and the relevant radiation protection stakeholders, including regulators, standardization bodies, manufacturers, users of radiation sources and international organizations and platforms dealing with radiation protection such as HERCA, IAEA and EURADOS. The development of such a metrology network under the umbrella of EURAMET was planned by the consortium of the JNP EMPIR project 19NET03 supportBSS. The plan was successfully evaluated by EURAMET and the European Metrology Network (EMN) for Radiation Protection was approved by the EURAMET General Assembly in June 2021. The EMN for radiation protection will interact with innovative technological developments and has set itself the goal of being the central point of contact in order to cover the metrological needs in radiation protection and to find metrological solutions on a European level. The main challenges for this goal are in the first step the implementation of a long-term ongoing dialogue between the metrology communities and relevant stakeholder groups and, on the other hand, the development of a joint and sustainable European metrology infrastructure that underpins radiation protection regulation. The first step is visualized in this work.ERPW 2021 - European Radiation Protection Week, 22-24th November 2021, Vienna, Austri

Carbon dioxide-sensing in organisms and its implications for human disease

The capacity of organisms to sense changes in the levels of internal and external gases and to respond accordingly is central to a range of physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. Carbon dioxide, a primary product of oxidative metabolism is one such gas that can be sensed by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and in response to altered levels, elicit the activation of multiple adaptive pathways. The outcomes of activating CO2-sensitive pathways in various species include increased virulence of fungal and bacterial pathogens, prey-seeking behavior in insects as well as taste perception, lung function, and the control of immunity in mammals. In this review, we discuss what is known about the mechanisms underpinning CO2 sensing across a range of species and consider the implications of this for physiology, disease progression, and the possibility of developing new therapeutics for inflammatory and infectious disease.Deposited by bulk impor