Innovations of the new public administration language: professionally prestigious sociolectisms or the signs of communicative failures?

This article is devoted to the study of the formation and functioning of professional innovations in the language of Russian public administration, reflecting the manifestation of tendencies toward standardization and informality in the choice of lexical items and syntactic constructions. To conduct a research, we used methods of linguistic observation and description, methods of component, comparative and lexicographic analysis, as well as the methodology of complex cognitively oriented synchronous diachronic analysis of language subsystems and their units. Printed text versions of speeches by people in the Government and the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation were the materials for the study. A language analysis of the new public administration made it possible to single out a whole series of lexical-semantic, word-formative, morphological and syntactic innovations, which are identification marks of the studied subsystem and necessary elements of the thesaurus of a civil servant personality. A special group of language innovations of the new public administration is formed by the so-called thematically reoriented semantic neologisms. It is established that the language development of the new public administration is on the way to expand the field of functioning and strengthening its influence on the linguistic taste formation of Russian society. It is noted that the written form of communication in the field of public administration is significantly influenced by the oral colloquial element, and the results of this effect are manifested in all aspects: from lexical to communicative-pragmatic. Researchers are particularly worried about the consolidation in the professional language of the studied sphere of linguistic items violating linguistic and ethical-moral standards that create barriers for effective communication. In conclusion, it is unacceptable to actualize reduced professional language elements that contribute to the inefficiency of communication between representatives of authority and the community

Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for a human homolog of eubacterial ATP-dependent Lon proteases

AbstractOverlapping cDNA clones containing mRNA for a putative Lon protease (LonHS) were isolated from cDNA libraries prepared from human brain poly(A)+ RNA. The determined nucleotide sequence contains a 2814-bp open reading frame with two potential initiation codons (positions 62–64 and 338–340). The 5'-terminal 337-nucleotide fragment of LonHS mRNA is highly enriched with G and C nucleotides and could direct synthesis of the LonHS N-terminal domain. More likely this region promotes initiation of protein synthesis from the second AUG codon in a cap-independent manner. The amino acid sequence initiated at the second AUG codon includes 845 residues, over 30% of which are identical to those of eubacterial Lon proteases. Residues of the ‘A’ and ‘B’ motifs of NTP-binding pattern and a plausible catalytic serine residue are conserved in LonHS. Northern blot analysis revealed LonHS mRNA in lung, duodenum, liver and heart, but not in thymus cells

Investigation on the Chlorophyll-<em>a</em> Content of Phytoplankton in the Sea of Azov and the Don River by the Fluorescence Method

Results of in situ fluorescence investigations on chlorophyll-a (chl-a) of phytoplankton in the Sea of Azov (May to June 2018) and in the Don River estuary (September to November 2019) are presented. Continuous data series of chl-a fluorescence were obtained with flow-through fluorometers. Discrete reference measurements of chl-a concentration and phytoplankton biomass were performed by standard methods for the sake of comparison and eventual corrections. The fluorescence intensity values measured in a lateral surface salinity gradient of the Sea of Azov were found correlating with the obtained data on the chl-a concentration (R2 = 0.88, n = 27) and phytoplankton biomass (R2 = 0.90, n = 11). Instead, there was a weak correlation (R2 = 0.40, n = 33) between the fluorescence and phytoplankton biomass found in the estuary. This disparity in correlations was explained by the difference in conditions during measurements, which affected the fluorescence. There were no significant changes in both temperature and coenotic composition of phytoplankton in the course of the marine expedition. The measurements on the river covered a period characterized by the seasonal variations in the phytoplankton composition and by noticeable temperature fluctuations

Integrated ecosystems management of the coastal zones in the Artic zone of the Russian Federation: problems and solutions

The article is devoted to development, implementation and information support of integrated approach to ecosystem management in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the context of global climate change. According to the adopted strategic planning documents for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, integrated ecosystems management of the coastal zones is an issue that must be dealt with expeditiously. Solution of this problem is an urgent task in the state policy of the Russian Federation. The article presents the methodology for development, implementation and information support of integrated approach to ecosystem management in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation as well

Saturation Mutagenesis and Molecular Modeling: The Impact of Methionine 182 Substitutions on the Stability of β-Lactamase TEM-1

Serine β-lactamase TEM-1 is the first β-lactamase discovered and is still common in Gram-negative pathogens resistant to β-lactam antibiotics. It hydrolyzes penicillins and cephalosporins of early generations. Some of the emerging TEM-1 variants with one or several amino acid substitutions have even broader substrate specificity and resistance to known covalent inhibitors. Key amino acid substitutions affect catalytic properties of the enzyme, and secondary mutations accompany them. The occurrence of the secondary mutation M182T, called a “global suppressor”, has almost doubled over the last decade. Therefore, we performed saturating mutagenesis at position 182 of TEM-1 to determine the influence of this single amino acid substitution on the catalytic properties, thermal stability, and ability for thermoreactivation. Steady-state parameters for penicillin, cephalothin, and ceftazidime are similar for all TEM-1 M182X variants, whereas melting temperature and ability to reactivate after incubation at a higher temperature vary significantly. The effects are multidirectional and depend on the particular amino acid at position 182. The M182E variant of β-lactamase TEM-1 demonstrates the highest residual enzymatic activity, which is 1.5 times higher than for the wild-type enzyme. The 3D structure of the side chain of residue 182 is of particular importance as observed from the comparison of the M182I and M182L variants of TEM-1. Both of these amino acid residues have hydrophobic side chains of similar size, but their residual activity differs by three-fold. Molecular dynamic simulations add a mechanistic explanation for this phenomenon. The important structural element is the V159-R65-E177 triad that exists due to both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Amino acid substitutions that disturb this triad lead to a decrease in the ability of the β-lactamase to be reactivated