Alien Registration- Grounder, Elizabeth M. (Saco, York County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/3835/thumbnail.jp

Persistence and visibility of group faultlines: the effects of team identity on the group faultlines-conflict link

We expand the group faultline theory by taking into account the relative importance of various demographics within the group that can trigger the formation of strong group faultlines. We draw on group faultline theory (Lau & Murnighan, 1998), social identity and categorization theories (Turner & Tajfel, 1986), social dominance theory (Sidanius & Pratto, 1999), and evolutionary psychology (Kurzban & Leary, 2001) to predict how group faultlines affect conflict. We propose that the visible demographic characteristics (age, race, and gender) will be more influential than the non-visible (education, tenure, and function) in determining the interaction patterns within the group (Thatcher & Jehn, 1998). We use the persistence argument from evolutionary psychological theory to further examine the relative importance of the demographics within the subgroups of non-visible and visible characteristics (Kurzban & Leary, 2001). Persistency is defined as the length of time a certain characteristic has been incorporated into society and, based on evolutionary psychology, we propose that gender is more influential than race because gender differences appeared earlier in human society than race differences (Kurzban, Tooby, & Cosmides, 2001). Similarly, we view tenure as more influential than education and function because it can be viewed as a manifestation of experience, which has long been valued in human society. We propose that models where we adjust for the relative influence of demographic characteristics based on our theory will have a better predictive caliber than when all characteristics are weighted equally. We also consider the moderating effects of group culture and team identity on the relationship between group faultlines and conflict. In particular, group culture and team identity will either inflate or deflate the potency of each demographic characteristic on conflict. That is, group faultlines will have less impact on conflict when there is a stong group culture and strong team identity. Specifically in this case, we examine an organizational culture focused on change

Intent among Parents to Vaccinate Children before Pediatric COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations, Minnesota and Los Angeles County, California—May–September 2021

Objectives: This study assessed the associations between parent intent to have their child receive the COVID-19 vaccination, and demographic factors and various child activities, including attendance at in-person education or childcare. Methods: Persons undergoing COVID-19 testing residing in Minnesota and Los Angeles County, California with children aged <12 years completed anonymous internet-based surveys between 10 May and 6 September 2021 to assess factors associated with intention to vaccinate their child. Factors influencing the parents’ decision to have their child attend in-person school or childcare were examined. Estimated adjusted odds rations (AORs, 95% CI) were computed between parents’ intentions regarding children’s COVID-19 vaccination and participation in school and extra-curricular activities using multinomial logistic regression. Results: Compared to parents intending to vaccinate their children (n = 4686 [77.2%]), those undecided (n = 874 [14.4%]) or without intention to vaccinate (n = 508 [8.4%]) tended to be younger, non-White, less educated, and themselves not vaccinated against COVID-19. Their children more commonly participated in sports (aOR:1.51 1.17–1.95) and in-person faith or community activities (aOR:4.71 3.62–6.11). A greater proportion of parents without intention to vaccinate (52.5%) indicated that they required no more information to make their decision in comparison to undecided parents (13.2%). They further indicated that additional information regarding vaccine safety and effectiveness would influence their decision. COVID-19 mitigation measures were the most common factors influencing parents’ decision to have their child attend in-person class or childcare. Conclusions: Several demographic and socioeconomic factors are associated with parents’ decision whether to vaccinate their <12-year-old children for COVID-19. Child participation in in-person activities was associated with parents’ intentions not to vaccinate. Tailored communications may be useful to inform parents’ decisions regarding the safety and effectiveness of vaccination