Morphological and Molecular Systematics of Psychodidae (Diptera)

A general overview of family Psychodidae is given. Genus Eurygarka Quate is revised to include three species. Genus Gondwanoscurus Jezek is revised to include seven species. The status of genus Stupkaiella Vaillant is revised. Eight new Nearctic species: Eurygarka cyphostylus sp. nov., E. nelderi sp. nov., Stupkaiella lasiostyla sp. nov., S. robinsoni sp. nov., S. capricorna sp. nov., Trichomyia rostrata sp. nov., Australopericoma delta sp. nov., and Threticus thelyceratus sp. nov., and two new Oriental species: Gondwanoscurus cruciferus sp. nov. and G. ornithostylus sp. nov. are described. Two Nearctic species: Eurygarka helicis (Dyar) and Stupkaiella bipunctata (Kincaid), and four Oriental species: Gondwanoscurus ejundicus (Quate), G. eximius (Quate), G. mcclurei (Quate) and G. praecipuus (Quate) are redescribed. A list of species collected during a survey of the Psychodidae of Great Smoky Mountains National Park is given, and a key to the genera of Psychodidae occurring in GSMNP is provided. A classification of psychodid subfamilies based on morphological and molecular evidence is proposed

A review of the moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of northern Thailand, with a revision of the world species of the genus Neotelmatoscopus Tonnoir (Psychodinae: Telmatoscopini)

Several thousand specimens of Psychodidae were recently collected during a survey of the lotic aquatic insects of Thailand. Fifteen genera are reported from Thailand, including fourteen new country records. A key to adult males of known Thai Psychodidae is provided. The genera Neoarisemus Botosaneanu & Vaillant and Panimerus Eaton are reported in the Oriental region for the first time. Also included is a revision of the genus Neotelmatoscopus Tonnoir. Three new species are described: N. aurulentus, n. sp. from northern Thailand, and N. acutus, n. sp. and N. rotundus, n. sp. from Sri Lanka. Previously unknown life stages of N. horai Tonnoir and N. inachus Quate are described, and redescriptions of larvae, pupae and adults of N. horai, N. indicus (Feuerborn), N. bifidens Quate and N. inachus are given. Five described species are transferred from Telmatoscopus Eaton to Neotelmatoscopus: N. longiceps Quate, N. digitoides Quate, N. sagittalis Quate, N. parsilobus Quate and N. canlaonis Quate. Keys to instar IV larvae, pupae and adults of all known species of Neotelmatoscopus and a preliminary phylogenetic analysis of Neotelmatoscopus are provided.</p

A revision of the genus Gondwanoscurus Jezek (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Curler, Gregory R. (2009): A revision of the genus Gondwanoscurus Jezek (Diptera: Psychodidae). Zootaxa 2169: 21-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18917

A new species of Horaiella tonnoir (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Thailand

The moth-fly genus Horaiella Tonnoir is reported for the first time from Thailand. Numerous adult specimens were collected in Malaise-trap samples from Khao Yai National Park, central Thailand, including males and females of a new species, Horaiella iota Curler. Genitalic characters of the male confirm that the Khao Yai specimens represent a new species. A description and a brief discussion of bionomics and comparison with other known species of Horaiella are given.This article is from Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 108 (2006): 519. Posted with permission.</p

Stupkaiella

Key to males of eastern Nearctic Stupkaiella 1. Prothorax with a capitate patagium (Fig. 10) inserted adjacent to prothoracic spiracle on each side......................... 2 - Patagia absent.............................................................................................................................................................. 3 2 (1).Gonostyli with ventral ramus approximately 2 / 3 as long as dorsal ramus .................................... S. mastelleri Wagner - Gonostyli with dorsal rami elbowed basally, with a longitudinal patch of microtrichia apically (Fig. 11)................... ....................................................................................................................................................... S. lasiostyla sp. nov. 3 (1).Gonostyli with rami of subequal length....................................................................................................................... 4 - Gonostyles with rami of unequal length....................................................................................................................... 5 4 (3).Gonocoxites with conspicuously quadrate margin dorsomedially (Figs. 12, 14), hypandrium extended posteriorly, visor-like (Fig. 14)........................................................................................................................ S. robinsoni sp. nov. - Gonocoxites with slightly concave margin dorsomedially, hypandrium narrow, U-shaped in dorsal view, not visor- like..................................................................................................................................................... S. furcata Vaillant 5 (3). Gonocoxites with a digitiform posteromedial process about ½ as long as dorsal ramus of gonostyle......................... ......................................................................................................................................................... S. carolina (Banks) - Gonocoxites without posteromedial processes............................................................................................................. 6 6 (5). Dorsal paramere present, with arcuate, acuminate lateral processes (Fig. 3)...................... S. capricornuata sp. nov. - Dorsal paramere absent, aedeagus encased by transparent parameral sheath.............................. S. recurrens VaillantPublished as part of Curler, Gregory R. & Moulton, John K., 2010, Contributions to Nearctic Stupkaiella Vaillant (Diptera: Psychodidae), pp. 48-60 in Zootaxa 2397 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19400

