Interface entropy in four dimensions as Calabi's diastasis on the conformal manifold

We conjecture an equality between (1) the entropy associated with a Janus interface in a 4d N=2 superconformal field theory and (2) Calabi's diastasis, a particular combination of analytically continued Kahler potentials, on the conformal manifold (moduli space) of the 4d theory.Comment: 4 pages; v.2: reference and minor clarification added, version in JHE

Geographical Analysis of the Locations of Plant Factories in Japan

The purpose of this study is to conduct a geographical analysis on the location strategy of “plant factories,” which have shown remarkable growth among “firms’ entering into agriculture” in Japan in recent years. The number of companies entering into agriculture has seen a sharp increase in Japan in the last 10 years after the revision of the Agricultural Land Act in 2009. Especially, the number of firms that build large-scale facilities to produce vegetables has increased drastically. Looking at the distribution of plant factories in Japan, it is evident that many plant factories are located in the regions that agriculture was damaged after the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011 (Miyagi, Fukushima, etc.), the regions that local governments make efforts to invite agribusiness (Hokkaido, Oita, etc.), and the regions that are not suitable for vegetable production due to weather conditions (prefectures like Niigata and Okinawa). On the whole, it can be said that the location of plant factories in Japan has noticeably shifted toward rural areas in the last 10 years. Regarding the type of facility, management, and production items of these plant factories, the largest area is occupied by solar plant factories managed by farming corporations, and the highest produced item is tomatoes. In other words, it would be most effective to study the case of a plant factory that uses solar power to produce tomatoes in order to understand the regional effects of plant factories in Japan. Therefore, in this paper, we took up the entry of Kagome Co., Ltd. (hereafter, abbreviated as Kagome) into agriculture as a case study and performed a detailed analysis. Kagome has been opening plant factories all over the country since the 2000s to produce fresh tomatoes. However, it was found that soliciting the efforts of local governments to resolve the issue of depopulation had influenced Kagome’s location strategy of plant factories. Therefore, Mihara village in Kochi prefecture, being one such area, was chosen for conducting a case study. The results of the study indicated the regional impact of Kagome’s entry into Mihara village to be as follows: (1) an increase in agricultural output, (2) the creation of local employment, and (3) the transformation of the rural landscape. On the other hand, the results also indicated that Kagome acts independent of the local JA and farmers, which is a deviation from the framework of local agriculture. Moreover, Kagome uses unskilled or manualized techniques for the harvesting operations in these plant factories, which makes it difficult for its employees to acquire sufficient farming skills. This indicates that while the location of plant factories brings considerable economic benefits to regions, they also face structural problems like difficulty in expanding agribusiness and farming techniques locally.本研究には、2018年度科学研究費補助金（基盤研究（B）、研究課題番号：18H00771、研究代表者：岡橋秀典）の一部を使用した

A STUDY ON POSTURAL RESPONSE TO LATERAL PERTURBATION

The purpose of this study was to investigate how to postural control in reactive recovery response to lateral perturbations. Twenty-one healthy young adluts participated in this experiment. Each participant was tested for twenty-four trials in which four different perturbation magnitudes and two perturbation directions (left and right) were randamly arranged. In the trials, the participants stood in a standard neutral position. In the group with large angular momentum of the whole body in the frontal plane, the peak horizontal ground reaction force towards the fall side and the peak ankle supinator torque of the fall side limb were significantly larger than those in the small angular momentum group (

Analysis of optical OAM mode conversion using elastic vortex wave in graded-index optical fiber

We theoretically analyze acousto-optic (AO) mode conversion between optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes using an elastic vortex wave (EVW) carrying OAM in a squared graded index (GI) fiber. The AO mode conversion from the fundamental mode to the higher order optical OAM mode is a useful technology to generate optical OAM modes in the GI fiber. This paper clarify the contribution of each component of the dielectric constant perturbation caused by the EVW to the AO mode conversion

Thermodynamics of the O₂/O²⁻ redox couple in molten (LiCl+KCl+Li₂O) systems

Activity coefficients of oxide ion were determined by the measurements of the standard formal potential of O₂/O²⁻ with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode in molten (LiCl + KCl): LiCl:KCl = {58.5:41.5 (eutectic), 65:35, 70:30, 75:25} mol% at T = (673 to 803) K. The activity coefficient decreases with the increase of the LiCl content in the melt: (18.7 ± 1.5, 7.7 ± 1.0, 4.1 ± 0.4, and 1.6 ± 0.1), respectively, at T = 773 K in each melt. The result is explained by the attractive force between Li⁺ and O²⁻ which is stronger than that between K⁺ and O²⁻

Oxygen Electrode Reaction in a LiCl–KCl Eutectic Melt

Oxygen electrode reaction was investigated on a boron-doped diamond electrode in a LiCl–KCl eutectic melt. The standard formal potential of O₂/O²⁻ decreases with the elevation of temperature. The potential at 773 K is 2.424 ± 0.003 V vs Li⁺/ Li. The standard formal free energy change increases with the temperature elevation, calculated to be -456.4 ± 0.5 kJ mol⁻¹ at 773 K. The standard formal entropy and enthalpy changes are determined to be -151 ± 3 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ and -573.5 ± 0.1 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively, at 773 K

Dissolution Behavior of Lithium Oxide in Molten LiCl−KCl Systems

The solubility of lithium oxide was measured in molten LiCl−KCl containing (58.5, 75, 90, and 100) mol % LiCl in the temperature range of (673 to 923) K. The melt with a higher content of LiCl has a higher solubility of Li₂O. The pure LiCl has the highest solubility of Li₂O, (12.0 ± 0.2) mol % at 923 K. The estimated standard formal potential of O₂/O²⁻ increases linearly as the temperature decreases and as the mole fraction of LiCl increases

The Electrochemical Behavior of Oxide Ion in a LiCl–NaCl–CaCl₂ Eutectic Melt

The solubility of lithium oxide was determined to be 5.2 mol% in a LiCl–NaCl–CaCl₂ eutectic melt (52.3:13.5:34.2 mol%, melting point 713 K) at 773 K. The electrochemical window of the melt, 3.4 V, was determined by cyclic voltammetry at 773 K. The reaction at the anode limit was confirmed as Cl₂ gas evolution. The reaction at the cathode limit was found to be a liquid Li–Na–Ca alloy formation identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma analyses of the deposits. Oxygen gas evolution occurred without dissolution of anode material according to the reaction, O²⁻ → 1/2O₂ + 2e⁻, when a boron-doped diamond electrode was anodically polarized at more positive potentials than 3.0 V vs Li⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺/Li–Na–Ca in a LiCl–NaCl–CaCl₂ melt containing Li₂O at 773 K

Stability of a boron-doped diamond electrode in molten chloride systems

Stability of a boron-doped diamond as an oxygen evolution electrode material was evaluated at 773 K in molten LiCl–KCl (58.5:41.5 mol%), LiCl–KCl (75:25 mol%), LiCl–CaCl₂ (64:36 mol%), LiCl–NaCl–CaCl₂ (52.3:13.5:34.2 mol%). In molten LiCl–KCl systems, the BDD is stable at 773 K regardless of the concentration of oxide ion and the composition of the melt. In molten LiCl–CaCl₂ and LiCl–NaCl–CaCl₂, the BDD electrode is less stable than in molten LiCl–KCl systems