24 in 1 – Der Umzug der Campusbibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin

Mehr als eine Million Bücher aus 24 Einzelbibliotheken wurden in die neue Campusbibliothek der Freien Universität transportiert und einheitlich nach der Regensburger Verbundklassifikation aufgestellt. Beteiligt waren Technische Abteilung, Fachpacker der beauftragten Speditionen, Bibliotheksmitarbeiterinnen und -mitarbeiter sowie studentische Hilfskräfte – insgesamt mehr als 100 Personen.More than a million books from 24 branch libraries were transported to the new “Campusbibliothek der FU Berlin” and arranged according to the Regensburg classification system. This involved the Technical Department, transport and forwarding specialists, library staff and student assistants – a total of more than 100 people

The cultural and ethnic identity of Greeks in the Societies of Mesopotamia and its adjacent regions

Die vorliegende Arbeit setzt sich auf der Grundlage eines Diskurses über ethnische Gruppenbildung und Zugehörigkeit mit der Frage auseinander, inwieweit die erhaltenen textlichen Zeugnisse sowohl der altorientalischen Kulturen des 1. Jahrtausends v.Chr. als auch der Diskurs innerhalb der griechischen und lateinischen Überlieferung eine Bildung einer Personengruppe erkennen lässt, die innerhalb der altorientalischen Kulturen als „Griechen“ zu definieren ist. Hierbei lässt sich für die neuassyrische Zeit bis in die achaimenidische Zeit hinein zeigen, dass diese Gruppen aufgrund der relativ seltenen Präsenz von Griechen in diesen Räumen nur mit großer Unsicherheit genauer gefasst werden können. Die entsprechende Terminologie ist eher unscharf und lässt nur geringe Entwicklungen erkennen. Dem entspricht die Überlieferung in den griechischen und lateinischen Quellen, die für diesen Raum nur sehr geringe Kontakte mit hellenischen Personen erkennen lassen, was mit dem überlieferten Geschichtsbild innerhalb der klassisch-antiken Überlieferung zu den altorientalischen Kulturen übereinstimmt. Innerhalb der hellenistischen Zeit lässt sich dann eine stärkere Auseinandersetzung der mesopotamischen Quellen mit dieser Bevölkerungsgruppe erkennen, wobei diese sich diverser Diskursstrategien bediente, die auf archaisierender Grundlage eine Inkorporation in das traditionelle mesopotamische Weltbild zumindest auf einer terminologischen Ebene bedeutete. Im Gegensatz dazu sind die klassischen Quellen für griechische politische Gemeinschaften innerhalb der orientalischen Kulturen zwar nur sehr wenige vorhanden, diese korrespondieren allerdings mit dem Bild, dass die mesopotamischen Quellen entwerfen. Hierbei lässt sich auf einer relativ eingeschränkten Datenbasis des epigraphischen Materials eine Situation entwerfen, in der griechische Poleis innerhalb der Zentren dieser Gebiete kollektive Identitäten innerhalb dieser Gesellschaften bilden. Diese standen, soweit dies zu rekonstruieren ist, in einer eigenen Kommunikation mit den Herrschern der seleukidischen und auch der arsakidischen Dynastie und stellten so, soweit sich das rekonstruieren lässt, eine Basis für die Macht dieser Herrscher dar. Hierfür spricht neben epigraphischen Zeugnissen die Tatsache, dass diese Gemeinschaften in den alten Zentren der einheimischen Bevölkerung angesiedelt wurden, was ein strategisches Konzept bei der Anlage dieser Siedlungen nahelegtThis dissertation focuses on the question how the identity of “Greeks” was shaped in the societies of the ancient Near East. Based on theories of ethnicity and the formation of ethnic groups, the thesis interprets the Near Eastern as well as Greek and Latin sources in order to investigate whether those textual corpora shed light on these processes. From neo-Assyrian down to Achaemenid times, it can be proven that according to the very few instances of actual Greek presence in those regions, there remains a big uncertainty concerning the formation of a strict terminology for Hellenic groups in those societies. This fits in well with the Greek and Latin source material, which is showing only little awareness of presence of Greek people in Mesopotamia and its adjacent territories. This is further supplemented by the very scarce evidence of historical facts on Mesopotamian history in Greek historical tradition. In the Hellenistic period, the oriental cultures develop a closer examination of Greek groups according to the sources. The sources are oriented on ancient perceptions of the north-western realm of the Mesopotamian geographical knowledge and use archaizing terminology, thus incorporating those new inhabitants of Mesopotamia into the traditional perception of the world. On the contrary, there are only few classical sources for Greek political entities on Mesopotamian territory. This evidence fits in well with the picture gained by examining the oriental sources. Considering the meager data still extant it can be proven that those Greek poleis formed collective identities within the centers of the Mesopotamian civilization. These entities had their own means of communication with the ruling Seleucid and Arsacid dynasties. They formed a base of implementing political control of those rulers over that territory, as far as the situation can be reconstructed. Besides epigraphic material this conclusion is supported by the fact that the communities which are known today are usually settled in the old centers of Mesopotamian civilization. This is hinting on strategic planning of the Greek settlement in these areas, at least in some phases of the Hellenistic period