Stupkaiella Vaillant 1973

Stupkaiella Vaillant 1973 Stupkaiella Vaillant, 1973: 367 (original description) type species: Stupkaiella furcata Vaillant (original designation). Stupkaiella Vaillant, Wagner 1984: 239 (as genus, description of S. mastelleri). Thornburghiella (Stupkaiella) (Vaillant), Duckhouse 1987: 87 (as subgenus). Stupkaiella Vaillant, Jezek 2001: 64 (as genus, comparison of Pericomini in part). Stupkaiella furcata Vaillant, 1973: 367 (type species by original designation). Diagnosis. Larva: Postmentum dentate; teeth uniform, conical, arranged in single transverse row. Tergite structure and dorsal chaetotaxy, abdominal segment IV: protergite with paired, simple protuberances medially; medial protuberances flanked by second pair of simple protuberances; each protuberance with setiform macrotrichium inserted apically; mesotergite with paired, bifurcate protuberances medially; medial protuberances flanked by pair of simple protuberances; each bifurcate protuberance with two setiform macrotrichia inserted apically, each simple protuberance with setiform macrotrichium inserted apically; metatergite with paired, simple protuberances medially; medial protuberances flanked by pair of trifurcate protuberances; each simple protuberance with setiform macrotrichium inserted apically, each trifurcate protuberance with three setiform macrotrichia inserted apically. Pupa: Unknown. Adult: Male eye-bridge with 4–6 facet rows, separated by width of 1–3 (Oriental spp.), 3–4 (eastern Nearctic spp.) or 4–8.5 (western Nearctic spp.) facet diameters. Interocular suture conspicuous, shaped as inverted Y, V, or U. Row of postocular bristles incomplete medially, with 3–6 bristles on each side of head. Antenna 16 -segmented; flagellomere I elongate, at least two times longer than broad with 3–7 rigid spines inserted dorsally or dorsolaterally; flagellomeres II–XIII fusiform, flagellomere XIV fusiform or rounded, with digitiform process apically. Ascoids paired, digitiform, approximately half the length of median flagellomeres, inserted dorsomedially and ventrolaterally on anterior half of flagellomeres; number and position of flagellomeres bearing ascoids variable among species. Mouthparts reduced; labellum bulbous, as wide or wider than clypeus, without blunt apical teeth. Prothorax of some species with capitate patagia inserted posterior to vertex, adjacent to prothoracic spiracles. Wing ovate, without Sc vein ending in R 1, with base of M 2 weakened, prolonged basally. Male terminalia: gonocoxites about as long as wide, rotundate laterally, with margins straight or concave dorsomedially, with posteromedial lobes in some species; gonostyli bifurcate, rami highly variable in shape, of equal or unequal length; aedeagus symmetrical; basiphallus composed of single sclerite, laterally or dorsoventrally compressed basally, bifurcate apically; distiphallus variable in shape, composed of paired acuminate or truncate sclerites articulated with apices of basiphallus, or absent in some species; parameres membranous, fused, forming sheath around distiphallus, or sclerotized, with a conspicuous dorsal component in some species (e.g. S. bipunctata and S. capricornuata); cercopods tapered, curved dorsally, with basal or apical processes in some species, with 10–30 retinacula inserted dorsally; apices of retinacula pectinate. Female terminalia: cerci elongate, more than five times longer than wide, triangular in shape from lateral aspect, their medial surface with irregular rows of macrotrichia; hypovalvae triangular, quadrate or bilobed apically. Species included. S. bessophila (Quate), S. bipunctata (Kincaid), S. birama (Quate), S. capricornuata sp. nov., S. carolina (Banks), S. furcata Vaillant, S. kincaidi (Quate), S. lasiostyla sp. nov., S. mastelleri Wagner, S. mixta (Brunetti), S. recurrens Vaillant, S. robinsoni sp. nov., S. spinicornis (Brunetti). Distribution. Currently known from the Nearctic region (specifically eastern and western United States and Canada, and northwestern Mexico) and the Oriental region (specifically Himalaya). Remarks. Larvae and adults of Stupkaiella are similar to some closely related genera of Pericomini (e.g. Bazarella Vaillant and Thornburghiella Vaillant), but can be readily distinguished from these and all other psychodid genera using the following character suites: Larvae: presence of a postmentum with a single row of uniform conical teeth and tergal plates on abdominal segments II–VII with protuberances and chaetotaxy exactly as detailed above. Adults: presence of antennae with spines on flagellomere I in addition to rounded gonocoxites and bifurcate gonostyli in the male, or the shape of the hypovalvae and genital duct in the female.Published as part of Curler, Gregory R. & Moulton, John K., 2010, Contributions to Nearctic Stupkaiella Vaillant (Diptera: Psychodidae), pp. 48-60 in Zootaxa 2397 on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19400

Stupkaiella robinsoni Curler, sp. nov.

