Adaptació al català de l'enquesta per malalties respiratòries ATS-DLD-78: validació preliminar

L'objectiu del treball és validar un instrument de mesura per conèixer, més endavant, la prevalença de les bronquitis més cròniques en el nostre medi. Es tracta de l'enquesta per malalties respiratòries de l'American Thoracic Society for the Division of Lung Disease, que hem traduït al català. Respecte a les preguntes del test que defineixen les bronquitis cròniques, hem trobat una sensibilitat del 63,33% i una especificitat del 100% per la referida a la tos i una sensibilitat del 63,33% i una especificitat del 90% per la referida a l'expectoració. De les 124 preguntes, 55 s'hagueren de repetir. D'aquestes, 7 dues vegades i la resta (48) només una. La mitjana aritmètica de la durada del qüestionari és de 17,15 minuts. Pensem que aquesta enquesta, traduïda al català, és una bona eina per estudis de prevalença de malalties respiratòries en el nostre medi

Prevalencia de portadores nasales de Staphylococcus aureus y Streptococcus pneumoniae en atención primaria y factores asociados a la colonización [Prevalence of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae in Primary Care and factors associated with colonization.]

OBJECTIVE: To determine (i) the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S.pneumoniae) nasal carriage in Primary Health Care patients in area of Barcelona, and (ii) the factors associated with S.aureus and S.pneumoniae colonization. METHODS: Multi-center cross-sectional study conducted in 2010-2011 with the participation of 27 Primary Health Care professionals. Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 3,969 patients over 4 years of age who did not present with any sign of infection. Dependent variables: S.aureus and/or S.pneumoniae carrier state. Independent variables: socio-demographic characteristics, health status, vaccination status, occupation, and living with children. A descriptive analysis was performed. The prevalence of carriers of S.aureus and/or S.pneumoniae was calculated and logistic regression models were adjusted by age. RESULTS: In children from 4 to 14 years old, the prevalence of S.aureus carriers was 35.7%, of S.pneumoniae 27.1%, and 5.8% were co-colonized. In adults older than 14 years old, the prevalence was 17.8%, 3.5%, and 0.5%, respectively. In children, S.aureus carrier state was inversely associated with S.pneumoniae carrier state; S.pneumoniae was associated with younger age, and inversely associated with S.aureus carrier state. In adults, being a carrier of S.aureus was associated with male gender, younger age, and a health-related occupation, whereas S.pneumoniae carrier state was associated with living with children under 6 years of age. The proportion of co-colonized carriers was low (1.0%). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of S.aureus and S.pneumoniae carriers was higher in children than in adults. Age was the only factor associated with healthy carrier status for S.aureus and for S.pneumoniae