Borehole Measurements and Basal Velocity of Rhonegletscher: Analysis of Borehole Measurements and Determination of the Basal Sliding Velocity of Rhonegletscher

Basal sliding of glaciers and the ratio between the sliding velocity at the bed-ice interface and the glacial surface motion is of critical importance for ice flow models. Although the surface velocities of glaciers can be measured easily by satellite, GPS or classic geodetic methods, the sliding velocity at the ice- bedrock interface is difficult to determine experimentally. During a field campaign on the tounge of Rhonegletscher in August 2017, we drilled three boreholes from the glacier surface to the bed by using a hot water drill. For one borehole, fine-grained sediments that were swirled up by the turbulent outflow of the hot water drill, settled on the bottom of the borehole and thus made it possible to observe the glacier bed visually with a borehole camera. Pictures of the glacier bed taken with the borehole camera show a hard bedrock partially covered by a thin till layer of a few centemeters thickness. Isolated and repeated measurements within a ten-day period allow estimation of basal sliding velocity and sliding direction of the glacier. Here we present the deduced sliding velocity vector together with data from surface motion measurements at four differential GPS stations in the neighborhood of the borehole. We discuss these results in terms of general glacier dynamics and offer an outlook on future applications of our approach

Distributed acoustic sensing of microseismic sources and wave propagation in glaciated terrain

Records of Alpine microseismicity are a powerful tool to study landscape-shaping processes and warn against hazardous mass movements. Unfortunately, seismic sensor coverage in Alpine regions is typically insufficient. Here we show that distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) bridges critical observational gaps of seismogenic processes in Alpine terrain. Dynamic strain measurements in a 1 km long fiber optic cable on a glacier surface produce high-quality seismograms related to glacier flow and nearby rock falls. The nearly 500 cable channels precisely locate a series of glacier stick-slip events (within 20–40 m) and reveal seismic phases from which thickness and material properties of the glacier and its bed can be derived. As seismic measurements can be acquired with fiber optic cables that are easy to transport, install and couple to the ground, our study demonstrates the potential of DAS technology for seismic monitoring of glacier dynamics and natural hazards.ISSN:2041-172

Empirical investigations of the instrument response for distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) across 17 octaves

