Rehabilitation planning in an oilfield in the Monte Austral: Mapping sand-sized sediment availability and assessing its effect on microtopography rehabilitation

In drylands, the microtopography is formed by mound-shaped dunes of eolian deposition that occur around shrubs or other vegetation in clumps. These mounds are characteristic of the Monte Austral, which covers 20% of Argentina (approximately 50 million ha), has a strong water deficit and is subjected to land degradation by the oil industry. Considering the biogeomorphological approach, oilfield rehabilitation should begin with regeneration of the mounds as they provide safe sites for vegetation. Since rehabilitation success may be influenced by sand-sized sediment availability, we addressed two objectives: mapping the sediment availability in an oilfield and evaluating its effect on microtopography rehabilitation. We used a Sentinel-2 MSI scene and assessed three approaches to map the sediments: two expressions of the Normalized Difference Sand Index and the feature Brightness of the Tasselled Cap Transformation. We validated the three maps using a geomorphological map. Two maps showed the highest agreement with the geomorphological map and errors were associated with the detection of bright lithified or cohesive material not available for sediment transportation. Then, we evaluated the effect of sediments on microtopography rehabilitation. We compared the morphometric traits of mounds (height, maximum and minimum length) located in areas of low and high sediment availability, in both natural and scarified areas. We considered the time since scarification was applied (8–13, 4–8, or <4 years ago). The mounds in the natural areas were larger than the mounds in the scarified areas, so complete microtopography rehabilitation is not achieved 13 years after scarification. The mounds in high-sediment-availability areas were different from the initial condition 4 years after scarification, whereas differences took 8 years to become evident with low sediment availability. Sediment availability must be considered when designing rehabilitation techniques to ensure the success and sustainability of the project. Our results have implications for the development of a biogeomorphological model to guide rehabilitation planning.Fil: Ciancio, Matías Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Maimonides. Area de Invest.biomédicas y Biotecnológicas. Cent.d/est.biomedic.,biotecn.,ambient.y Diagnost.. Departamento de Ecología y Cs.ambientales; Argentina. BfU de Argentina S.A.; ArgentinaFil: Guida Johnson, Bárbara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Zuleta, Gustavo Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Maimonides. Area de Invest.biomédicas y Biotecnológicas. Cent.d/est.biomedic.,biotecn.,ambient.y Diagnost.. Departamento de Ecología y Cs.ambientales; Argentin

Cultural patterns: heritage of the Matanza-Riachuelo watershed, Buenos Aires province

The valuation criteria of the national, provincial and municipal cultural heritage is a cultural pattern among which the collective and restrictive aspects used for their designation take precedence. The analysis of the legally protected assets in the 14 municipalities that are part of the Matanza-Riachuelo watershed enables the identification of the established cultural patterns. The urban-formal spaces become representative of a national identity, whereas the marginal-informal spaces are their opposite. In this investigation, we spatialized the protected assets of the watershed and we assessed their location in formal and informal spaces and through time, in order to identify the cultural pattern. The practice of protecting, preserving and conserving heritage assets representative of the tension between central and peripheral areas, becomes an empowering tool of the national identity.Los criterios de valoración del patrimonio nacional, provincial y municipal se presentan como patrones culturales en donde priman aspectos estandarizados y restrictivos para su nombramiento. El análisis del patrimonio protegido de los 14 municipios que forman parte de la cuenca Matanza-Riachuelo, se presenta como punto de partida para identificar los patrones culturales establecidos, en donde los espacios urbanos-formales se vuelven representativos de la identidad nacional y los espacios marginales-informales su contracara. En este trabajo espacializamos los bienes protegidos de la cuenca y analizamos la proporción de patrimonio en los espacios formales e informales y a lo largo del tiempo, con el fin de identificar el patrón cultural establecido. La práctica de proteger, preservar y conservar los bienes patrimoniales, que surge de la tensión entre las áreas centrales y periféricas, se vuelve una herramienta fortalecedora de la identidad de una nación.Fil: Garcia, Analia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Departamento de Ciencias Antropológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Lanús; ArgentinaFil: Weissel, Marcelo Norman. Universidad Maimonides. Area de Invest.biomédicas y Biotecnológicas. Cent.d/est.biomedic.,biotecn.,ambient.y Diagnost.. Departamento de Ecología y Cs.ambientales; Argentina. Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara; ArgentinaFil: Guida Johnson, Bárbara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; ArgentinaFil: Zuleta, Gustavo Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Maimónides; Argentin

Crystal structure and infrared and Raman spectra of K3[Cr(CN)5NO].2H2O, a member of an iconic family of complexes in coordination chemistry

Potassium pentacyanonitrosylchromate(I) dihydrate salt, K3[Cr(CN)5NO].2H2O, forms spontaneously from aqueous solution below about 15 °C while the anhydrous salt is obtained above 20 °C. The molecular structure of the dihydrate has been determined by X-ray diffraction, taking full advantage of modern data collection, advanced space group and structure solution and refinement. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Cc, is isomorphic to the Mn(I) analog, and shows the pseudo-symmetry of space super-group C2/c. The [Cr(CN)5NO]3− ion has an umbrella-like conformation with the equatorial Cr-CN bonds slightly bent away from the Cr-NO link. The crystallographic study fills a gap left in the literature on accurate structural data for alkaline and alkaline-earth salts of [M(CN)5NO]n- (M = V, Cr, Mn, Fe) series of coordination compounds. We also report here the solid-state vibration structure of the new compound, as probed by IR and Raman spectroscopy. Water mode assignments were assisted through deuterium enrichment. The thermal dehydration behavior complements structural and spectroscopic information on water molecules.Fil: Piro, Oscar Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Echeverría, Gustavo Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ciencias Basicas; ArgentinaFil: Navaza, Alda. Universite de Paris 13-Nord; FranciaFil: Guida, Jorge Alberto. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ciencias Basicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Luján; Argentin

