Untangling Fine-Grained Code Changes

After working for some time, developers commit their code changes to a version control system. When doing so, they often bundle unrelated changes (e.g., bug fix and refactoring) in a single commit, thus creating a so-called tangled commit. Sharing tangled commits is problematic because it makes review, reversion, and integration of these commits harder and historical analyses of the project less reliable. Researchers have worked at untangling existing commits, i.e., finding which part of a commit relates to which task. In this paper, we contribute to this line of work in two ways: (1) A publicly available dataset of untangled code changes, created with the help of two developers who accurately split their code changes into self contained tasks over a period of four months; (2) a novel approach, EpiceaUntangler, to help developers share untangled commits (aka. atomic commits) by using fine-grained code change information. EpiceaUntangler is based and tested on the publicly available dataset, and further evaluated by deploying it to 7 developers, who used it for 2 weeks. We recorded a median success rate of 91% and average one of 75%, in automatically creating clusters of untangled fine-grained code changes

Studying Software Engineering Patterns for Designing Machine Learning Systems

Machine-learning (ML) techniques have become popular in the recent years. ML techniques rely on mathematics and on software engineering. Researchers and practitioners studying best practices for designing ML application systems and software to address the software complexity and quality of ML techniques. Such design practices are often formalized as architecture patterns and design patterns by encapsulating reusable solutions to commonly occurring problems within given contexts. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no work collecting, classifying, and discussing these software-engineering (SE) design patterns for ML techniques systematically. Thus, we set out to collect good/bad SE design patterns for ML techniques to provide developers with a comprehensive and ordered classification of such patterns. We report here preliminary results of a systematic-literature review (SLR) of good/bad design patterns for ML

Code Smells and Refactoring: A Tertiary Systematic Review of Challenges and Observations

In this paper, we present a tertiary systematic literature review of previous surveys, secondary systematic literature reviews, and systematic mappings. We identify the main observations (what we know) and challenges (what we do not know) on code smells and refactoring. We show that code smells and refactoring have a strong relationship with quality attributes, i.e., with understandability, maintainability, testability, complexity, functionality, and reusability. We argue that code smells and refactoring could be considered as the two faces of a same coin. Besides, we identify how refactoring affects quality attributes, more than code smells. We also discuss the implications of this work for practitioners, researchers, and instructors. We identify 13 open issues that could guide future research work. Thus, we want to highlight the gap between code smells and refactoring in the current state of software-engineering research. We wish that this work could help the software-engineering research community in collaborating on future work on code smells and refactoring

Evaluation de la prise en charge de la bronchiolite aiguë du nourrisson (étude prospective aux urgences pédiatriques de Rennes pendant l'hiver 2011-2012)

La prise en charge de la bronchiolite du nourrisson a fait l'objet de recommandations par l'HAS en 2000. L'étude prospective menée aux urgences pédiatriques de Rennes a inclus 88 enfants de 0 à 2 ans du 01/10/2011 au 31/03/2012 et avait pour objectif d'analyser la prise en charge avant leur admission ainsi qu'aux urgences. Les recommandations sont respectées dans 18% des cas par les médecins généralistes et dans 64% des cas aux urgences. La prescription de DRP, de kinésithérapie, d'antibiotiques si surinfection bactérienne et la non-prescription de mucolytique et d'antitussif semblent bien respectées. Les b2-mimétiques et corticoïdes sont trop souvent prescrits. Le nombre de bronchiolites et la notion d'atopie chez le nourrisson ont tendance à influencer la prescription de corticoïdes. Le faible taux de conformité aux recommandations par les médecins généralistes rennais sera confirmer par une étude à plus grande échelle chez les médecins généralistes d'Ille et Vilaine.In 2000, HAS recommended instructions about management of acute bronchiolitis. This prospective study carried out from October 2011 to March 2012 in the paediatric emergency unit in Rennes included 88 children up to two years. The respect of the recommendations by GP as well as in the emergency unit has been analysed. Recomendations are respected in 18% of cases by GP and in 64% of cases in emergency department. Prescriptions of nasopharyngeal disobliteration, chest physiotherapy, antibiotics in cases of signs of bacterium surinfection, as well as non prescription of mucolytics and cough medicine are respected. However, bronchodilators and corticoids are too often prescribed. The number of bronchiolitis and the atopy notion among infants are likely to influence coritcoids prescription. Our study highlights a low rate of management by GP in Rennes according to the instructions of HAS. Thes results are to be confirmed at the time of large scale study among the Gps of Ille et Vilaine.RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Un cadre pour la traçabilité des motifs de conception

Les patrons de conception sont importants en génie logiciel à objets car ils contribuent à la qualité des programmes. Ils proposent des solutions élégantes à des problèmes récurrents de conception, des motifs utilisés pendant l'implantation. A l'usage, ces motifs de conception sont disséminés dans le code source et ne sont plus explicites lors de la maintenance ; pourtant, ils aideraient à comprendre l'implantation et la conception des programmes, assurant leur qualité. Ce mémoire propose des modèles et des algorithmes pour garantir la traçabilité des motifs de conception entre les phases d'implantation et de rétroconception des programmes par l'identification semi-automatique des micro-architectures similaires à ces motifs dans le code source...NANTES-BU Sciences (441092104) / SudocNANTES-ENS Mines (441092314) / SudocSudocFranceF