RESVERATROL IN KUBAN WINES

Purpose: The main purpose of viticulture is to improve the quality of the grapes, both to a greater extent for ampelotherapy and winemaking, and, to a lesser extent, to onotherapy. Methodology: The article highlights the results of perennial (from 2014) studies of 18 promising technical grape varieties from different zones of the Krasnodar Territory: Anapo-Taman, Central, as well as Amur from the Black Sea zone of the Krasnodar Territory and two control Western European world-famous and most common varieties Merlot and Cabernet-Sauvignon in the same zones. Result: The average values of resveratrol were found in wine materials from the varieties Vladimir and Dmitry (4.7 mg / dm3), Podlesny (3.9 mg / dm3), Saperavi Severny (3.5 mg / dm3), 40 let Octiabria (3.3 mg / dm3), Kurchansky and 40 let Pobedy (3.0 and 2.9 mg / dm3, respectively). On the other hand, as shown by the analysis of wine materials, the Antaris, Varyushkin, Mitsar and Plechistik varieties synthesize a lower content of resveratrol (1.0 and 0.9 mg / dm3, respectively). Applications: This research can be used for the universities, teachers and education students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of resveratrol in Kuban wines is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

ГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ОБРАЗ ВЫСОКОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ВИН

The objects of the research were samples of high quality wines of various types produced by the enterprises of the Krasnodar Territory, the Rostov Region and foreign producers of different grape varieties. The method of automatic titration of acids in wines was applied by coulometric generation of the base with the recording of the results of potentiometric indication on the computer. The influence of the grape variety and the duration of aging of table wine on the appearance of the titration curves was carried out using 77 technical grades and clones of grapes (44 red grapes and 33 white grapes) from the Anapsko-Tamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar Territory from 2001 to 2016. Grapes of the studied varieties were processed under the micro nodulation conditions according to two schemes. Dry table red wines were obtained by fermentation on the mash. Dry table white wines were produced using the high quality low-oxidized wines. The experimental studies confirming the individuality of the titration curves and the absorption spectra of wine samples for specific brands have been carried out. The principal possibility was shown of using the coordinates of the titration curve of a wine sample for establishing a relationship with the grape variety and the authenticity of the production of wines with the protected geographical indication and appellation of origin. To confirm the authenticity of the wine products, it was suggested to compare the data matrix with the coordinates describing the average titration curve of a specific wine product obtained by the manufacturer with a similar matrix obtained by the controlling party under the reproducibility conditions. When the appearance of the titration curves of red wines obtained from different grape varieties was identical, it was suggested to additionally apply a matrix of data describing the absorption spectrum in the visible region.Key words: organic acids, authenticity of wines, potentiometric titration curves, spectral characteristicsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.3.003(Russian)O.N. Shelud`ko1,2, N.K. Strizhov2, T.I. Guguchkina1, T.V. Guzik2 1Northern-Caucasian Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking. Russian Federation,  350901, Krasnodar,40th Anniversary of the Victory st., 392Kuban State Technological University,  Russian Federation, 350072, Krasnodar, Moscow st.,2Объектами исследований были образцы высококачественных вин различных типов, выработанных предприятиями Краснодарского края, Ростовской области и зарубежными производителями из разных сортов винограда. Применяли метод автоматического титрования кислот в винах путем кулонометрической генерации основания с записью результатов потенциометрической индикации на компьютере. Оценку влияния сорта винограда и продолжительности хранения столового сухого вина на вид кривых титрования проводили на 77 технических сортах и клонах винограда (44 красных и 33 белых), районированных в Анапско-Таманской зоне Краснодарского Края в период с 2001 по 2016 гг. Виноград изучаемых сортов перерабатывали в условиях микровиноделия по двум схемам. Столовые красные сухие вина получали брожением на мезге. Столовые белые сухие вина получали по технологии высококачественных малоокисленных вин. Проведены экспериментальные исследования, подтверждающие индивидуальность кривой потенциометрического титрования и спектров поглощения проб вина конкретного наименования. Показана принципиальная возможность по координатам кривой титрования пробы вина устанавливать связь с сортом винограда и подлинностью производства вин с защищенными географическими указанием и наименованием места происхождения. Для подтверждения подлинности винодельческой продукции предложено сравнивать матрицу данных с координатами, описывающими среднюю кривую титрования конкретной винодельческой продукции, полученную производителем, с аналогичной матрицей, полученной контролирующей стороной, в условиях воспроизводимости. При близости вида кривых титрования проб вин, полученных из красных сортов винограда, предложено дополнительно прилагать матрицу данных, описывающих спектр поглощения в видимой области.Ключевые слова: органические кислоты, подлинность вин, кривые потенциометрического титрования, спектральные характеристикиDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.3.00

