Collection of S. Yano's Specimens from Taiwan in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE)

Over a thousand plant specimens collected by Japanese naturalist Seikihiro Yano from Taiwan in 1896－1897 are currently stored at the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg (LE). The collection consists of 318 taxa of ferns, conifers and flowering plants. In this paper, a list of specimens collected is provided, including scientific names, localities, dates of collection and collection numbers. Yano's collections played an important part in the early botanical exploration of Taiwan. The information of his collections could be used to develop a view of past flora and vegetation communities at low altitude areas in Taiwan. Furthermore, Yano’s specimens also included the first botanical collections from Lanyu and Ludao, two islets off the southeastern coast of Taiwan Island

Phylogenetic approaches resolve taxonomical confusion in <i>Pedicularis</i> (Orobanchaceae): Reinstatement of <i>Pedicularis delavayi</i> and discovering a new species <i>Pedicularis milliana</i>

<div><p>Morphological identification of <i>Pedicularis</i> depends on floral characters. However, some important characters may be lost during the process of pressing the specimen. <i>Pedicularis delavayi</i> was described from northwestern Yunnan, and widely adopted as a variety of <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i>. Unfortunately, the name “<i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> var. <i>delavayi</i>’ incorrectly referred to <i>P</i>. <i>milliana</i> (a new species described in this study) or <i>P</i>. <i>tenuituba</i> in some herbarium specimens and publications. Moreover, phylogenetic relationships among <i>P</i>. <i>delavayi</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> and its allies (<i>P</i>. <i>milliana</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>tenuituba</i>) were not fully resolved. In this study, we sampled 76 individuals representing 56 taxa. Of them, 10 taxa were from <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> lineage, and 11 individuals of <i>P</i>. <i>delavayi</i> represented 9 populations. These species were named as <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> group on the basis of morphological similarity. Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) and four chloroplast genes/regions were used for phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> group was polyphyletic: <i>P</i>. <i>delavayi</i> was sister to <i>P</i>. <i>obliquigaleata</i> in clade A; and the remaining species of <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> group were monophyletic in clade B, named as <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> lineage. In the <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> lineage, <i>P</i>. <i>milliana</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i>, and <i>P</i>. <i>tenuituba</i> were well supported as monophyletic, and <i>P</i>. <i>dolichosiphon</i> was sister to <i>P</i>. <i>leptosiphon</i>. Morphologically, <i>P</i>. <i>delavayi</i> differs from species of the <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> lineage in having a long petiole (~ 50 mm) and pedicel (~ 40 mm), a ridged corolla tube, and a folded lower-lip of the corolla. Therefore, both morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence strongly supported to reinstate <i>P</i>. <i>delavayi</i> as an independent species and describe <i>P</i>. <i>milliana</i> as new species. In addition, <i>P</i>. <i>neolatituba</i> was proposed to reduce as a new synonymy of <i>P</i>. <i>delavayi</i>.</p></div

Sequence characteristics of nrITS and four plastid DNA regions.

<p>Sequence characteristics of nrITS and four plastid DNA regions.</p

Phylogeny of the <i>Pedicularis siphonantha</i> group inferred from Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods using the combination of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) and four plastid (<i>matK</i>, <i>rbcL trnH-psbA</i> and <i>trnL-F</i>) datasets.

<p>Topology shows the majority rule consensus of the BI tree. BI posterior probability (PP) ≥ 0.50 and ML bootstrap support (BS) ≥ 50 were annotated on the branch. PP ≥ 0.95 and/or BS ≥ 70 were drawn with thicker and black lines.</p

Field photos of <i>P</i>. <i>delavayi</i> Franch. ex Maxim., <i>P</i>. <i>milliana</i> W. B. Yu, D. Z. Li & H. Wang and <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i> D. Don.

<p>A, <i>P</i>. <i>siphonantha</i>. B, <i>P</i>. <i>milliana</i>. C-I, <i>P</i>. <i>delavayi</i>: C, G-I, from Daxue Mtn.; D from Hong Mtn.; E from Yulong Mtn.; F from Wuxu Lake. A spreading middle lobe of the corolla lower-lip with emargination indicated by an arrow in A and B; a folded middle lobe of the corolla lower-lip with emargination indicated by an arrow in D-G; a ridged corolla tube indicated by an arrow in G and H; an inflated calyx tube in the middle upper parts indicated by an arrow in H; black seeds indicated by an arrow in I. A and B were taken by Z.-K. Wu; E by H.-D. Li; C, D, and F-I by W.-B. Yu.</p