Bilateral Polydactyly in a Nondescript Calf

A 7 day old non-descript female calf was presented to the Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, Indian Veterinary Research Institute-Izatnagar with a history of limping and unusual appearance of hindlimbs from birth. Physical examination revealed additional digit on the metatarsal regions of both the hind limbs. Radiographic examination confirmed the presence of supernumerary digits unaccompanied by any other congenital malformation. It was diagnosed as Polydactyly type IV. Surgical intervention was done to remove the extra digit in both the hind limbs. This clinical article reports the successful management of bilateral polydactyly in a non-descript calf

Retrieval of Pharyngeal Foreign Body Through Oral Approach in Three Dogs

Three dogs aged between 2 to 4 years old were presented to the Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar with clinical signs of anorexia, hypersalivation and repeated attempts at swallowing. Two cases showed shaking of head, pawing at the mouth and rubbing the head against wall, while in one case behavioral signs of depression were observed. Clinical examination and lateral plain radiograph of head and neck revealed radio opaque foreign body in the pharynx of all the animals. The foreign bodies were retrieved through the oral approach under general anaesthesia. This clinical paper reports the successful management of pharyngeal foreign bodies through oral approach using long curved artery forceps without any complication

Stillbirth in Pigs

Piglets that are born dead may have died at any time during the farrowing process or before. Causes of stillborn piglets can be divided into infectious and noninfectious. Infectious causes perhaps are overemphasized but are certainly important in epidemic situations. Noninfectious causes of stillborns are most common in endemic situations. Genetic, maternal, piglet and environmental factors can all affect the stillborn rate. The review attempts to describe the causes of stillborn piglets and the ways to mitigate them

Prosudba učinkovitosti celomske tekućine kišne gujavice na cijeljenje rana u punoj debljini kože kunića.

The present study was conducted on 16 New Zealand White rabbits of 10-12 months of age, to evaluate the healing potential of earthworm coelomic fluid in full thickness skin wounds. Under xylazine-ketamine anaesthesia, four rectangular full thickness excisional skin wounds, measuring 2×2 cm2 were created on the dorsum of each animal and designated as groups I, II, III and IV. Wounds were treated by topical coelomic fluid (I), 0.5 % povidone-iodine and coelomic fluid (II), 0.5 % povidone-iodine (III) and normal saline (IV). Healing was evaluated on the basis of gross and histomorphological parameters. The mean wound area was significantly lesser (P<0.05) in the wounds of groups I and II as compared to groups III and IV, up to 21 days. Out of 16 wounds, nine wounds in group I (56.25 %) and 11 wounds in group II (68.75 %) healed completely by day 21, but none in groups III and IV. Histomorphological studies showed more mature and densely placed collagen and better epithelialization in groups I and II as compared to groups III and IV. It was concluded that coelomic fluid of the earthworm Eisenia foetida can accelerate healing of full-thickness skin wounds in rabbits.Istraživanje je provedeno na 16 novozelandskih bijelih kunića u dobi od 10 do 12 mjeseci s ciljem da se prosudi mogući učinak celomske tekućine kišne gujavice na cijeljenje rana u punoj debljini kože u kunića. Kunići su bili podijeljeni u četiri skupine označene I, II, III i IV. Četiri pravokutne ekscizijske kožne rane u punoj debljini veličine 2x2 cm načinjene su na leđima svake životinje pod anestezijom ksilazin-ketaminom. Rane su bile obrađene celomskom tekućinom (skupina I), 0,5 %-tnim povidon-jodom i celomskom tekućinom (skupina II), 0,5 %-tnim povidon-jodom (skupina III) i fiziološkom otopinom (skupina IV). Cijeljenje rana bilo je prosuđivano na osnovi patoanatomskih i patohistoloških nalaza. Prosječna površina rana 21 dan nakon ekscizije bila je značajno manja (P<0,05) u skupinama I i II u usporedbi s površinom skupina III i IV. Devet od 16 rana u skupini I (56,25 %) i 11 u skupini II (68,75 %) u potpunosti su zacijelile 21 dan nakon ekscizije, dok nijedna nije zacijelila u skupini III i IV. Patohistološki nalaz pokazao je više zrelog i gušće raspoređenog kolagena te bolju epitelizaciju u skupinama I i II u usporedbi sa skupinama III i IV. Može se zaključiti da celomska tekućina kišne gujavice Eisenia foetida može ubrzati cijeljenje rana u punoj debljini kože u kunića

