Computer Interfaces to Organizations: Perspectives on Borg-Human Interaction Design

We use the term borg to refer to the complex organizations composed of people, machines, and processes with which users frequently interact using computer interfaces and websites. Unlike interfaces to pure machines, we contend that borg-human interaction (BHI) happens in a context combining the anthropomorphization of the interface, conflict with users, and dramatization of the interaction process. We believe this context requires designers to construct the human facet of the borg, a structure encompassing the borg's personality, social behavior, and embodied actions; and the strategies to co-create dramatic narratives with the user. To design the human facet of a borg, different concepts and models are explored and discussed, borrowing ideas from psychology, sociology, and arts. Based on those foundations, we propose six design methodologies to complement traditional computer-human interface design techniques, including play-and-freeze enactment of conflicts and the use of giant puppets as interface prototypes.Comment: 10 page

Association between change in Hsp90 expression and cell line generation time between 2% and 20% O₂ culture.

<p>P<0.005.</p><p>Changes in cell line generation time were correlated with changes in Hsp90 expression between the 2% and 20% O₂ culture conditions.</p

Cell surface expression of hsps on melanoma cell lines.

<p>Ten melanoma cell lines were cultured in 20% O₂ for five days. Following the culture period cell lines were harvested, stained for cell surface Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp60, Hsp40 and Hsp32 and protein expression assessed by flow cytometry. A Fluorescence Index was calculated (fold increase in mean fluorescence of the stained cells compared with the unstained cells) and was used as a comparative measure of protein expression.</p

Correlation between Hsp90 expression and cell line ligand adhesion.

<p>Hsp expression was tested for correlation with the adhesion ability of these cell lines to the collagen type IV, fibronectin and laminin ligands.</p

Effect of low oxygen culture on hsp expression.

<p>Forty two melanoma cell lines were cultured in 20% O₂ and 18 of these cell lines additionally in 2% O₂ for five days. Following the culture period, the cell lines were harvested and the number of living and dead cells determined using trypan blue. The ratio of live to dead cells was used as a marker of cell viability.</p

Association between change in Hsp90 expression and cell line viability between 2% and 20% O₂ culture.

<p>P<0.01.</p><p>Changes in cell line viability were correlated with changes in Hsp90 expression between the 2% and 20% O₂ culture conditions.</p

Effect of low oxygen culture on melanoma cell line generation time and viability.

<p>Eighteen melanoma cell lines were cultured under identical conditions in 2% and 20% O₂ for five days. Following the culture period, the cell lines were harvested and living and dead cells enumerated using trypan blue. Total number of living cells was used to calculate generation time, and ratio of live to dead cells was used as a marker of cell viability.</p

Change in hsp expression in response to low oxygen tension.

<p>Eighteen melanoma cell lines were cultured under identical conditions in 2% and 20% O₂. After five days the cell lines were harvested, stained with PE-conjugated hsp antibodies and protein expression assessed by flow cytometry. A Fluorescence Index was calculated (fold increase in mean fluorescence of the stained cells compared with the unstained cells) and was used as a comparative measure of protein expression.</p

Relationship between hsp expression and patient clinical parameters.

<p>Hsp expression was investigated for association with melanoma patient clinical parameters.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Peripheral blood T-cell signatures from high-resolution immune phenotyping of γδ and αβ T-cells in younger and older subjects in the Berlin Aging Study II

Results of Mann‐Whitney comparisons of the γδ T‐cell compartments and subsets. Table S2. Results of Mann‐Whitney comparisons of the CD8+ γδ T‐cell compartments and subsets. Table S3. Results of Mann‐Whitney comparisons of the αβT‐cell compartments and subsets. Table S4. Results of Mann‐Whitney comparisons of the absolute counts for all T‐cell compartments. Figure S1. Median frequencies and absolute counts of the γδ T‐cell compartments in young and old CMV‐seropositive (CMV+) and seronegative (CMV‐) individuals. Figure S2. Differentiation phenotypes of the Vδ2+ compartment. Figure S3. Differentiation phenotypes of the Vδ1+ compartment. Figure S4. Differentiation phenotypes of the Vδ1‐Vδ2‐compartment. Figure S5. Differentiation phenotypes of the CD8+ γδ T‐cells. Figure S6. Differentiation phenotypes of the CD8+ αβT‐cells. Figure S7. Differentiation phenotypes of the CD4 + αβT‐cells. Figure S8. Gating Strategy T‐cells. (PDF 1365 kb