Intensification of paraffin wax separation from oilstocks by static crystallization

The possibility of paraffin wax separation from the high-boiling slack wax by static crystallization has been studied. Gas chromatographic analysis of individual hydrocarbon composition of the high boiling slack wax and its structural-group compos ition by the method of IR Fourier spectroscopy has been determined, experiments on the de-oiling on installation that simulates the operation of industrial crystallizers has been done. It is established that the de-oiling process of the high-boiling slack wax by static crystallization is obtained tightened in time and economically impractical. It has been proposed to introduce the paraffin oil from low-boiling slack wax as a diluent for the high boiling slack. Physical and chemical analysis of individual raw material components and their mixtures has been determined, the process of de-oiling by static crystallization has been done. The introduction of the paraffin oil from low-boiling slack wax into the high-boiling slack wax reduces the time and the temperature of partial melting phase of static crystallization without worsening the quality of the melt. As a result, the static crystallization goes faster and different technological costs are reduced

Influence of polar solvents on the straight distillation of crude oil

It is offered to use for activation of oil raw materials of an additive of polar organic solvents. It is shown that for a preliminary estimate of activating action of additives it is possible to use results of the comparative analysis of properties of asphaltenes, allocated of the samples of oil not containing and containing an additive, before distillation

Features of liquid phase oxidation of tar in the presence of modifiers-catalysts

Modifiers that provide catalytic effect in the tar oxidation were cons idered. The use of iron stearate, cobalt salts as modifiers was studied. The modifier concentration in the tar amounted to 5.0% by weight. The tar modification effect on the oxidation kinetics was defined. The relationships between oxidation rate constants and oxidation time were analyzed for the modifiers-catalysts. It was demonstrated that modifiers which contained salts of metals with variable valence had the catalytic or inhibitory effect on the oxidation, depending on the modifier concentration in the tar. It was shown that the addition of modifiers-catalysts effects on the quality characteristics of the oxidized bitumen. The relationships between softening point and penetration were determined for oxidized bitumen from the modified or unmodified tar. The article presents a comparison of oxidized bitumen derived from modified tar by modifiers-catalysts in the optimal concentration. modifier nature was the main factor determining the effectiveness of modifiers, which affected the structure of the oil system. Inhibitory and catalytic effects on the oxidation were executed by the addition of brown coal pyrolysis resins and oil shale py rolysis resins, respectively. Analysis of the kinetic curves allowed establishing the following: iron stearate had the greatest effect on the oxidation process, the effect allowed to increase rate constant to 8.7 times. It has been established that the addition of cobalt modifier can improve the thermal-oxidative stability of the oxidized bitumen

Viscosimetric studies of water and water-salt solution of polyethylene glycol

The complex analysis of a state of PEG macromolecules of various molecular weights in water and water-salt solutions is carried out. Temperature factors, the constants characterizing intermolecular interaction in these systems are defined. The intrinsic viscosity is defined with the use of the various linear extrapolation equations. Influence of temperature and electrolytes on thermodynamic properties in PEG – water and PEG – water-salt solution systems is shown

The oxidized bitumens from the modified raw materials

The effect of modification of tar by iron (III) stearate on the rate of the oxidation process and the quality of oxidized bitumen has been studied. The dependences of the softening temperature of bitumen upon the oxidation time, the dynamic viscosity of bitumen on the temperature have been obtained. Penetration, penetration index, group composition and thermal-oxidative stability of oxidized bitumen modified by iron (III) stearate have been determined. It was determined that small quantities of a modifier (up to 1.5 wt %) in the raw material don’t influence the rate of oxidation, and with increasing content of the modifier in the raw material the rate of the process is increased by 1.6–4.0 times

Modification of oil sludge by highly dispersed carbonaceous additive

The effect of modification of tar by highly carbonaceous additives on the rate of the oxidation process and the quality of oxidized bitumen has been studied. The dependences of the softening temperature of bitumen from the oxidation time have beenobtained. Penetration, penetration index of oxidized bitumen modified with highly carbonaceous additives tar fractions have been determined. The relaxation characteristics of oxidized bitumen: dependences of the relaxation time and the width of the temperature range of the duration of the process of oxidation have been obtained. It has been established that the rate of the process of obtaining oxidized bitumen increases with the number entered modifier by reducing the induction period

Applying additive-modifiers in dewaxing raffinate process

Dewaxing petroleum oil raffinates is carried out by low-temperature rectification in sovents acetone – toluene. To intensify the process as an additive-modifier we used ε -caprolactam. Analysis of structural-group composition dewaxed raffinate by infrared spectroscopy showed that in the presence of ε -caprolactam selectivity of dewaxing is increased due to smaller content slack aromatic, branched paraffins and oxygenates structures. However, if the content of ε -caprolactam > 1 wt % selectivity of separation is reduced, apparently by increasing solvent power system acetone – toluene ( ε -caprolactam)

Influence of additives – oil tar modifiers on the oxidized bitumen adhesion to mineral materials

Petroleum tar was exposed to microwave irradiation or added with isopropyl alcohol and then oxidized to paving bitumen. The bitumen adhesion to mineral materials was investigated. Either of the two kinds of treatment enhanced the bitumen adhesion to marble chips and sand. The adhesion to the marble chips ran up to 5 points in contrast to 3 point of the sand adhesion magnitude. Addition of the alcohol to the tar promotes rise in alcohol benzene and benzene resins content in resulting bitumen to the greater exnent then the microwave irradiation which leads to reinforcing its bond with marble chips and sand

Application of paraffin emulsion as apolar co-reagent during sylvinite flotation process

The research is devoted to finding more affordable apolar reagent paraffinic base for their use in the process of potash ore flotation, as well as improve the form in which the reagent is introduced into the flotation process. Found that the introduction of paraffinic oil flotation system in the form of emulsions provides extraction of potassium chloride at a level comparable to the same period of the industrial process

Features of liquid phase oxidation of tar in the presence of modifiers-catalysts

Modifiers that provide catalytic effect in the tar oxidation were cons idered. The use of iron stearate, cobalt salts as modifiers was studied. The modifier concentration in the tar amounted to 5.0% by weight. The tar modification effect on the oxidation kinetics was defined. The relationships between oxidation rate constants and oxidation time were analyzed for the modifiers-catalysts. It was demonstrated that modifiers which contained salts of metals with variable valence had the catalytic or inhibitory effect on the oxidation, depending on the modifier concentration in the tar. It was shown that the addition of modifiers-catalysts effects on the quality characteristics of the oxidized bitumen. The relationships between softening point and penetration were determined for oxidized bitumen from the modified or unmodified tar. The article presents a comparison of oxidized bitumen derived from modified tar by modifiers-catalysts in the optimal concentration. modifier nature was the main factor determining the effectiveness of modifiers, which affected the structure of the oil system. Inhibitory and catalytic effects on the oxidation were executed by the addition of brown coal pyrolysis resins and oil shale py rolysis resins, respectively. Analysis of the kinetic curves allowed establishing the following: iron stearate had the greatest effect on the oxidation process, the effect allowed to increase rate constant to 8.7 times. It has been established that the addition of cobalt modifier can improve the thermal-oxidative stability of the oxidized bitumen