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The Research of Low-Molecular Protectors in Taraxacum Officinale Wigg. in Connection with Mining Waste Utilization

This paper presents a research on the content of low-molecular metabolites possessing protecting properties (free proline, reducing sugars, succinic acid) in Taraxacum officinale Wigg. which grows on the mining wastes of Kedrovsky open pit in Kemerovo region. The paper also researches the topic of relation between the content of the above substances and morphometric characteristics of the plant such as weight of leaves and roots, length of roots and surface area of leaves. In the course of the research in was established that adverse edaphic effects of mining waste cause adaptive changes of Taraxacum, which affect the plant on biochemical and organ level. As for biochemical level the increase in content of low-molecular protectors in leaves and roots was revealed. As for organ level the evident reduction of morphometric characteristics (weight of leaves and roots, length of root, surface area of leaf) was revealed which can be interpreted as an evidence of xerophytesation increasing the plant’s survivability in hostile environment. The revealed adaptive changes described above form the plant’s resistance to the extreme environmental factors and present an evidence of plant’s ability to fully conduct its vital functions in the conditions of the mining waste

The Research of Low-Molecular Protectors in Taraxacum Officinale Wigg. in Connection with Mining Waste Utilization

This paper presents a research on the content of low-molecular metabolites possessing protecting properties (free proline, reducing sugars, succinic acid) in Taraxacum officinale Wigg. which grows on the mining wastes of Kedrovsky open pit in Kemerovo region. The paper also researches the topic of relation between the content of the above substances and morphometric characteristics of the plant such as weight of leaves and roots, length of roots and surface area of leaves. In the course of the research in was established that adverse edaphic effects of mining waste cause adaptive changes of Taraxacum, which affect the plant on biochemical and organ level. As for biochemical level the increase in content of low-molecular protectors in leaves and roots was revealed. As for organ level the evident reduction of morphometric characteristics (weight of leaves and roots, length of root, surface area of leaf) was revealed which can be interpreted as an evidence of xerophytesation increasing the plant’s survivability in hostile environment. The revealed adaptive changes described above form the plant’s resistance to the extreme environmental factors and present an evidence of plant’s ability to fully conduct its vital functions in the conditions of the mining waste

Ecosystem of Medicinal Plants Species and Potential of Growing on the Dumps of Kedrovsky Surface Mine (Kemerovo Region)

The medicinal flora of phytocenosis “Yuzhny” waste dump Kedrovsky coal mine pit in Kemerovo region was studied. It has been established that 51 species of medicinal plants belonging to 46 genus and 27 families grow on the waste dump. They are permitted for use in official medicine and included in the Medicines State Register in the territory of the Russian Federation. The most of medicinal plants species are represented by forest (39.22%), ruderal (27.45%) and meadow (23.53%) vegetation, which in general is 90.2% of the identified medicinal plants number. The share of semi-aquatic and steppe vegetation accounts for 7.84% and 1.96%, respectively. It has been established that perennial herbaceous plants (25 species) predominate in the life forms composition; shrubs and trees account for 7 and 9 species, respectively. Researches were established a group of medicinal plants with resource potential and interest in raw materials procurement. This group include 13 herbaceous plants (Achillea millefolium L., Viola arvensis Murr., Polygonum aviculare L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Fragaria vesca L., Verbascum thapsus L., Urtica dioica L., Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim., Tussilago farfara L., Taraxacum officinale Web., Tanacetum vulgare L., Plantago major L., Artemisia absinthium L.), 5 shurbs (Crataеgus sanguínea Pall., Hippophaë rhamnoides L., Rosa accicularis Lindl., Rosa majalis Herm., Viburnum opulus L.) and 5 trees ( Betula pendula Roth., Betula pubesccens Ehrh., Padus avium Mill., Sorbus sibirica Hedl., Pinus sylbestris L.)

Enzymatic and bactericidal activity of myeloperoxidase in conditions of halogenative stress

Myeloperoxidase (MPO), found mainly in neutrophils, is released in inflammation. MPO produces reactive halogen species (RHS) which are bactericidal agents. However, RHS overproduction, i.e. halogenative stress, can also damage host biomolecules, and MPO itself may be targeted by RHS. Therefore, we examined the susceptibility of MPO to inactivation by its primary products (HOCl, HOBr, HOSCN) and secondary products such as taurine monochloramine (TauCl) and monobromamine (TauBr). MPO was dose-dependently inhibited up to complete inactivity by treatment with HOCl or HOBr. TauBr diminished the activity but did not eliminate it. TauCl had no effect. MPO became inactivated when producing HOCl or HOBr, but not HOSCN. Taurine protected MPO against inactivation when MPO was catalyzing oxidation of Cl‾ to HOCl, whereas taurine failed to prevent inactivation when MPO was working with Br‾, either alone or in combination with Cl‾. SCN‾ ions interfered with HOCl-mediated MPO inhibition. UV-Vis spectra showed that heme degradation is involved in HOCl- and HOBr-mediated MPO unactivation. The negative linear correlation between the remaining chlorinating activity of HOCl- or HOBr-modified MPO and Escherichia coli survival upon incubation with MPO/H2O2/Cl‾ was found. This study elucidated the possibility of MPO downregulation by MPO-derived RHS, which could counteract halogenative stress.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author