Graphic image of high quality wines

The objects of the research were samples of high quality wines of various types produced by the enterprises of the Krasnodar Territory, the Rostov Region and foreign producers of different grape varieties. The method of automatic titration of acids in wines was applied by coulometric generation of the base with the recording of the results of potentiometric indication on the computer. The influence of the grape variety and the duration of aging of table wine on the appearance of the titration curves was carried out using 77 technical grades and clones of grapes (44 red grapes and 33 white grapes) from the Anapsko-Tamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar Territory from 2001 to 2016. Grapes of the studied varieties were processed under the micro nodulation conditions according to two schemes. Dry table red wines were obtained by fermentation on the mash. Dry table white wines were produced using the high quality low-oxidized wines. The experimental studies confirming the individuality of the titration curves and the absorption spectra of wine samples for specific brands have been carried out. The principal possibility was shown of using the coordinates of the titration curve of a wine sample for establishing a relationship with the grape variety and the authenticity of the production of wines with the protected geographical indication and appellation of origin. To confirm the authenticity of the wine products, it was suggested to compare the data matrix with the coordinates describing the average titration curve of a specific wine product obtained by the manufacturer with a similar matrix obtained by the controlling party under the reproducibility conditions. When the appearance of the titration curves of red wines obtained from different grape varieties was identical, it was suggested to additionally apply a matrix of data describing the absorption spectrum in the visible region.Объектами исследований были образцы высококачественных вин различных типов, выработанных предприятиями Краснодарского края, Ростовской области и зарубежными производителями из разных сортов винограда. Применяли метод автоматического титрования кислот в винах путем кулонометрической генерации основания с записью результатов потенциометрической индикации на компьютере. Оценку влияния сорта винограда и продолжительности хранения столового сухого вина на вид кривых титрования проводили на 77 технических сортах и клонах винограда (44 красных и 33 белых), районированных в Анапско-Таманской зоне Краснодарского Края в период с 2001 по 2016 гг. Виноград изучаемых сортов перерабатывали в условиях микровиноделия по двум схемам. Столовые красные сухие вина получали брожением на мезге. Столовые белые сухие вина получали по технологии высококачественных малоокисленных вин. Проведены экспериментальные исследования, подтверждающие индивидуальность кривой потенциометрического титрования и спектров поглощения проб вина конкретного наименования. Показана принципиальная возможность по координатам кривой титрования пробы вина устанавливать связь с сортом винограда и подлинностью производства вин с защищенными географическими указанием и наименованием места происхождения. Для подтверждения подлинности винодельческой продукции предложено сравнивать матрицу данных с координатами, описывающими среднюю кривую титрования конкретной винодельческой продукции, полученную производителем, с аналогичной матрицей, полученной контролирующей стороной, в условиях воспроизводимости. При близости вида кривых титрования проб вин, полученных из красных сортов винограда, предложено дополнительно прилагать матрицу данных, описывающих спектр поглощения в видимой области

New grape varieties for production of high-quality wines, and assessment methodology for varietal characteristics of the product

In recent years, Russian and international breeders have produced a great many of new varieties of Vitis vinifera grapes as well as interspecies hybrids, distinguished by a high quality of fruit and other useful economic and biological features. Having a big reserve of technologically important substances and hygienic factors of grapevine, the resistant varieties may prove especially efficient for the production of premium-class wines. The appearance of high-end Russian wines with protected geographical indication (PGI) and protected appellation of origin (PAO), first of all, fits in with the requirements of international markets. It is a necessary criterion for product quality and safety assurance at the highly competitive global market, and development of universally recognized brands. It also helps resolve a number of socio-economic issues, such as formation of winemaking culture, and production of wines of guaranteed quality from own grapes. This study is devoted to substantiating the necessity for development of methods of formation of single information databases on characteristic features of PGI and PAO wines, including their distinctive organoleptic, physical and chemical properties (extract components – the cation-anion composition, organic acids, total phenolic and anthocyanin content; unique colour characteristics), as well as the application of the system of organoleptic assessment of wines with the use of descriptive analysis of wine colour, flavour and taste. It is well-timed and relevant to determine the regularities of realization of the varietal potential of a grapevine plant in terms of climatic conditions of growing and geographical origin based on the study of the endogenous and exogenous components of wines with the use of the methods of high-performance capillary electrophoresis, spectral photometry, organoleptic analysis, and statistical techniques. This research generalizes and puts forth a contemporary view of varietal and geographical identification of wines. It is shown that the proposed research guideline is highly sought-after, and it is of fundamental and practical importance for the development of regional and national selection, genetic, viticultural and winemaking industries