Retrieval of Pharyngeal Foreign Body Through Oral Approach in Three Dogs

Three dogs aged between 2 to 4 years old were presented to the Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar with clinical signs of anorexia, hypersalivation and repeated attempts at swallowing. Two cases showed shaking of head, pawing at the mouth and rubbing the head against wall, while in one case behavioral signs of depression were observed. Clinical examination and lateral plain radiograph of head and neck revealed radio opaque foreign body in the pharynx of all the animals. The foreign bodies were retrieved through the oral approach under general anaesthesia. This clinical paper reports the successful management of pharyngeal foreign bodies through oral approach using long curved artery forceps without any complication

Uterine Rupture and Fetal Maceration in an Indian Mongrel Bitch

Uterine rupture and fetal maceration in an 11 year old mongrel bitch was diagnosed via lateral abdominal radiography and ventral midline laparotomy. The treatment of choice in cases of uterine rupture and fetal maceration is bilateral ovariohysterectomy along with plenty of intravenous fluid therapy and broad spectrum antibiotics. Incidences of uterine rupture and fetal maceration can be prevented by timely recognition of early signs of obstetrical-related complications and use of proper obstetrical techniques

Cartilage tissue engineering: Role of mesenchymal stem cells along with growth factors & scaffolds

Articular cartilage injury poses a major challenge for both the patient and orthopaedician. Articular cartilage defects once formed do not regenerate spontaneously, rather replaced by fibrocartilage which is weaker in mechanical competence than the normal hyaline cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) along with different growth factors and scaffolds are currently incorporated in tissue engineering to overcome the deficiencies associated with currently available surgical methods and to facilitate cartilage healing. MSCs, being readily available with a potential to differentiate into chondrocytes which are enhanced by the application of different growth factors, are considered for effective repair of articular cartilage after injury. However, therapeutic application of MSCs and growth factors for cartilage repair remains in its infancy, with no comparative clinical study to that of the other surgical techniques. The present review covers the role of MSCs, growth factors and scaffolds for the repair of articular cartilage injury

Emblica officinalis (Amla) with a Particular Focus on Its Antimicrobial Potentials: A Review

Emblica officinalis Gaertn. or Phyllanthus emblica Linn., popularly called as Indian gooseberry or Amla, is among main herbal plant in Indian traditional medicine. Different parts of E. officinalis are beneficial for curing various ailments but the fruits especially show tremendous pharmacological and medicinal applications. Phytochemical analysis revealed important bioactive chemical compounds such as tannins, alkaloids, polyphenols, gallic acid, ellagic acid, emblicanin A and B, phyllembein, quercetin, ascorbic acids, vitamins and minerals. Different extracts of amla possess potent antimicrobial activities to counter different bacterial pathogens. Amla phytochemicals also possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, hypolipedemic, memory enhancing, anticancer, antidiabetic, antidepressant, anti-ulcerogenic, insecticidal, larvicidal, and wound healing activities. All of these well-established activities can have broad applications in managing most of the diseases affecting human and animal patients. It can either replace the conventional therapeutic agents due to its superior efficacy and lack of side effects or can act an adjunct therapeutic agent thereby enhancing the total efficacy of conventional agents. The biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles from E. officinalis is getting popularity due to the low cost factor along with the enhanced antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles produced. The current review emphasizes on the phytochemical constituents, mechanisms behind the antimicrobial activity and also briefly summarizes other medicinal and therapeutic usefulness of the E. officinalis

Obstructive Urolithiasis in Buffalo Calves and Goats: Incidence and Management

The present study was conducted to acquire detailed information regarding the cases of retention of urine in goats and buffalo calves presented to the Division of Surgery, Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, IVRI-Izatnagar over a period of 8 months. Out of 186 animals presented with the complaint of retention of urine, 82 (44.08 %) were goats and 104 (55.91 %) buffalo calves. A thorough history regarding age, sex, location, feeding, retention type-partial/complete, castration and duration of retention, of all cases was taken. Age of the animals ranged between one and nine months, with young ones being more commonly affected. Gender variations were seen wherein males were mostly affected. More prevalence was found in the extreme summer or winter. Goats castrated at early age were more affected while such observations were not seen in buffalo calves. Cystorrhexis was more common in buffalo calves compared to goats. All the animals were treated on the same day, taken as surgical emergency and tube cystostomy was done. In post-operative period urinary acidifiers were given to dissolve the calculi. Catheter was removed on an average at 13-17 days post surgery after the animals started passing urine normally through the natural orifice, though, in some cases delay in normal urination was observed