Alliance Expectations and Alliance as Predictor of Therapy Engagement and Outcome

Clients begin psychotherapy with expectations that may or may not be met during treatment. Discrepancies between pretherapy expectations and the therapy experience may influence client response to treatment. This naturalistic observational pilot study investigated whether the discrepancy between initial expectations of the working alliance and the experience of the alliance predicts early client engagement and outcome. Participants were adult therapy clients at a university training clinic. Each participant completed the Expected-Working Alliance Inventory before their first session and a shortened version of the Working Alliance Inventory after. We hypothesized that the difference between expected alliance scores and actual alliance scores would predict level of client engagement and outcome. We found that participants in this study engaged at a higher rate than generally seen among therapy clients, with 82% remaining in treatment after four weeks. Even with this unusually high engagement rate, the results showed that the expected-actual alliance discrepancy predicted client engagement. Most notably, exceeding alliance expectations was associated with greater early therapy engagement. The expected-actual alliance discrepancy did not predict client outcomes. The results showed a pattern of better outcomes when the alliance exceeded expectations, but this finding was not significant, which may be due in part to a small sample size. Overall, this pilot study suggests that while initial client expectations about the therapy relationship are complex, efforts to surpass alliance expectations may lead to greater early therapy engagement. In addition, recommendations for further research and other clinical implications are discussed

Alliance Expectations and Alliance as Predictor of Therapy Engagement and Outcome

Clients begin psychotherapy with expectations that may or may not be met during treatment. Discrepancies between pretherapy expectations and the therapy experience may influence client response to treatment. This naturalistic observational pilot study investigated whether the discrepancy between initial expectations of the working alliance and the experience of the alliance predicts early client engagement and outcome. Participants were adult therapy clients at a university training clinic. Each participant completed the Expected-Working Alliance Inventory before their first session and a shortened version of the Working Alliance Inventory after. We hypothesized that the difference between expected alliance scores and actual alliance scores would predict level of client engagement and outcome. We found that participants in this study engaged at a higher rate than generally seen among therapy clients, with 82% remaining in treatment after four weeks. Even with this unusually high engagement rate, the results showed that the expected-actual alliance discrepancy predicted client engagement. Most notably, exceeding alliance expectations was associated with greater early therapy engagement. The expected-actual alliance discrepancy did not predict client outcomes. The results showed a pattern of better outcomes when the alliance exceeded expectations, but this finding was not significant, which may be due in part to a small sample size. Overall, this pilot study suggests that while initial client expectations about the therapy relationship are complex, efforts to surpass alliance expectations may lead to greater early therapy engagement. In addition, recommendations for further research and other clinical implications are discussed

Pharmaceutical literature in the medieval oriental world: the Arab recovery of the Medicines' Book in the Syriac language

En este trabajo identificamos los paralelos literarios y el tipo de traducción realizada de ciertos medicamentos de El Libro de las medicinas en una selección de textos médicos-farmacéuticos árabes medievales, cuya apropiación fue fundamental para el desarrollo de la farmacéutica en el mundo del Islam. Indagamos, asimismo, su origen en la tradición médica grecolatina a partir de dos textos farmacéuticos, corroborando la importancia que dicha tradición tuvo para el desarrollo de la medicina en el mediterráneo oriental durante la Edad Media. Estos medicamentos, simples o compuestos, analizados en este artículo con la Hiera de Logadios, fueron identificados por su taxonomía constitutiva. Nuestras conclusiones avalan la asunción general que los cristianos de lengua siríaca fueron traductores de la medicina clásica más tempranos que quienes lo hicieron en lengua árabe.In this work we identify the literary parallels and the way of translation made of some medications from The Syriac Book of Medicines in Syriac on some selected medical medieval Arabic texts, whose appropriation was fundamental for the development of Islamic pharmacy. We also inquire about his origin in the classical tradition from two pharmaceutical texts. Thereby, we corroborate the importance that this tradition had for the development of medicine in the oriental editerranean during the Middle Ages. These medications, simple or compound, analyzed in this article by The Hiera of Logadios, were identified by their constitutive taxonomy. Our conclusions endorse the general assumption that Syriac-speaking Christians were earlier translators of classical medicine than those who did it in Arabic.Fil: Greif, Esteban Augusto. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Historia y Ciencias Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Asade,Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin