Modruš između kneževa Frankapana, Osmanlija i kraljevskih vlasti, 1458–1526.

U radu se, temeljem uvida u relevantnu literaturu i izvore, pokušalo rekonstruirati ulogu i važnost Modruša u sklopu odnosa najmoćnije kasnosrednjovjekovne hrvatske velikaške obitelji Frankapana, poglavito kneževa Stjepana i sina mu Bernardina, sa središnjim vlastima u Budimu. Obrađeno je razdoblje vladavine posljednje trojice ugarsko–hrvatskih kraljeva, Matijaša Korvina (1458–1490), Vladislava II. Jagelovića (1490–1516) i Ludovika II. Jagelovića (1516–1526). Pozornost se posvetila i ulozi Osmanlija na modruškom području u promatranom razdoblju.The golden age of Modruš occurred in the late middle ages when the town’s role and significance surpassed the local and regional borders. At the same time, the last decades of the Middle Ages also marked the beginning of difficulties and crises which at the end of the period largely reduced the significance the town had had and paved the way for itsmarginalisation. It was exactly inModruš that the Frankopan princes convened in 1449 and divided all their estates among the brothers, resulting in eight territorial branches of the princely family. According to the division, Modruš and Tržan belonged to Prince Stjepan Frankopan. He was in the beginning one of the closest allies of the newly elected king Matthias Corvinus. Prince Stjepan succeeded in obtaining the permission to move the seat of the diocese of Krbava from Udbine to Modruš under the excuse of insecurity due to the Ottoman invasions and looting. The period from 1460 to 1463 witnessed the culmination of power of Prince Stjepan, as well as the power and importance of the very Modruš. The Ottoman invasion of medieval Bosnia in 1463 marked the beginning of growing difficulties and the decline of both Modruš and the princes of Modruš. The pressure by the central regal authority alongside the increasingly devastating Ottoman incursions lead to a situation in which the Frankopans were from the 1480s increasingly reduced to just another family in a long line of aristocratic families who lost their privileged position they had enjoyed. After the death of Matthias Corvinus and Vladislav II Jegolović’s ascent to power in 1490, the central authorities considerably weakened and the Ottoman incursions and devastation intensified. Prince Bernardin, Stjepan’s son, left almost completely destroyed Modruš in 1524 and moved its seat to Ogulin, a town which had shortly before been renovated and enlarged. It was the beginning of the end. Ever since then Modruš has not succeeded in regaining the significance and role it had in the late middle ages

Alexandru Simon, Al Treisprezecea apostol. Valachorum regulus [Trinaesti apostol – kraljević od Vlaha], Academia Română – Centrul de Studii Transilvane, Argonaut, Cluj-Napoca 2017., 258 str.

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An example of selective memory:the Croatian medieval rulers in the names of the streets and squares of the most important Croatian cities

U ovom radu autor analizira jedan primjer selektivnog pamćenja, povezan s prevladavajućim nacionalnim ideologijama u Hrvatskoj u 20. stoljeću te s kolektivnim nacionalnim imaginarijem suvremene hrvatske države. Studija je obuhvatila komparativnu analizu nazivlja ulica i trgova deset prema broju stanovnika najvećih hrvatskih gradova. Istražena je prisutnost srednjovjekovnih hrvatskih i ugarsko-hrvatskih vladara i vladarica u nazivlju ulica i trgova spomenutih gradova, od Višeslava, Borne i Ljudevita Posavskog (prva polovica 9. stoljeća) do Ludovika II. Jagelovića (1516.- 1526.). U obzir je uzeto trenutno stanje, a za analizu su korišteni popis stanovništva RH iz 2001. te planovi hrvatskih gradova, objavljeni na Internetu. Dobiveni rezultati međusobno su uspoređeni na nekoliko razina: učestalost pojavljivanja, geografska distribucija nazivlja, lokalne specifičnosti te usporedba nazivlja s vladarima iz vremena narodne dinastije s nazivljem s vladarima iz razdoblja Ugarsko-Hrvatskoga Kraljevstva. Polazna, radna hipoteza istraživanja jest da u nazivlju ulica i trgova najvećih hrvatskih gradova uvjerljivo prevladavaju vladari takozvane narodne dinastije, a da vladara iz vremena zajedničke države s Ugarskom u nazivima ulica ima vrlo malo ili ih gotovo i nema, što je analizom i potvrđeno. To je posljedica, prema svemu sudeći, sustavnih, višedesetljetnih političkih i ideologijskih intervencija u javni prostor, koje po svom predznaku nipošto nisu bile jednoznačne.In this paper the author is analyzing an example of selective memory, closely linked with the dominant national ideologies of 20th century Croatia, and with the collective national imagery of the contemporary Croatian state. This case study contains a comparative analysis of street and square names in ten of the largest Croatian cities. An investigation was undertaken into the presence of Croatian and Hungarian- Croatian kings and queens from the first half of the 9th century to the year 1526 in the names of streets and squares of the above-mentioned localities. The status quo was taken into account, and as a tool of analysis, the population census of Croatia from the year 2001 and the maps of Croatian cities were analysed, all sourced from the internet. The results obtained through such analysis were compared on various levels: firstly the frequency of names, secondly the geographical distribution of names, thirdly the local particularities and lastly a comparison between frequency of names of the early medieval Croatian rulers and the later Hungarian-Croatian kings and queens. The initial hypothesis was that there is a huge predominance of streets and squares named after the Croatian early medieval rulers, and that the rulers from the Hungarian-Croatian kingdom are seldom, if at all, ever mentioned. The results of our analysis completely confirmed this initial hypothesis. One could suppose that such a fact could best be explained as a consequence of decades of systematic political and ideological interventions in the public spaces of Croatian cities that were, by no means, uniform and of the same ideological and political inspiration

Alexandru Simon, Al Treisprezecea apostol. Valachorum regulus [Trinaesti apostol – kraljević od Vlaha], Academia Română – Centrul de Studii Transilvane, Argonaut, Cluj-Napoca 2017., 258 str.

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