Stupkaiella robinsoni Curler sp. nov. (Figs. 12–15) Diagnosis. Adult: Male eye bridge with 5 facet rows, divided by width of 3.5 facet diameters. Interocular suture inverted U-shaped. Labellum as wide as clypeus. Scape three times longer than wide; flagellomere I with 6 spines. Male terminalia: gonocoxites with conspicuously quadrate margin dorsomedially; gonostyli with rami of equal length; hypandrium extended posteriorly, visor-like; paramere membranous, forming sheath around aedeagus. Female terminalia: hypovalvae with lateral margins convex, posterior margin straight. Description. Adult Male (Figs. 12–14): Measurements, (N = 5) head width 0.49 mm, head length 0.51 mm (0.50–0.51), wing length 3.08 mm, wing width 1.15 mm, palpomere proportion: 1–1.8 – 1.9–2.6. Eye bridge with 5 facet rows, divided by width of 3.5 facet diameters. Frontal scar patch as wide as frons anteriorly, slightly constricted posteriorly, extending between eyes, interrupted by interocular suture. Interocular suture inverted U-shaped. Antennae: scape three times longer than wide; flagellomere I with 6 spines inserted dorsally; ascoids present on flagellomeres III–X at least (flagellomeres XI–XIV missing). Mouthparts not extending beyond basal palpomere, labellum as wide as clypeus. Wing: medial fork arising slightly basal to medial fork, both arising basal to apex of CuA 2. Terminalia: hypandrium extended posteriorly, visor-like; epandrium rectangular, about ½ as long as wide; gonocoxites strongly rotundate laterally, with conspicuously quadrate margin dorsomedially, with few setiform sensilla inserted posteromedially; gonostyles with rami slightly sinuous, of equal length; aedeagus with basiphallus slightly dorsoventrally compressed basally, bifurcate apically, distiphallus composed of paired, acuminate, recurved sclerites articulated with basiphallus; paramere membranous, forming sheath around aedeagus; cercopods gradually tapered from base to apex, slightly flattened medially, with 18 retinacula inserted dorsoapically; retinacula with apices pectinate. Tergite X triangular, about 2 / 3 as long as cercopod. Adult Female (Fig. 15): Eyebridge with 4 facet rows, divided by 4 facet diameters. Frontal scar patch as in male. Interocular suture as in male. Antenna nearly identical to male, except without spines on flagellomere I. Mouthparts and palpi as in male. Wing venation as in male. Terminalia: Subgenital plate with hypovalvae slightly constricted basally, with lateral margins convex, posterior margin straight; genital duct as figured, about as wide as base of hypovalvae. Type material. Holotype [adult male]: U.S.A. NORTH CAROLINA: Buncombe Co: Blue Ridge Parkway @ milepost 371.6, Shope Creek headwaters, 35 ° 40 ’ 40 ”N 82 ° 25 ’ 40 ”W, 25.v. 2007, coll. J.L. Robinson, sweep net; deposited LACM. Specimen dissected, mounted on micro-slide. Allotype [adult female]: same data as holotype; deposited LACM. Specimen dissected, mounted on micro-slide. Paratypes: same data as holotype [5 adult male, 5 adult female (slides)]. Paratypes deposited in LACM, GSMNP and UTK. Etymology. Named for Jason L. Robinson, in recognition of his contribution of numerous specimens for this study. Bionomics. Due to a paucity of collection records, the phenology of S. robinsoni cannot be accurately determined; however, attempts to collect this species in late April and late July 2009 were unsuccessful, which could mean that S. robinsoni is only present throughout the month of May. Several other species of Psychodidae including Pericoma signata (Banks), Thornburghiella albitarsis (Banks), Threticus bicolor (Banks) and Psychoda spp. were collected with the type series of S. robinsoni, which is indicative of the conditions at the type locality (hillside seep with abundant wet mosses and decaying plant material). Distribution. Collected from one location on the Blue Ridge Parkway in western North Carolina. Remarks. Adults of S. robinsoni are easily distinguished from other Stupkaiella by the shape of the genitalia, particularly the gonocoxites with quadrate medial margins and the posteriorly extended hypandrium in the male, and the shape of the subgenital plate and genital duct in the female.Published as part of Curler, Gregory R. & Moulton, John K., 2010, Contributions to Nearctic Stupkaiella Vaillant (Diptera: Psychodidae), pp. 48-60 in Zootaxa 2397 on page 55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19400

A new species of net-winged midge of the genus Blepharicera macquart (Diptera: Blephariceridae) from the cumberland plateau of Tennessee

Volume: 109Start Page: 920End Page: 92

A new species of Horaiella tonnoir (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Thailand

Volume: 108Start Page: 519End Page: 52

FIGURES 7 – 10 in A review of the Nearctic species of the genus Eurygarka Quate (Diptera: Psychodidae)

FIGURES 7 – 10. Eurygarka helicis (Dyar). 7. Male head, frontal view. 8. Male terminalia, dorsal view. 9. Male antennal flagellomere 8 with ascoids, left antenna, frontal view. Eurygarka nelderi Curler n. sp. 10. Male terminalia, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm (7), 0.1 mm (8, 10), 0.05 mm (9)