Colour and quality peculiarities of induced red variety of anchellote grape for manufacturing qualitative wine materials

It is established that the introduced Anchellotte grape variety corresponds to the requirements of GOST 32030-2013 by organoleptic and physicochemical parameters. The qualitative indicators of wort and wine material from Anchellotte variety are determined in comparison with the control Saperavi variety. Tasting assessment confirmed the viability of the Anchellotte grape variety as a raw material for the production of quality red wines

Changes in the antioxidant activity of red dry wines depending on the production method

It is found that a production method affects the antioxidant activity of researched red dry wines made grapes produced in Kuban area. According to results of multivariate analysis of variance, grape variety (59% of influence), production method (27%) and usage of antioxidants during must extraction (7%) influenced on antioxidant activity values

Research of mechanisms of transformation and removal of antibiotics from wine by sorbents of different nature

On the basis of own research, the authors experimentally confirmed the reliability of the hypothesis expressed in the scientific literature about the possibility of effective removal of nisin and natamycin from wines and wine materials. New knowledge has been obtained about the possible mechanisms of sorption of nisin and natamycin through the use of sorbents of various nature. Comparative experimental data on the interaction of sorbents with antibiotics in wines are presented. In this work, experimental data are presented that indicate different efficiency of antibiotic removal during wine processing, which is due to the structure and properties of sorbents. It has been shown that the sorption capacity of sorbents for natamycin and nisin decreases in the series: activated carbon, bentonite, and colloidal silicon dioxide. Mathematical models have been obtained for decontamination of antibiotics from wine production using sorbents of various nature

Scientific study of

The report presents the results of a study of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in carbohydrates and intracellular water of red and white grapes of 2016 wine-growing season in the Crimean peninsula areas, South-west coast of the Greater Caucasus, the Don basin and the Western Caspian region. The mass concentration of reducing sugars in the studied grape samples has been from 17.5 to 25.0 g/100 ml, titrated acids concentration (based on tartaric acid) – from 6.0 to 9.1 g/l, the buffer capacity 34.1–63.2 mg-Eq/l. Red and white wine made from respective grapes contained from 0.5 to 3.6 g/l of residual sugar; from 11.1 to 14.5% ethanol by volume; buffer capacity was 35.2–52.6 mg-Eq/l. It has been found that the δ13CVPDB values for carbohydrates of red and white grape varieties as a result of biological fractionation of carbon isotopes in the agro-climatic conditions of plant growth for the studied geographical areas are ranging from − 26.74 to − 20.74‰ (the Crimean peninsula); from − 27.31 to − 21.58‰ (South West Coast of the Greater Caucasus), from − 27.33 to − 24.73‰ (Don Basin) and from − 26.64 to − 23.17‰ (West Caspian). The δ13CVPDB values for ethanol of the red and white dry wines range from − 28.52 to − 24.26‰ (the Crimean peninsula); from − 29.23 to − 24.52‰ (South West Coast of the Greater Caucasus); from − 28.97 to − 26.22‰ (Don Basin); from − 29.14 to − 25.22‰ (Western Caspian). Compared with the surface water and groundwater (averages from δ18OVSMOW− 13.90 to − 6.38‰) and with precipitation (averages from δ18OVSMOW − 10.30 to − 9.04‰) the δ18OVSMOW values in intracellular water of grapes are the following: for the Crimean peninsula grapes, from 0.40 to 4.97‰; the South West Coast of the Greater Caucasus, from -2.11 to 6.29‰; the Don Basin, from − 2.21 to 6.26‰; the Western Caspian, from − 0.24 to 1.44‰. It has been noted that in conditions of water shortage caused by low rainfall or lack of rainfall and irrigation, grapes are prone to the accumulation of “heavy” 13C carbon isotope due to changes in isotopic exchange with the environment through a partial reduction in the intensity of transpiration and photosynthesis