Enhancement of the effectiveness of an e-learning system

Ambient technology is one of the most popular research interests in the areas of learning and education. In the near future, this technology may have a significant impact on learning technologies. Currently most of the e-learning systems are designed using conventional web based technologies, which limit the effectiveness of using the systems. Therefore, the viable solutions to improve the system effectiveness have been explored. An e-learning system based on this technology has been proposed to increase the effectiveness of learning. The feasibility of designing such a system and the possible hardware technologies to construct the e-learning system has also been explored. The development of this system involves the assumption of three important visions with the help of which the possible framework and acceptance of the students has been surveyed. These visions are based on the students’ real time application in the university. Once these visions are materialized, they are incorporated in the existing e-learning systems with the hardware support of ambient technologies as a part of system optimization. A survey was conducted based on students’ acceptance of these technologies, depicting a positive response to this development, and results portray that the ideology will eventually increase the effectiveness of the learning process. Technological support for the proposed design is already available at present. However the results from the survey could be taken into account for the further development of the proposed system. Using the user comments and feedbacks, high priority requirements are designed and developed into application for ambient learning.Master of Science (Smart Product Design

An efficient method for cleavage of epoxides with aromatic amines

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Friedel–Crafts Hydroxyalkylation of Indoles with α‑Keto Amides using Reusable K₃PO₄/<i>n</i>Bu₄NBr Catalytic System in Water

A mild and operationally simple Friedel–Crafts hydroxyalkylation of indoles with α-keto amides was developed for the first time by using catalytic amount of K₃PO₄ and <i>n</i>Bu₄NBr in water as solvent through a solid–liquid interface formation. The transition-metal-free protocol does not demand column chromatography purification and results in highly pure indole fused α-hydroxy amides in good to excellent yields. Reusability of the catalytic system up to five cycles and extension to a gram-scale reaction are the key advantages of this transformation. The mechanistic study involving ¹H NMR experiments reveals that the reaction proceeds via ion exchange pathway

Cu(OTf)<SUB>2</SUB> - DBN/DBU complex as an efficient catalyst for allylic oxidation of olefins with tert-butyl perbenzoate

Olefins, on treatment with tert-butyl perbenzoate in the presence of a catalytic amount of a complex of Cu(OTf)<SUB>2</SUB> and chelating ligands such as DBN and DBU gave allylic benzoates under milder conditions. A variety of olefins were tested in the reaction

Friedel–Crafts Hydroxyalkylation of Indoles with α‑Keto Amides using Reusable K₃PO₄/<i>n</i>Bu₄NBr Catalytic System in Water

A mild and operationally simple Friedel–Crafts hydroxyalkylation of indoles with α-keto amides was developed for the first time by using catalytic amount of K₃PO₄ and <i>n</i>Bu₄NBr in water as solvent through a solid–liquid interface formation. The transition-metal-free protocol does not demand column chromatography purification and results in highly pure indole fused α-hydroxy amides in good to excellent yields. Reusability of the catalytic system up to five cycles and extension to a gram-scale reaction are the key advantages of this transformation. The mechanistic study involving ¹H NMR experiments reveals that the reaction proceeds via ion exchange pathway

Efficient Synthesis of Polysubstituted Olefins Using Stable Palladium Nanocatalyst: Applications in Synthesis of Tamoxifen and Isocombretastatin A4

A phosphine-free stable palladium nanocatalyst was used for an efficient synthesis of polysubstituted olefins from <i>N</i>-tosylhydrazones and aryl iodides. This methodology was successfully utilized in the synthesis of biologically important tamoxifen and isocombretastatin A4. The nanocatalyst was easily recovered and reused without any apparent loss in size and catalytic activity