Representative sample of flow cytometric evaluation of the CD14 and CD16 expression on isolated monocytes from a healthy control (left panel) and a hemodialysis patient (right panel).

<p>According to the CD14 and CD16 fluorescence intensity three gates are drawn containing the CD14⁺⁺CD16^-, the CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ and the CD14⁺CD16⁺⁺ monocyte subpopulations respectively. Hemodialysis patients show a decreased proportion of CD14⁺⁺CD16^- and an increase of CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ and CD14⁺CD16⁺⁺ monocytes.</p

Quantitative RT-PCR data for CD16 mRNA expression (A) and CX3CR1 mRNA expression (B) in the 4 study groups; control (n = 9), CVE (n = 10), CKD5HD (n = 10), CKD5HD/CVE (n = 10).

<p>* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. control; ° p < 0.05, °° p < 0.01 vs. CVE.</p

Control of the purity in the consecutive steps of the isolation procedure of monocytes.

<p>Whole blood (A); peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated after density gradient centrifugation (B); monocytes (C) and lymphocytes (D) isolated by MACS CD14 microbeads.</p

Subject characteristics.

<p>Values reported are mean ± SEM when normally distributed, otherwise median and range (in parentheses) are given.</p><p>*** <i>p</i> < 0.001</p><p>** <i>p</i> < 0.01</p><p>* <i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. control</p><p>^°°°<i>p</i> < 0.001</p><p>^°°<i>p</i> < 0.01</p><p>^°<i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. CVE</p><p>No significant differences were found between CKD5HD and CKD5HD/CVE.</p><p>Abbreviations: CVE: patients with eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73m² and a history of cardiovascular event; CKD5HD: hemodialysis patients without previous cardiovascular event; CKD5HD/CVE: hemodialysis patients with a previous cardiovascular event; CRP: C-reactive protein; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; NA: not applicable</p><p>Subject characteristics.</p

Percentages and absolute numbers of CD14⁺⁺CD16^-, CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ and CD14⁺CD16⁺⁺ monocyte subsets in studied subjects.

<p>MFI: mean fluorescence intensity</p><p>**P<0.01</p><p>*P<0.05 vs control</p><p>°°p<0.01</p><p>°P<0.05 vs CVE</p><p>Percentages and absolute numbers of CD14⁺⁺CD16^-, CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ and CD14⁺CD16⁺⁺ monocyte subsets in studied subjects.</p

List of differentially expressed genes in the comparison CKD5HD/CVE vs CVE but not in the comparison CVE vs control by the custom cDNA array in isolated monocytes with a fold-change ≥ 2.0 and a p-value ≤ 0.01.

<p>List of differentially expressed genes in the comparison CKD5HD/CVE vs CVE but not in the comparison CVE vs control by the custom cDNA array in isolated monocytes with a fold-change ≥ 2.0 and a p-value ≤ 0.01.</p