Regularization dependence of pion generalised parton distributions

Pion generalised parton distributions are calculated within the framework of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model using different regularization schemes, including the proper time regularization scheme, the three dimensional momentum cutoff scheme, the four dimensional momentum cutoff scheme, and the Pauli-Villars regularization scheme. Furthermore, we check the theoretical constraints of pion generalised parton distributions required by the symmetries of quantum chromodynamics in different regularization schemes. The diagrams of pion parton distribution functions are plotted, in addition, we evaluate the Mellin moments of generalised parton distributions, which related to the electromagnetic and gravitational form factors of pion. Pion generalised parton distributions are continuous but not differential at $x=\pm \,\xi$, when considering the effect of D-term, generalised parton distributions become not continuous at $x=\pm \,\xi$ in all the four regularization schemes. Generalised parton distributions in impact parameter space are considered, the width distribution of $u$ quark in the pion and the mean-squared $\langle \mathbf{b}_{\bot}^2\rangle_{\pi}^u$ are calculated. The light-front transverse-spin distributions are studied, when quark polarized in the light-front-transverse $+\,x$ direction, the transverse-spin density is no longer symmetric around $(b_x=0,b_y=0)$, the peaks shift to $(b_x=0,b_y>0)$, we compare the average transverse shift $\langle b_{\bot}^y\rangle_1^u$ and $\langle b_{\bot}^y\rangle_2^u$ in different regularization schemes. The light-cone energy radius $r_{E,LC}$ and the light-cone charge radius $r_{c,LC}$ are also evaluated, we find that in the proper time regularization scheme the values of these quantities are the largest, in the three dimensional momentum cutoff scheme they are the smallest.Comment: 34 pages, 39 figure

Nonclassical photon-pair source based on noiseless photon echo

The Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller (DLCZ) scheme is a potential method to establish remote entanglements and realize large-scale quantum networks. Here we propose a DLCZ-like scheme based on the noiseless photon echo in rare-earth ion-doped crystals. Correlated photon pairs with a controllable delay can be created by the direct optical rephasing. Theoretical analysis indicates that the protocol is efficient in the low-optical-depth regime. This protocol could be feasibly implemented to establish long-lived quantum correlations between a photon and a spin-wave excitation in rare-earth ion-doped crystals

Hábitos alimenticios de Calanus sinicus (Crustacea: Copepoda) durante primavera y otoño en el mar Bohai, investigados mediante un índice de herbivoría

Pigment ingestion rate (PIR) and egg production rate (EPR) of the dominant copepod Calanus sinicus, as well as chlorophyll-a concentration and phytoplankton assemblages were measured in the Bohai Sea, North China in June 1997, October 1998 and May 1999. A herbivore index (H) was also calculated as the carbon specific ratio of PIR and EPR, in order to investigate its feeding habits in the spring and autumn phytoplankton bloom respectively. On average, chlorophyll-a concentration was relatively similar (1-1.34 mg m-3) in the three cruises, but PIR was quite different. It was 3.24 µg C female-1 d-1 in October, equivalent to one half of the PIR for June and one third of the PIR for May. Average EPR was highest in May, and quite similar during the other two months. According to H values, herbivorous feeding contributed 100% of the egg production of C. sinicus in June, 82.5% in May, but only 47.8% in October. It is possible that omnivorous feeding of C. sinicus in October was induced by a prevalence of large-sized diatoms and sufficient non-phytoplankton food resources during the autumn bloom period.La tasa de ingestión de pigmentos (PIR) y la tasa de producción de huevos (EPR) del copépodo dominante Calanus sinicus ha sido determinada, conjuntamente con la concentración de clorofila- a y la composición del fitoplancton, en el mar de Bohai, norte de China, en junio 1997, octubre 1998 y mayo 1999. Para investigar los hábitos alimenticios durante los blooms de fitoplancton de primavera y otoño se ha determinado un índice de herbivoría (H), calculado como el cociente de las tasas específicas PIR y EPR en carbono. En promedio, la concentración de clorofila-a fue relativamente similar (1-1,34 mg m-3) en las tres campañas oceanográficas. Pero los valores de PIR difirieron bastante, variando desde 3,24 μg C hembra-1 d-1 en octubre a valores un medio y un tercio de dicho valor, respectivamente, en junio y mayo. Los valores promedio de EPR fueron máximos en mayo, y bastante similares durante los otros dos meses. Según los valores del índice H obtenidos, la herbivoría contribuyó un 100% en la producción de huevos de C. sinicus en junio y un 82,5% en mayo, mientras que sólo explicó un 47,8% de la producción de huevos en octubre. este estudio sugiere que la alimentación omnivora de C. sinicus en octubre fue inducida por la prevalencia de diatomeas de gran tamaño y la presencia suficiente de alimento no fitoplanctónico durante el periodo del bloom otoñal.

An adolescent with primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma: a case report and literature review

Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL) differs from follicular lymphoma in biological behavior and molecular profile and is treated as a distinct entity, according to the 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid tumors. It is an uncommon cutaneous B-cell lymphoma that is considerably rare in children and adolescents. To date, only 13 cases of individuals younger than 20 years of age have been reported in the literature. The lack of relevant clinical epidemiological data in this population has hampered the investigation of its clinical and diagnostic aspects. Here we report the case of a 17-year-old male with PCFCL, who may be the first PCFCL patient under 20 years of age reported in China. He was admitted to the hospital with a solitary nodule on his face. After complete surgical excision, the patient’s facial mass was histologically identified as PCFCL. The patient’s prognosis was favorable, with no recurrence at 17 months of follow-up after the surgical resection. We present a case of an adolescent PCFCL patient and systematically review the literature with a view to increase the awareness of the disease and inform the diagnosis and treatment of this age group

Immune Signatures in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris of Blood-Heat Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective. To determine whether immunological serum markers IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, IL-23, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 are elevated or decreased in patients compared with healthy controls. Methods. A complete search of the literature on this topic within the past 30 years was conducted across seven databases. Seventeen studies including 768 individuals were identified. Differences in serum marker levels between subjects and controls were pooled as MDs using the random-effects model. Results. The pooled MDs were higher in patients than in healthy controls for IFN-γ (MD 24.9, 95% CI 12.36–37.43), IL-17 (MD 28.92, 95% CI 17.44–40.40), IL-23 (MD 310.60, 95% CI 4.96–616.24), and TNF-α (MD 19.84, 95% CI 13.80–25.87). Pooled IL-4 (MD −13.5, 95% CI −17.74–−9.26) and IL-10 (MD −10.33, 95% CI −12.03–−8.63) levels were lower in patients. Conclusion. The pooled analyses suggest that levels of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-α are significantly elevated and that levels of IL-4 and IL-10 are significantly decreased in sera of patients with psoriasis vulgaris of blood-heat syndrome. Measuring progression of blood-heat syndrome of psoriasis vulgaris will require additional high-quality data, with a low risk of bias and adequate sample sizes, before and after antipsoriatic therapy