With the potential of high temporal and spatial sampling and the capability of utilizing existing fiber‐optic infrastructure, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is in the process of revolutionizing geophysical ground‐motion measurements, especially in remote and urban areas, where conventional seismic networks may be difficult to deploy. Yet, for DAS to become an established method, we must ensure that accurate amplitude and phase information can be obtained. Furthermore, as DAS is spreading into many different application domains, we need to understand the extent to which the instrument response depends on the local environmental properties. Based on recent DAS response research, we present a general workflow to empirically quantify the quality of DAS measurements based on the transfer function between true ground motion and observed DAS waveforms. With a variety of DAS data and reference measurements, we adapt existing instrument‐response workflows typically in the frequency band from 0.01 to 10 Hz to different experiments, with signal frequencies ranging from 1/3000 to 60 Hz. These experiments include earthquake recordings in an underground rock laboratory, hydraulic injection experiments in granite, active seismics in agricultural soil, and icequake recordings in snow on a glacier. The results show that the average standard deviations of both amplitude and phase responses within the analyzed frequency ranges are in the order of 4 dB and 0.167π radians, respectively, among all experiments. Possible explanations for variations in the instrument responses include the violation of the assumption of constant phase velocities within the workflow due to dispersion and incorrect ground‐motion observations from reference measurements. The results encourage further integration of DAS‐based strain measurements into methods that exploit complete waveforms and not merely travel times, such as full‐waveform inversion. Ultimately, our developments are intended to provide a quantitative assessment of site‐ and frequency‐dependent DAS data that may help establish best practices for upcoming DAS surveys.ISSN:0037-1106ISSN:1943-357

The German Version of the Manchester Triage System and its quality criteria--first assessment of validity and reliability.

BACKGROUND: The German Version of the Manchester Triage System (MTS) has found widespread use in EDs across German-speaking Europe. Studies about the quality criteria validity and reliability of the MTS currently only exist for the English-language version. Most importantly, the content of the German version differs from the English version with respect to presentation diagrams and change indicators, which have a significant impact on the category assigned. This investigation offers a preliminary assessment in terms of validity and inter-rater reliability of the German MTS. METHODS: Construct validity of assigned MTS level was assessed based on comparisons to hospitalization (general / intensive care), mortality, ED and hospital length of stay, level of prehospital care and number of invasive diagnostics. A sample of 45,469 patients was used. Inter-rater agreement between an expert and triage nurses (reliability) was calculated separately for a subset group of 167 emergency patients. RESULTS: For general hospital admission the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic was 0.749; for admission to ICU it was 0.871. An examination of MTS-level and number of deceased patients showed that the higher the priority derived from MTS, the higher the number of deaths (p<0.0001 / χ² Test). There was a substantial difference in the 30-day survival among the 5 MTS categories (p<0.0001 / log-rank test).The AUC for the predict 30-day mortality was 0.613. Categories orange and red had the highest numbers of heart catheter and endoscopy. Category red and orange were mostly accompanied by an emergency physician, whereas categories blue and green were walk-in patients. Inter-rater agreement between expert triage nurses was almost perfect (κ = 0.954). CONCLUSION: The German version of the MTS is a reliable and valid instrument for a first assessment of emergency patients in the emergency department

Distributed Acoustic Sensing from mHz to kHz: Empirical Investigations of DAS Instrument Response

With the upside of high spatial and temporal sampling even in remote or urban areas using existing fiber-optic infrastructure, Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is in the process of revolutionising the way we look at seismological data acquisition. However, recent publications show variations of the quality of DAS measurements along a single cable. In addition to site- and orientation effects, data quality is strongly affected by the transfer function between the deforming medium and the fiber, which in turn depends on the fiber-ground coupling and the cable properties. Analyses of the DAS instrument response functions in a limited part of the seismological frequency band are typically based on comparisons with well-coupled conventional seismometers for which the instrument response is sufficiently well known to be removed from the signal. In this study, we extend the common narrow-band analyses to DAS response analyses covering a frequency range of five orders of magnitude ranging from ~4000 s period to frequencies up to ~100 Hz. This is based on a series of experiments in Switzerland, including (1) active controlled-source experiments with co-located seismometers and geophones, (2) low-frequency strain induced by hydraulic injection in a borehole with co-located Fiber-Bragg-Grating (FBG) strain-meters, and (3) local to teleseismic ice- and earthquake recordings with co-located broadband stations. Initial results show a site-unspecific, approximately flat instrument response for all experiments. The initial results suggest that the amplitude and phase information of DAS recordings are sufficient for conventional geophysical methods such as event localisation, full-waveform inversion, ambient noise tomography and even event magnitude estimation. Despite the promising initial results, further engagement by the DAS community is required to evaluate the DAS performance and repeatability among different interrogation units and study sites