10 research outputs found
DeepDyve: Dynamic Verification for Deep Neural Networks
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become one of the enabling technologies in
many safety-critical applications, e.g., autonomous driving and medical image
analysis. DNN systems, however, suffer from various kinds of threats, such as
adversarial example attacks and fault injection attacks. While there are many
defense methods proposed against maliciously crafted inputs, solutions against
faults presented in the DNN system itself (e.g., parameters and calculations)
are far less explored. In this paper, we develop a novel lightweight
fault-tolerant solution for DNN-based systems, namely DeepDyve, which employs
pre-trained neural networks that are far simpler and smaller than the original
DNN for dynamic verification. The key to enabling such lightweight checking is
that the smaller neural network only needs to produce approximate results for
the initial task without sacrificing fault coverage much. We develop efficient
and effective architecture and task exploration techniques to achieve optimized
risk/overhead trade-off in DeepDyve. Experimental results show that DeepDyve
can reduce 90% of the risks at around 10% overhead
Improved Transfer Quality of CVD-Grown Graphene by Ultrasonic Processing of Target Substrates: Applications for Ultra-fast Laser Photonics
In
this paper, we experimentally found that the transfer quality
of CVD-grown graphene could be improved by ultrasonic processing (UP)
of target substrates thanks to the improved hydrophilicity. Atomic
force micrograph and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the graphene
films transferred onto the target substrate with UP possess less wrinkles
and defects than that of the sample without UP. The improvement technique
endows graphene more suitable for photonics applications because of
its weaker optical loss, higher optical damage threshold and longer
stability. By integrating a fiber pigtailed graphene (treated by UP)
device into a fiber laser cavity, we could obtain narrower mode-locked
pulse with higher optical-to-optical conversion efficiency and better
optical spectral profile, in contrast with that without UP, which
further verify the improved transfer quality of graphene by the UP
technique. We anticipate that this transfer technique may be applicable
to boost the performance of other graphene photonics devices, such
as optical modulator, detector, polarizer, etc
Robotic urologic surgery using the KangDuo-Surgical Robot-01 system: A single-center prospective analysis
Abstract.
Background:. The KangDuo-Surgical Robot-01 (KD-SR-01) system is a new surgical robot recently developed in China. The aim of this study was to present our single-center experience and mid-term outcomes of urological procedures using the KD-SR-01 system.
Methods:. From August 2020 to April 2023, consecutive urologic procedures were performed at Peking University First Hospital using the KD-SR-01 system. The clinical features, perioperative data, and follow-up outcomes were prospectively collected and analyzed.
Results:. A total of 110 consecutive patients were recruited. Among these patients, 28 underwent partial nephrectomy (PN), 41 underwent urinary tract reconstruction (26 underwent pyeloplasty, 3 underwent ureteral reconstruction and 12 underwent ureterovesical reimplantation [UR]), and 41 underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). The median operative time for PN was 112.5Â min, 157.0Â min for pyeloplasty, 151.0Â min for ureteral reconstruction, 142.5Â min for UR, and 138.0Â min for RP. The median intraoperative blood loss was 10Â mL for PN, 10Â mL for pyeloplasty, 30Â mL for ureteral reconstruction, 20Â mL for UR, and 50Â mL for RP. All procedures were successfully completed without conversion, and there were no major complications in any patient. The median warm ischemia time of PN was 17.3Â min, and positive surgical margin was not noted in any patient. The overall positive surgical margin rate of RP was 39% (16/41), and no biochemical recurrence was observed in any RP patient during the median follow-up of 11.0 months. The surgical success rates of pyeloplasty and UR were 96% (25/26) and 92% (11/12) during the median follow-up of 29.5 months and 11.5 months, respectively.
Conclusion:. The KD-SR-01 system appears feasible, safe, and effective for most urological procedures, based on our single-center experience
Ocular conjunctival inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 can cause mild COVID-19 in rhesus macaques
SARS-CoV-2 mainly transmits via respiratory droplets. Here Deng et al. show that SARS-CoV-2 can infect rhesus macaques via ocular conjunctival inoculation
Widely tunable microwave photonic filter based on self-adaptive optical carrier regeneration
Ageârelated rhesus macaque models of COVIDâ19
BACKGROUND:
Since December 2019, an outbreak of the Corona Virus disease 2019 (COVIDâ19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSâCoVâ2) in Wuhan, China, has become a public health emergency of international concern. The high fatality of aged cases caused by SARSâCoVâ2 was a need to explore the possible ageârelated phenomena with nonâhuman primate models.
METHODS:
Three 3â5 years old and two 15 years old rhesus macaques were intratracheally infected with SARSâCoVâ2, and then analyzed by clinical signs, viral replication, chest Xâray, histopathological changes and immune response.
RESULTS:
Viral replication of nasopharyngeal swabs, anal swabs and lung in old monkeys was more active than that in young monkeys for 14 days after SARSâCoVâ2 challenge. Monkeys developed typical interstitial pneumonia characterized by thickened alveolar septum accompanied with inflammation and edema, notably, old monkeys exhibited diffuse severe interstitial pneumonia. Viral antigens were detected mainly in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages.
CONCLUSION:
SARSâCoVâ2 caused more severe interstitial pneumonia in old monkeys than that in young monkeys. Rhesus macaque models infected with SARSâCoVâ2 provided insight into the pathogenic mechanism and facilitated the development of vaccines and therapeutics against SARSâCoVâ2 infection