Evaluation of risk factors associated with congenital malformations in the surveillance program of birth defects based on the methodology ECLAMC in Bogotá during the period 2001 to 2010

Introducción. Las anomalías congénitas son una causa de morbi-mortalidad en nuestro país, razón por la cual el Instituto de Genética Humana y la Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Bogotá desarrollaron un programa de vigilancia epidemiológica, basado en la metodología del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC).Métodos. Se recolectaron los datos de los nacimientos vigilados, en las modalidades de casos - controles y monitor. Se evaluaron los factores de riesgo maternos y del recién nacido.Resultados. Se vigilaron 121.674 nacimientos, de los cuales, 1,81% presentó malformaciones congénitas, con mayor frecuencia en el sexoasculino. Se estimó una prevalencia de 18 niños y niñas con malformación congénita por cada mil nacimientos. Las malformaciones más frecuentes fueron en orejas y extremidades. Los principales factores de riesgo evidenciados fueron: edad materna avanzada, bajo peso y talla para la edad de gestación. El 47,2% de casos y controles y el 52,3% de monitor, respectivamente, se beneficiarían de una intervención oportuna.Conclusiones. Los pacientes con malformaciones congénitas presentan mayor riesgo de prematuridad y bajo peso al nacer. Se debe mejorar la vigilancia y el entrenamiento del personal de salud vinculado al programa, para aumentar la sensibilidad de detección en nuestro programa.Artículo original11-25Introduction: Birth defects are a cause of morbidity and mortality in our count!}; so the Institute of Human Genetics and the Health Secretary of Bogotá developed a surveillance program based on the methodology of the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC). Methods: We collected data on births monitored in the case-control and monitor modes. Maternal and newborn risk factors were evaluated. Results: 121.674 births were monitored, 1,81% had congenital malformations higher in males The most frequent malformations were ear and limbs. The main risk factors showed: advanced maternal age, low weight and size for gestational age. 47,2% and 52,3% of case-control and monitor respectively, would benefit from early intervention. Conclusions: Patients with congenital malformations have a higher risk of prematurity and low birth weight Monitoring and training should improve in order to increase detection sensitivity in our program

Risk factors for congenital diaphragmatic hernia in the Bogota birth defects surveillance and follow-up program, Colombia

Q2227-234Purpose The mortality rate for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains high and prevention efforts are limited by the lack of known risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence, risk factors, and neonatal results associated with CDH on a surveillance system hospital-based in Bogota, Colombia. Methods The data used in this study were obtained from The Bogota Birth Defects Surveillance and Follow-up Program (BBDSFP), between January 2001 and December 2013. With 386,419 births, there were 81 cases of CDH. A case-control methodology was conducted with 48 of the total cases of CDH and 192 controls for association analysis. Results The prevalence of CDH was 2.1 per 10,000 births. In the case-control analysis, risk factors found were maternal age >= 35 years (OR, 33.53; 95 % CI, 7.02-160.11), infants with CDH were more likely to be born before 37 weeks of gestation (OR, 5.57; 95 % CI, 2.05-15.14), to weigh less than 2500 g at birth (OR, 9.05; 95 % CI, 3.51-23.32), and be small for gestational age (OR, 5.72; 95 % CI, 2.18-14.99) with a high rate of death before hospital discharge in the CDH population (CDH: 38 % vs BBDSFP:<1 %; p < 0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of CDH calculated was similar to the one reported in the literature. CDH is strongly associated with a high rate of death before hospital discharge and the risk factors found were maternal age >= 35 years, preterm birth, be small for gestational age, and have low weight at birth. These neonatal characteristics in developing countries would help to identify early CDH. Prevention efforts have been limited by the lack of known risk factors and established epidemiological profiles, especially in developing countries

Raised frequency of microcephaly related to zika virus infection in two birth defects surveillance systems in Bogotá and Cali, Colombia

Q2Q1Informes breves1017-1019Zika virus infection during pregnancy is now known to cause congenital microcephaly and severe brain defects. In 2016, rates of microcephaly appeared to start increasing around May, peaking in July, and declining through December. The occurrence of microcephaly appears to have increased nearly 4-fold in 2 large cities in Colombia, concurrently with the reported Zika virus epidemic in the country

Application of the Surveillance Algorithm for Zika Virus in Bogota and Cali – Colombia, 2015-2017

Objetivo: Evaluar la aplicación del algoritmo de vigilancia para Zika del Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia en recién nacidos y gestantes desde octubre de 2015 a junio de 2017 en Bogotá y Cali (Colombia). Métodos: Estudio descriptivo. Los datos se obtuvieron de fichas del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública y los Programas de Vigilancia y Seguimiento de Niños con Defectos Congénitos de Bogotá y Cali. Se calculó frecuencia de sexo, afiliación al sistema de salud y de defectos congénitos de los recién nacidos (RN); además, el cumplimiento del algoritmo y su diagnóstico presuntivo. Resultados: Se obtuvieron un total de 597 registros. El 49,9% de los RN fueron de sexo masculino y el 79% presentaron anomalías del sistema nervioso central (SNC), microcefalia (29%) e hidrocefalia (20%). De las gestantes con información, se reportó Zika positivo en el 16%; toxoplasmosis, en el 4%, y citomegalovirus y sífilis, cada una con un 2%. De RN con exámenes, las anomalías del SNC se detectaron con ecografía cerebral (39%), resonancia magnética (38%) y tomografía axial computarizada (35%). Conclusiones: El INS generó un algoritmo ajustado a los parámetros internacionales de vigilancia que permite identificar de forma temprana posibles complicaciones, por lo que su incorporación total debe servir para reducir discapacidad y mortalidad. La evaluación de la aplicación de este protocolo, debido a las múltiples fuentes de información, dificulta sacar conclusiones definitivas, dado el contexto del sistema de salud colombiano.Q4Recién nacidos y gestantesObjective: To evaluate the application of the Surveillance algorithm for Zika of the National Institute of Health of Colombia, in newborns and pregnant women from October 2015 to June 2017 in Bogotá and Cali, Colombia. Methods: Descriptive study. The data were obtained from files of the National Public Health Surveillance System and the Surveillance and Follow-up Programs for children with Congenital Defects of Bogotá and Cali. Frequency of sex, affiliation to the health system and frequency of congenital defects were calculated. Compliance with the studies proposed by the algorithm and its presumptive diagnosis were analyzed. Results: A total of 597 records were obtained. 49.9% were male and 79% had central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities, with microcephaly (29%) and hydrocephalus (20%). Of the pregnant women with information, Zika was positive in 16%, toxoplasmosis 4%, and CMV and syphilis each in 2%. Of the newborns, abnormalities of CNS were detected with brain ultrasound (39%), magnetic resonance imaging (38%) and computerized axial tomography (35%). Conclusions: The INS generated an algorithm adjusted to international surveillance parameters that allows early identification of possible complications, so its full incorporation should serve to reduce disability and mortality. The evaluation of the application of this protocol due to the multiple sources of information makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions given the context of the Colombian health system.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-2320https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1642-8402https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6393-624Xhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5323-7138https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-6672https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-6866https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3822-7780Revista Nacional - IndexadaS