18 research outputs found

    Interference of fetal hemoglobin in the determination of carboxyhemoglobin by spectrophotometry

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    Determination of carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) is routinely performed in suspected cases of carbon monoxide intoxication and unexplained deaths. However, some authors have suggested that measured HbCO may be falsely elevated in infants (0–12 months) due to the presence of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of fetal hemoglobin on the spectrophotometric determination of carboxyhemoglobin. The interference of HbF in the determination of HbCO in infants aged from 0 to 12 months was evaluated using 16 ante-mortem and 19 post-mortem blood samples. The %HbCO was quantified spectrophotometrically by calculating the 560 nm/530 nm absorbance ratio, using a dual beam spectrophotometer. The average measured HbCO in infants of 3 months of age or under was 17%, which is abnormally elevated. No significant difference in HbCO measurement was found between ante-mortem and post-mortem samples. These results highlight the fact that care must be taken in interpretation of carboxyhemoglobin measurements in infants when using a spectrophotometric method

    InterfĂ©rence de l’hĂ©moglobine foetale dans la quantification de la carboxyhĂ©moglobine par spectrophotomĂ©trie

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    La quantification de la carboxyhĂ©moglobine (HbCO) est rĂ©guliĂšrement effectuĂ©e lorsqu’une intoxication au monoxyde de carbone est soupçonnĂ©e, ainsi que dans les cas de morts inexpliquĂ©es. Cependant, certains auteurs ont soulevĂ© la problĂ©matique de la fausse Ă©lĂ©vation de la HbCO mesurĂ©e chez les enfants (0 Ă  12 mois), due Ă  la prĂ©sence d’hĂ©moglobine foetale (HbF). Le but de cette Ă©tude est d’évaluer l’impact de l’hĂ©moglobine foetale sur la quantification de la carboxyhĂ©moglobine par spectrophotomĂ©trie. L’interfĂ©rence de l’HbF dans la quantification de la HbCO chez les enfants ĂągĂ©s de 0 Ă  12 mois a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e en utilisant 16 Ă©chantillons de sang ante-mortem et 19 Ă©chantillons de sang post-mortem. Le pourcentage de HbCO (%HbCO) a Ă©tĂ© quantifiĂ© par spectrophotomĂ©trie en calculant le ratio d’absorbance 560 nm/530 nm, en utilisant un spectrophotomĂštre Ă  double faisceau. La moyenne des mesures de HbCO chez les enfants de 3 mois et moins Ă©tait de 17%, ce qui est anormalement Ă©levĂ©. Aucune diffĂ©rence significative dans la mesure de la HbCO n’a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ©e entre les Ă©chantillons ante-mortem et post-mortem

    Distinct Effects of Two HIV-1 Capsid Assembly Inhibitor Families That Bind the Same Site within the N-Terminal Domain of the Viral CA Protein

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    The emergence of resistance to existing classes of antiretroviral drugs necessitates finding new HIV-1 targets for drug discovery. The viral capsid (CA) protein represents one such potential new target. CA is sufficient to form mature HIV-1 capsids in vitro, and extensive structure-function and mutational analyses of CA have shown that the proper assembly, morphology, and stability of the mature capsid core are essential for the infectivity of HIV-1 virions. Here we describe the development of an in vitro capsid assembly assay based on the association of CA-NC subunits on immobilized oligonucleotides. This assay was used to screen a compound library, yielding several different families of compounds that inhibited capsid assembly. Optimization of two chemical series, termed the benzodiazepines (BD) and the benzimidazoles (BM), resulted in compounds with potent antiviral activity against wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses showed that both series of inhibitors bound to the N-terminal domain of CA. These inhibitors induce the formation of a pocket that overlaps with the binding site for the previously reported CAP inhibitors but is expanded significantly by these new, more potent CA inhibitors. Virus release and electron microscopic (EM) studies showed that the BD compounds prevented virion release, whereas the BM compounds inhibited the formation of the mature capsid. Passage of virus in the presence of the inhibitors selected for resistance mutations that mapped to highly conserved residues surrounding the inhibitor binding pocket, but also to the C-terminal domain of CA. The resistance mutations selected by the two series differed, consistent with differences in their interactions within the pocket, and most also impaired virus replicative capacity. Resistance mutations had two modes of action, either directly impacting inhibitor binding affinity or apparently increasing the overall stability of the viral capsid without affecting inhibitor binding. These studies demonstrate that CA is a viable antiviral target and demonstrate that inhibitors that bind within the same site on CA can have distinct binding modes and mechanisms of action

    Les téléromans au Québec en 1993-1994 et 1994-1995. Contenu, conditions de production et auditoires

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    Goudreau Nathalie. Les téléromans au Québec en 1993-1994 et 1994-1995. Contenu, conditions de production et auditoires. In: Communication. Information Médias Théories, volume 18 n°1, décembre 1997. pp. 125-136

    Le potentiel diagnostique des questions d’un test de concordance de scripts pour Ă©valuer le raisonnement clinique infirmier

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    Contexte : Pour guider les programmes de formation, il est nĂ©cessaire de pouvoir poser une Ă©valuation diagnostique du raisonnement clinique des infirmiĂšres. Or, les outils disponibles Ă  cet effet prĂ©sentent des problĂšmes majeurs. Un outil d’évaluation novateur, le test de concordance de script, constitue une avenue prometteuse. But : Explorer la possibilitĂ© d’utiliser les questions d’un test de concordance de script comme outil d’évaluation diagnostique du raisonnement clinique d’étudiantes infirmiĂšres. DonnĂ©es : Des transcriptions d’entrevues rĂ©alisĂ©es auprĂšs d’infirmiĂšres et d’étudiantes infirmiĂšres (n = 55) ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©cupĂ©rĂ©es d’une Ă©tude antĂ©rieure[1]. Ces entrevues consistaient en la verbalisation Ă  voix haute des pensĂ©es des participantes alors qu’elles rĂ©pondaient Ă  des questions d’un test de concordance de script. Analyse : Les transcriptions ont Ă©tĂ© codĂ©es afin d’identifier les catĂ©gories et les stratĂ©gies de pensĂ©e utilisĂ©es par les participantes pour rĂ©pondre aux questions du test de concordance de script. Puis, des matrices Q ont Ă©tĂ© constituĂ©es afin de formaliser les relations entre les catĂ©gories/stratĂ©gies de pensĂ©e et les questions du test pour chacun des groupes de participantes. RĂ©sultats : Chaque groupe de participantes a utilisĂ© diffĂ©remment les catĂ©gories et stratĂ©gies de pensĂ©e pour rĂ©pondre aux questions du test. Les questions du test pourraient permettre d’évaluer les forces et les faiblesses des Ă©tudiantes en lien avec des processus cognitifs spĂ©cifiques Ă  leur niveau de dĂ©veloppement. Le raisonnement des expertes est trop diffĂ©rent de celui des Ă©tudiantes pour ĂȘtre utilisĂ© comme point de rĂ©fĂ©rence. Conclusions : Les Ă©tudiantes infirmiĂšres utilisent des catĂ©gories et stratĂ©gies de pensĂ©e diffĂ©rentes selon les groupes, et certaines questions d’un TCS prĂ©sentent un potentiel diagnostique pour Ă©valuer le raisonnement clinique infirmier niveau par niveau (1Ăšre, 2e, et 3e annĂ©e)

    Novel Azapeptide Inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus Serine Protease

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