Deformations of Existing Buildings, Caused by Construction Activities

Construction of a new building (NB) affects existing adjacent old buildings (OB) during pit excavation, piling, footing and NB erection. Two relevant history cases are described. In the first one, the graphs of OB settlements versus distance from the pit are given for the period of pit excavation and the total settlements for the period of NB erection. The second case gives the family of OB settlement time-related graphs versus distance from the pit, in which these settlements were caused by piling operations

Crude Oil Distillation with Superheated Water Steam: Parametrical Sensitivity and Optimization

Stability of crude oil distillation units was analyzed with mathematical models developed using Aspen Hysys. Parametrical sensitivities of light fractions yields, heat duties and steam load of column trays to perturbations of superheated steam flow rate were estimated. Objective function based on the light products yields and energy consumption for distillation was formed. The maxima of the objective function were calculated depending on operational parameters and flow rate of water steam

Thrust Vector Control within a Geometric Sphere, and the Use of Euler's Tips to Create Jet Technology

This study aims to study the issues of choosing promising directions for the development of jet technology with the creation of energy-conserving technologies. The purpose of this article is to study the issues of choosing promising directions for the development of jet technology with the creation of energy-saving. Methodological approaches have been developed for solving inventive problems within the framework of training modern designers-inventors. A new patentable jet unit has been developed and presented, which makes it possible to control the thrust vector within a complete geometric sphere (when the thrust vector is capable of deviating to any angle ranging from +180° to -180°). For the first time, demonstration versions of a nozzle apparatus capable of realizing such flow reversals through annular channels are shown. The results of computer modeling of nozzle devices are focused on energy, production, and processing of hydrocarbons when distributing energy flows at process facilities. The individual results of the ongoing work can also be used in other industries, for instance, in the creation of small-sized high-speed unmanned vehicles for search and rescue operations. Proposals have been prepared to improve the methodology for solving inventive problems as part of the development of Leonard Euler’s ideas. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-10-011 Full Text: PD

Silica Nanospheres Coated by Ultrasmall Ag⁰Nanoparticles for Oxidative Catalytic Application

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. The present work introduces optimal modifiсation of core-shell composite nanomaterial, where small (2–8 nm) Ag 0 nanoparticles are deposited onto large (about 140 nm) silica spheres for application in oxidative catalysis. The size of Ag 0 and density of its deposition onto silica spheres was modified by the post treatment of initially deposited Ag 0 (about 30 nm) by hydrogen peroxide in specific conditions. The comparison of catalytic effect of the post-treated and initial SN-Ag 0 in electrochemical phosphonation of benzo(thia)oxazoles by diethyl phosphite in oxidative conditions revealed the difference between the composite nanoparticles. In particular, the post-treated SNs-Ag 0 nanoparticles exhibit efficient catalytic effect in oxidative conditions resulting in facile and green method for synthesis of phosphonated benzooxa(thia)zoles, while no catalytic effect is observed under the use of larger Ag 0 nanoparticles deposited onto silica spheres. The use of Ag 0 -based nanomaterial in oxidative catalysis had been never demonstrated before

Redox trends in cyclometalated palladium(II) complexes

© The Royal Society of Chemistry.A series of diverse binuclear and mononuclear cyclometalated palladium(ii) complexes of different structure was investigated by electrochemical techniques combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The studies including cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, X-ray structure analysis and quantum chemical calculations revealed a regularity of the complexes oxidation potential on the metal-metal distance in the complexes: the larger Pd-Pd distance, the higher oxidation potentials. The reduction potentials feature unusually high negative values while no correlation depending on the structure could be observed. These results are in a good agreement with the electron density distribution in the complexes. Additionally, ESR data obtained for the complexes upon oxidation is reported

Redox trends in cyclometalated palladium(II) complexes

© The Royal Society of Chemistry. A series of diverse binuclear and mononuclear cyclometalated palladium(ii) complexes of different structure was investigated by electrochemical techniques combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The studies including cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, X-ray structure analysis and quantum chemical calculations revealed a regularity of the complexes oxidation potential on the metal-metal distance in the complexes: the larger Pd-Pd distance, the higher oxidation potentials. The reduction potentials feature unusually high negative values while no correlation depending on the structure could be observed. These results are in a good agreement with the electron density distribution in the complexes. Additionally, ESR data obtained for the complexes upon oxidation is reported

Характеристика COVID-19 у детей: первый опыт работы в стационаре Санкт-Петербурга

