20 research outputs found
Π£Π»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎβΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ½Π΅
Pulsed quartz-jacketed high-pressure xenon lamps, operating in the periodic pulse repetition modes, despite the appearing UV radiation sources of other types, remain a critical component of the processing equipment used in photochemistry, photo-medicine, nanoelectronics, biology, etc. Their main advantages, namely high power and radiation energy are slightly devalued by a relatively low efficiency of the shortwave radiation. Available literature data concerning the influence of various factors on the energy level of short-wave radiation in xenon need to be systematised and generalised because they have been obtained under conditions of uncontrolled quartz-jacketed transmission. The transmission of quartz can degrade after a while and, in addition, undergo great changes during the pulse. Besides, as a rule, in the literature, there is no detailed description of a complete kit of experimental setting. As a result, to analyse the factors affecting the efficiency of studying in the UV range is difficult, and there arises a relevant problem to optimise this type of discharge parameters to increase the efficiency in the range of 220-400 nm. A mathematical model of the radiation source, realistically describing the processes in the xenon plasma and in the stabilising envelope, can be a reliable ground for such a study. The paper shows an impact of the discharge channel diameter and length, the filling pressure of xenon, the pulse duration, the parameters of discharge circuit, and the current of pilot arc on the radiation yield. Based on the simulation-found relationship of internal plasma parameters (temperature distributions, fields of particle concentration and radiation, dynamics of electrical resistance of discharge channel, and plasma emission spectra) with radiation characteristics of discharge, are determined conditions to ensure the greatest radiation yield in the UV region. Β The experimental data prove the computational results. A material obtained gives practice-critical guidelines for development and correct selection of the short-wave radiation source.ΠΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π»Π°ΠΌΠΏΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅, ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π£Π€- ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅, Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ.Π΄. ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° -Β Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ - Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ.ΠΊ. ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ, ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ,Β ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ,Β Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Β ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π£Π€- ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π½, ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ 220-400 Π½ΠΌ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ- ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΒ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅. Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Β ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Β Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°, Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°, Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΆΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΡΠ³ΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ (ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ) Ρ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π£Π€- ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉΒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°
MAGNETIZED PLASMA PARAMETRIC RESONANCE IN NON-MONOCHROMATIC PUMP-WAVE
No abstract availabl
Ultraviolet Radiation of Repetitively Pulsed High-pressure Discharges in Xenon
Pulsed quartz-jacketed high-pressure xenon lamps, operating in the periodic pulse repetition modes, despite the appearing UV radiation sources of other types, remain a critical component of the processing equipment used in photochemistry, photo-medicine, nanoelectronics, biology, etc. Their main advantages, namely high power and radiation energy are slightly devalued by a relatively low efficiency of the shortwave radiation. Available literature data concerning the influence of various factors on the energy level of short-wave radiation in xenon need to be systematised and generalised because they have been obtained under conditions of uncontrolled quartz-jacketed transmission. The transmission of quartz can degrade after a while and, in addition, undergo great changes during the pulse. Besides, as a rule, in the literature, there is no detailed description of a complete kit of experimental setting. As a result, to analyse the factors affecting the efficiency of studying in the UV range is difficult, and there arises a relevant problem to optimise this type of discharge parameters to increase the efficiency in the range of 220-400 nm. A mathematical model of the radiation source, realistically describing the processes in the xenon plasma and in the stabilising envelope, can be a reliable ground for such a study. The paper shows an impact of the discharge channel diameter and length, the filling pressure of xenon, the pulse duration, the parameters of discharge circuit, and the current of pilot arc on the radiation yield. Based on the simulation-found relationship of internal plasma parameters (temperature distributions, fields of particle concentration and radiation, dynamics of electrical resistance of discharge channel, and plasma emission spectra) with radiation characteristics of discharge, are determined conditions to ensure the greatest radiation yield in the UV region. Β The experimental data prove the computational results. A material obtained gives practice-critical guidelines for development and correct selection of the short-wave radiation source
A method of experimental determination of the profiles of temperature and composition of a high-temperature gas stream
Ultrasonic Intensification of Mass Transfer in Organic Acid Extraction
The mechanism of ultrasonic extraction was discovered and analyzed in detail for the liquid membrane technique from the consideration of the specific features of the radial vibrations of a droplet of the dispersed phase placed into an immiscible continuous phase subjected to ultrasonic irradiation. Analytical formulas were derived for the rate of mass transfer as a function of the amplitude of acoustic pressure oscillations and the time of ultrasonic treatment of an extraction system. Conditions for achieving the maximum efficiency of the extraction of a substance under the stimulating effect of ultrasound were analyzed. A nonlinear equation was derived for the radial vibrations of a spherical droplet of the dispersed phase in an immiscible continuous phase under forcing in the form of acoustic pressure periodically changing with time. Experimental study of the dependence of sulfosalicylic acid distribution on time in an aqueous two-phase system with ultrasound shows good agreement of experimental results with the calculations performed
Modelling of the Erosive Dissolution of Metal Oxides in a Deep Eutectic SolventβCholine Chloride/Sulfosalicylic AcidβAssisted by Ultrasonic Cavitation
Here we report on the results concerning the influence of ultrasound on the dissolution process of metal oxides CoO, Ni2O3 and Mn2O3 in choline chloride/sulfosalicylic acid as a deep eutectic solvent. The mechanism of dissolution under cavitation conditions with ultrasonic assistance is described. Theoretical research resulted in equations describing the dissolution process kinetics and linking its basic parameters. Optimal conditions for the most effective ultrasound application were found. Experimental data on dissolution kinetics of metal oxides in deep eutectic solvents was also obtained. It was discovered that experimental data correlates well with theoretical calculations, which confirms the correctness of developing a picture about the physicochemical nature of the process under study
Theoretical and experimental investigation of high-level radiation sources used to model a heat input
Correction of the recording artifacts and detection of the functional deviations in ECG by means of syndrome decoding with an automatic burst error correction of the cyclic codes using periodograms for determination of code component spectral range
Aims
This paper describes a novel approach to the analysis of electrocardiographic data based on the consideration of the repetitive P, Q, R, S, T sequences as cyclic codes. In Part I we introduce a principle similar to the syndrome decoding using the control numbers, which allows correcting the noise combinations.
Materials and methods
We propose to apply the burst-error-correcting algorithms for automatic detection of the ECG artifacts and the functional abnormalities, including those compared to the reference model. Our approach is compared to the symbolic dynamics methods. During the automated search of the code components (i.e. point values and spectral ranges one-to-one corresponding to P, Q, R, S, T) considered in Part II, the authors apply the Lomb-Scargle periodogram method with the phase control which allows to determine the code components not only from the main harmonics, but also using the sidebands, avoiding the phase errors.
Results
The results of the method testing on rats with the heart failure using a simplified telemetric recording from the implantable chips are given in Part III. A complete independence of the results of the determination of the code points (fingerprints) from the variables for which the calculation is performed is shown. We also prove the robustness of the above approach with respect to the most types of the non-adaptive filtration.
Conclusion
The above method can be useful not only for experimental medicine, but also for veterinary and clinical diagnostic practice. This method is adequately reproduced both on animals and human ECG, except for some constant values