Impact of Isolated Tricuspid Valve Repair on Right Ventricular Remodelling in an Adult Congenital Heart Disease Population

BackgroundSurgical repair of isolated congenital tricuspid valve (TV) disease is rare with no well-defined indication and outcomes. Moreover, the role of right ventricle (RV) in this context has not yet been investigated.ObjectivesWe sought to assess the impact of congenital TV repair on cardiac remodelling and clinical–functional status and the importance of the RV function in an adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) population.Methods and resultsFrom January 2005 to December 2015, 304 patients underwent TV surgery in our centre. Of these, 27 (ACHD) patients had isolated TV repair. Patients were evaluated with preoperative and postoperative transthoracic echocardiogram. Survival rate has been investigated with a mean clinical follow-up (FU) of 3.7 ± 2.3 years, whereas the mean echocardiographic FU was 2.9 ± 1.8 years. The clinical and functional status of patients showed a statistically significant improvement after the surgical repair in terms of New York Heart Association class (66.7 vs 7.4%; p &lt; 0.01), clinical signs of heart failure (29.6 vs 7.4%; p &lt; 0.01), and left ventricular function (14.8 vs 7.4%; p &lt; 0.01). The RV and right atrium diameter were significantly reduced after surgery (5.15 ± 1.21 vs 4.32 ± 1.16; p &lt; 0.01) and (44.7 ± 16.7 vs 26.7 ± 9.2; p &lt; 0.01), respectively. The degree of postoperative pulmonary hypertension was also significantly reduced (40.7 vs 7.4%; p &lt; 0.01). The survival rate was 96.3% at 1 year and 93.7% at 5 years. One patient (3.7%) had early failure of the tricuspid repair requiring a reoperation.ConclusionIsolated TV repair for adult congenital disease significantly improved patients’ clinical and functional status and allowed right ventricular remodelling and functional improvement

Surgical repair of Stanford type A aortic dissection in elderly patients:a contemporary systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: The results of surgical treatment of type A aortic dissection (AAD) in the elderly are controversial and aggravated by a higher operative mortality rate. The studies published in this subset of patients are mainly retrospective analyses or small samples from international registries. We sought to investigate this topic by conducting a contemporary meta-analysis of the most recent observational studies. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted for any study published in the last five years on aortic dissection treated surgically in patients 70 years and older. A pooled risk-ratio meta-analysis has been conducted three main post-operative outcomes: short-term mortality, stroke and acute kidney injury. RESULTS: A total of 11 retrospective observational studies have been included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Pooled meta-analysis showed an increased risk of short term mortality for the elderly population [relative risk (RR) =2.25; 95% CI, 1.79–2.83; I(2)=0%; P<0.0001], and this has been confirmed in a sub-analysis of patients 80 years and older. The risk of having stroke (RR =1.15; 95% CI, 0.89–1.5; I(2)=0%; P=0.28) and acute kidney injury (RR =0.79; 95% CI, 0.5–1.25, I(2)=14%, P=0.31) after surgery were comparable to the younger cohort of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Although affected by an increased risk of short-term mortality in the elderly, surgical repair remains the treatment of choice for AAD. The main post-operative outcomes are comparable to younger patients and the mid-term survival rates are acceptable

The Blackholic energy and the canonical Gamma-Ray Burst IV: the "long", "genuine short" and "fake - disguised short" GRBs

(Shortened) [...] After recalling the basic features of the "fireshell model", we emphasize the following novel results: 1) the interpretation of the X-ray flares in GRB afterglows as due to the interaction of the optically thin fireshell with isolated clouds in the CircumBurst Medium (CBM); 2) an interpretation as "fake - disguised" short GRBs of the GRBs belonging to the class identified by Norris & Bonnell [...] consistent with an origin from the final coalescence of a binary system in the halo of their host galaxies with particularly low CBM density [...]; 3) the first attempt to study a genuine short GRB with the analysis of GRB 050509B, that reveals indeed still an open question; 4) the interpretation of the GRB-SN association in the case of GRB 060218 via the "induced gravitational collapse" process; 5) a first attempt to understand the nature of the "Amati relation", a phenomenological correlation between the isotropic-equivalent radiated energy of the prompt emission E_{iso} with the cosmological rest-frame \nu F_{\nu} spectrum peak energy E_{p,i}. In addition, recent progress on the thermalization of the electron-positron plasma close to their formation phase, as well as the structure of the electrodynamics of Kerr-Newman Black Holes are presented. An outlook for possible explanation of high-energy phenomena in GRBs to be expected from the AGILE and the Fermi satellites are discussed. As an example of high energy process, the work by Enrico Fermi dealing with ultrarelativistic collisions is examined. It is clear that all the GRB physics points to the existence of overcritical electrodynamical fields. In this sense we present some progresses on a unified approach to heavy nuclei and neutron stars cores, which leads to the existence of overcritical fields under the neutron star crust.Comment: 68 pages, 50 figures, in the Proceedings of the XIII Brazilian School on Cosmology and Gravitation, M. Novello, S.E. Perez-Bergliaffa, editor