Objective: to identify the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of the new coronavirus (CV) infection in the provision of specialized medical care to children in the megalopolis of the Russian Federation. Methods: 674 cases of hospitalization of patients from birth to 17 years old inclusive with confirmed COVID-19 in the period from March 26 to June 26, 2020 in a children’s multidisciplinary hospital in St. Petersburg. Diagnostics of SARS-COV-2 in upper respiratory tract (URT) smears was carried out by PCR (a set of reagents for detecting RNA of coronavirus 2019-nCoV by PCR with hybridization-fluorescence detection “Vector-PCRRV-2019-nCoV-RG”). Patients underwent 4 (3; 5) repeated examinations depending on the diagnosis of the referral, as well as the duration of the convalescent virus carriage. The analysis of the severity of the course of the disease, the main clinical manifestations and their relationship with the development of pneumonia, as well as the epidemiological features of COVID-19 in children. The duration of inpatient treatment, outcomes and the need for intensive care are described. Changes in a number of laboratory parameters on analyzers made in the USA were assessed: a clinical blood test on a hematological one - Coulter UniCel (Beckman Coulter), a biochemical blood test on a biochemical one - Uni Cel DxC (Beckman Coulter), a coagulogram on a hemostasis analyzer (Instrumentation Laboratory). Results: Overall, there was a favorable course of COVID-19 in children. Intensive therapy was required only in 3.6% of cases with a total mortality rate of 0.15%, Kawasakilike syndrome was recorded in 0.3% of cases. In 1/3 of patients, prolonged viral shedding from the upper respiratory tract was detected. In children, intrafamilial infection from adults was in the lead; schoolchildren accounted for half of all hospitalizations. A distinctive feature of the new infection was mild clinical symptoms with fever and catarrhal symptoms up to 4/5 of cases, gastrointestinal symptoms - in every third patient. There were no significant differences in the severity of the disease by age. Pneumonia, diagnosed in ¾ cases by computed tomography, complicated the course in 13.1% of cases. The defeat of the lungs was accompanied by fever and dry cough, and in a more severe course: desaturation, chest pains, a feeling of insufficiency of inspiration. The age peaks of the incidence of pneumonia were revealed: at 4, 9, 12 years old and at the age of 17 years, the maximum (in 1/3 of cases). Laboratory changes were insignificant and quickly reversible. Conclusion: the course of COVID-19 in children in the megalopolis of Russia is comparable with foreign information. However, taking into account the experience of “Spanish ‘flu”, it is possible that in pediatric practice the number of severe forms and unfavorable outcomes may change in the near future, especially due to the difficulty of diagnosing Kawasaki-like syndrome and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of such patients. Currently, the most vulnerable to the new CV are children with severe oncological, neurological and cardiovascular pathology, who have a rapid decompensation of the underlying disease against the background of COVID-19.Цель: выявить клинико-лабораторные и эпидемиологические особенности новой коронавирусной инфекции при оказании специализированной медицинской помощи детям в мегаполисе Российской Федерации. Материалы и методы: 674 случая госпитализации пациентов от рождения до 17 лет включительно с подтвержденным COVID-19 в период с 26 марта по 26 июня 2020 г. в детский многопрофильный стационар СанктПетербурга. Диагностика SARS-COV-2 в мазках из верхних дыхательных путей проводилась методом ПЦР (набор реагентов для выявления РНК коронавируса 2019- nCoV методом ПЦР с гибридизационно-флуоресцентной детекцией «Вектор-ПЦРРВ-2019-nCoV–RG»). Пациентам выполнено 4 (3; 5) повторных исследования в зависимости от диагноза направления, а также длительности реконвалесцентного вирусоносительства. Проведен анализ тяжести течения заболевания, основных клинических проявлений и их взаимосвязи с развитием пневмонии, а также эпидемиологических особенностей COVID-19 у детей. Описана продолжительность стационарного лечения, исходы и потребность в интенсивной терапии. Оценены изменения ряда лабораторных показателей на анализаторах производства США: клинический анализ крови на гематологическом – Coulter UniCel (Beckman Coulter), биохимический анализ крови на биохимическом – Uni Cel DxC (Beckman Coulter), коагулограмма на анализаторе гемостаза (Instrumentation Laboratory). Результаты: в целом, отмечено благоприятное течение COVID-19 у детей. Интенсивная терапия потребовалась лишь в 3,6% случаев с общей летальностью 0,15%, Кавасаки-подобный синдром зафиксирован в 0,3% случаев. У 1/3 пациентов выявлено затяжное вирусовыделение из верхних дыхательных путей. У детей лидировало внутрисемейное заражение от взрослых, школьники составили половину всех случаев госпитализации. Отличительной чертой новой инфекции была неяркая клиническая симптоматика с лихорадкой и катаральными симптомами до 4/5 случаев, желудочно-кишечными симптомами – у каждого третьего пациента. Значимых различий в тяжести заболевания по возрастам выявлено не было. Пневмония, диагностированная в ¾ случаев с помощью компьютерной томографии, осложняла течение в 13,1% случаев. Поражение легких сопровождалось лихорадкой и сухим кашлем, а при более тяжелом течении – десатурацией, болями в грудной клетке, чувством неполноценности вдоха. Выявлены возрастные пики заболеваемости пневмонией: в 4, 9, 12 лет и в возрасте 17 лет максимальный (в 1/3 случаев). Изменения лабораторных показателей были несущественными и быстро обратимыми. Заключение: течение COVID-19 у детей в мегаполисе России сопоставимо с зарубежными данными. Однако, учитывая опыт испанки, не исключено, что в педиатрической практике число тяжелых форм и неблагоприятных исходов может измениться в ближайшем будущем, особенно по причине сложности диагностики Кавасакиподобного синдрома и необходимости мультидисциплинарного подхода к терапии таких пациентов. В настоящее время наиболее уязвимыми в отношении нового коронавируса являются дети с тяжелой онкологической, неврологической и сердечно-сосудистой патологией, у которых происходит быстрая декомпенсация основного заболевания на фоне COVID-19

Site-directed modification of DNA duplexes by chemical ligation.

The efficiency of chemical ligation method have been demonstrated by assembling a number of DNA duplexes with modified sugar phosphate backbone. Condensation on a tetradecanucleotide template of hexa(penta)- and undecanucleotides differing only in the terminal nucleoside residue have been performed using water-soluble carbodiimide as a condensing agent. As was shown by comparing the efficiency of chemical ligation of single-strand breaks in those duplexes, the reaction rate rises 70 or 45 times if the 3'-OH group is substituted with an amino or phosphate group (the yield of products with a phosphoramidate or pyrophosphate bond is 96-100% in 6 d). Changes in the conformation of reacting groups caused by mismatched base pairs (A.A, A.C) as well as the hybrid rU.dA pair or an unpaired base make the template-directed condensation less effective. The thermal stability of DNA duplexes was assayed before and after the chemical ligation. Among all of the modified duplexes, only the duplex containing 3'-rU in the nick was found to be a substrate of T4 DNA ligase