Triethyl­ammonium (indane-1,2,3-trione 1,2-dioximato-κ2 N 1,O 2)(indane-1,2,3-trione 2-oximato 1-oxime-κ2 N 1,O 2)nickel(II)

In the title compound, (C6H16N)[Ni(C9H4N2O3)(C9H5N2O3)], the NiIIion is four-coordinated by two N atoms and two O atoms from two indane-1,2,3-trione-1,2-dioxime ligands. The two organic ligands are linked by an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonds

Genetic mapping of complex traits by minimizing integrated square errors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Genetic mapping has been used as a tool to study the genetic architecture of complex traits by localizing their underlying quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Statistical methods for genetic mapping rely on a key assumption, that is, traits obey a parametric distribution. However, in practice real data may not perfectly follow the specified distribution.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here, we derive a robust statistical approach for QTL mapping that accommodates a certain degree of misspecification of the true model by incorporating integrated square errors into the genetic mapping framework. A hypothesis testing is formulated by defining a new test statistics - energy difference.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Simulation studies were performed to investigate the statistical properties of this approach and compare these properties with those from traditional maximum likelihood and non-parametric QTL mapping approaches. Lastly, analyses of real examples were conducted to demonstrate the usefulness and utilization of the new approach in a practical genetic setting.</p

2-Amino-4-[4-(dimethyl­amino)­phen­yl]-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetra­hydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile

In the title mol­ecule, C18H19N3O2, the fused cyclo­hexenone and pyran rings adopt sofa conformations. Inter­molecular N—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into corrugated layers parallel to the bc plane

On the growth of national geoparks in China: distribution, interpretation, and regional comparison

Since the year 2000 China has created 139 National Geoparks; it started under the guidance of the former UNESCO\u27s Division of Earth Science, and has therefore become one of the pioneers in this aspect. Many National Geoparks in China have been described over the past decade, but an understanding of the range of various landform features and their connection with geological and climatic constraints has not previously been published. Based on an increasing awareness of National Geoparks, the aim of this contribution is to provide a comprehensive overview of the National Geoparks of China by reviewing the geological heritage and their intrinsic linkages with geological and climatic controls. A regional comparison of the widespread clastic and karst Geopark landforms indicates that the development of these terrains can only be understood within a synthesis of tectonic constraints, climatic changes and lithological properties, whereas the variety of types, forms, scales and development patterns reflect processes in various climatic settings

2-Amino-4-(2-chloro­phen­yl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetra­hydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile ethanol monosolvate

In the title compound, C16H13ClN2O2·C2H6O, the fused cyclo­hexene and pyran rings adopt envelope and flattened boat conformations, respectively. In the crystal, N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the chromene and ethanol solvent mol­ecules into infinite chains along the c axis, and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link these chains into a three-dimensional framework. Weak C—H⋯π inter­actions are also present

Electronic Post-Compensation of Optical Transmission Impairments Using Digital Backward Propagation

Systems and method of compensating for transmission impairment are disclosed. One such method comprises: receiving an optical signal which has been distorted in the physical domain by an optical transmission channel; and propagating the distorted optical signal backward in the electronic domain in a corresponding virtual optical transmission channel

Characteristics of prefrontal activity during emotional and cognitive processing in patients with bipolar disorder: A multi-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a recurrent chronic mental disorder with a broad profile of functional deficits including disturbed emotional processing and cognitive impairments. The goal of the current study was to further explore the underlying neural mechanism of dysfunction in patients with BD from a comprehensive perspective of both cognition and emotion. Forty-six clinical patients with BD and forty-five healthy controls performed emotion induction task and verbal fluency task (VFT), with frontal activity measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Our results show distinct hemodynamic activity in the prefrontal region during emotional and cognitive processing between patients with BD and healthy controls. Patients with BD exhibit valence-dependent prefrontal cortex (PFC) hemodynamic response to emotional stimuli, with bilateral frontal hypoactivity indicating decreased positive reactivity and left frontal hyperactivity indicating increased negative reactivity. On the other hand, patients with BD showed impaired performance with bilateral frontal hypoactivity during VFT. Taken together, frontal dysfunction of cognition and emotionality in patients with BD probed by fNIRS would be a potential biomarker in clinical assessment

Effects of Spine Motion on Foot Slip in Quadruped Bounding

Translation and bend of the spine in the sagittal plane during high-speed quadruped running were investigated. The effect of the two spine motions on slip between the foot and the ground was also explored. First, three simplified sagittal plane models of quadruped mammals were studied in symmetric bounding. The first model’s trunk allowed no relative motion, the second model allowed only trunk bend, and the third model allowed both bend and translation. Next, torque was introduced to equivalently replace spine motion and the possibility of foot slip of the three models was analyzed theoretically. The results indicate that the third model has the least possibility of slip. This conclusion was further confirmed by simulation experiments. Finally, the conclusion was verified by the reductive model crawling robot

Iterative Energy-Efficient Stable Matching Approach for Context-Aware Resource Allocation in D2D Communications

Energy efficiency (EE) is critical to fully achieve the huge potentials of device-to-device (D2D) communications with limited battery capacity. In this paper, we consider the two-stage EE optimization problem, which consists of a joint spectrum and power allocation problem in the first stage, and a context-aware D2D peer selection problem in the second stage. We provide a general tractable framework for solving the combinatorial problem, which is NP-hard due to the binary and continuous optimization variables. In each stage, user equipments (UEs) from two finite and disjoint sets are matched in a two-sided stable way based on the mutual preferences. First, the preferences of UEs are defined as the maximum achievable EE. An iterative power allocation algorithm is proposed to optimize EE under a specific match, which is developed by exploiting nonlinear fractional programming and Lagrange dual decomposition. Second, we propose an iterative matching algorithm, which first produces a stable match based on the fixed preferences, and then dynamically updates the preferences according to the latest matching results in each iteration. Finally, the properties of the proposed algorithm, including stability, optimality, complexity, and scalability, are analyzed in detail. Numerical results validate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed algorithm under various simulation scenarios