Las cerámicas aborígenes de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias) a través del yacimiento de La Cerera: materias primas, tecnología y función

[spa] Se analizan los materiales cerámicos prehispánicos del yacimiento de La Cerera en Gran Canaria (siglos VII-XIII D.C.). Se integra la clasificación morfotécnica y funcional, y la caracterización instrumental mediante fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), difracción de rayos X (DRX), petrografía óptica (PO) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) relacionando cada nivel de estudio aplicado. Comoresultado se detectaron diferentes cadenas operativas, conectadas con la función de los vasos y su cronología. Además se observaron importantes cambios diacrónicos en las características del material. Estos parecen coincidir con otros identificados en el registro del propio yacimiento y en otros sitios de la isla. También se discuten los posibles efectos de la intensificación de la producción sobre la homogeneidad de las fábricas cerámicas. [eng] Pre-Hispanic ceramics from the site of La Cerera at Gran Canaria are studied in this paper (7th century cal AD - 13th century cal AD). An integrated approach combining various levels of analysis has been carried out, employing morphological, technical and functional analysis of the pots, as well as instrumental characterization: X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, optical petrography and scanning electron microscopy. As result, different operative chains have been detected, linked to pots function and chronology. Other differences were observed, as important changes in the characteristics of the archaeological materials through time. Those transformations seem to coincide with others changes already observed for different elements of the aboriginal material culture at the site, as well as at other parts of the island. Effects of production intensification over the homogeneity of ceramic fabrics are also discussed

Gamma-ray sources imaging and test-beam results with MACACO III Compton camera

Hadron therapy is a radiotherapy modality which offers a precise energy deposition to the tumors and a dose reduction to healthy tissue as compared to conventional methods. However, methods for real-time monitoring are required to ensure that the radiation dose is deposited on the target. The IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia developed a Compton camera prototype for this purpose, intending to image the Prompt Gammas emitted by the tissue during irradiation. The system detectors are composed of Lanthanum (III) bromide scintillator crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers. After an initial characterization in the laboratory, in order to assess the system capabilities for future experiments in proton therapy centers, different tests were carried out in two facilities: PARTREC (Groningen, The Netherlands) and the CNA cyclotron (Sevilla, Spain). Characterization studies performed at PARTREC indicated that the detectors linearity was improved with respect to the previous version and an energy resolution of 5.2 % FWHM at 511 keV was achieved. Moreover, the imaging capabilities of the system were evaluated with a line source of 68Ge and a point-like source of 241Am-9Be. Images at 4.439 MeV were obtained from irradiation of a graphite target with an 18 MeV proton beam at CNA, to perform a study of the system potential to detect shifts at different intensities. In this sense, the system was able to distinguish 1 mm variations in the target position at different beam current intensities for measurement times of 1800 and 600 s.</p

Gamma-ray sources imaging and test-beam results with MACACO III Compton camera

Hadron therapy is a radiotherapy modality which offers a precise energy deposition to the tumors and a dose reduction to healthy tissue as compared to conventional methods. However, methods for real-time monitoring are required to ensure that the radiation dose is deposited on the target. The IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia developed a Compton camera prototype for this purpose, intending to image the Prompt Gammas emitted by the tissue during irradiation. The system detectors are composed of Lanthanum (III) bromide scintillator crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers. After an initial characterization in the laboratory, in order to assess the system capabilities for future experiments in proton therapy centers, different tests were carried out in two facilities: PARTREC (Groningen, The Netherlands) and the CNA cyclotron (Sevilla, Spain). Characterization studies performed at PARTREC indicated that the detectors linearity was improved with respect to the previous version and an energy resolution of 5.2 % FWHM at 511 keV was achieved. Moreover, the imaging capabilities of the system were evaluated with a line source of 68Ge and a point-like source of 241Am-9Be. Images at 4.439 MeV were obtained from irradiation of a graphite target with an 18 MeV proton beam at CNA, to perform a study of the system potential to detect shifts at different intensities. In this sense, the system was able to distinguish 1 mm variations in the target position at different beam current intensities for measurement times of 1800 and 600 s.</p

Gamma-ray sources imaging and test-beam results with MACACO III Compton camera

Hadron therapy is a radiotherapy modality which offers a precise energy deposition to the tumors and a dose reduction to healthy tissue as compared to conventional methods. However, methods for real-time monitoring are required to ensure that the radiation dose is deposited on the target. The IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia developed a Compton camera prototype for this purpose, intending to image the Prompt Gammas emitted by the tissue during irradiation. The system detectors are composed of Lanthanum (III) bromide scintillator crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers. After an initial characterization in the laboratory, in order to assess the system capabilities for future experiments in proton therapy centers, different tests were carried out in two facilities: PARTREC (Groningen, The Netherlands) and the CNA cyclotron (Sevilla, Spain). Characterization studies performed at PARTREC indicated that the detectors linearity was improved with respect to the previous version and an energy resolution of 5.2 % FWHM at 511 keV was achieved. Moreover, the imaging capabilities of the system were evaluated with a line source of 68Ge and a point-like source of 241Am-9Be. Images at 4.439 MeV were obtained from irradiation of a graphite target with an 18 MeV proton beam at CNA, to perform a study of the system potential to detect shifts at different intensities. In this sense, the system was able to distinguish 1 mm variations in the target position at different beam current intensities for measurement times of 1800 and 600 s.</p

Gamma-ray sources imaging and test-beam results with MACACO III Compton camera

Hadron therapy is a radiotherapy modality which offers a precise energy deposition to the tumors and a dose reduction to healthy tissue as compared to conventional methods. However, methods for real-time monitoring are required to ensure that the radiation dose is deposited on the target. The IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia developed a Compton camera prototype for this purpose, intending to image the Prompt Gammas emitted by the tissue during irradiation. The system detectors are composed of Lanthanum (III) bromide scintillator crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers. After an initial characterization in the laboratory, in order to assess the system capabilities for future experiments in proton therapy centers, different tests were carried out in two facilities: PARTREC (Groningen, The Netherlands) and the CNA cyclotron (Sevilla, Spain). Characterization studies performed at PARTREC indicated that the detectors linearity was improved with respect to the previous version and an energy resolution of 5.2 % FWHM at 511 keV was achieved. Moreover, the imaging capabilities of the system were evaluated with a line source of 68Ge and a point-like source of 241Am-9Be. Images at 4.439 MeV were obtained from irradiation of a graphite target with an 18 MeV proton beam at CNA, to perform a study of the system potential to detect shifts at different intensities. In this sense, the system was able to distinguish 1 mm variations in the target position at different beam current intensities for measurement times of 1800 and 600 s.</p

Gamma-ray sources imaging and test-beam results with MACACO III Compton camera

Hadron therapy is a radiotherapy modality which offers a precise energy deposition to the tumors and a dose reduction to healthy tissue as compared to conventional methods. However, methods for real-time monitoring are required to ensure that the radiation dose is deposited on the target. The IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia developed a Compton camera prototype for this purpose, intending to image the Prompt Gammas emitted by the tissue during irradiation. The system detectors are composed of Lanthanum (III) bromide scintillator crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers. After an initial characterization in the laboratory, in order to assess the system capabilities for future experiments in proton therapy centers, different tests were carried out in two facilities: PARTREC (Groningen, The Netherlands) and the CNA cyclotron (Sevilla, Spain). Characterization studies performed at PARTREC indicated that the detectors linearity was improved with respect to the previous version and an energy resolution of 5.2 % FWHM at 511 keV was achieved. Moreover, the imaging capabilities of the system were evaluated with a line source of 68Ge and a point-like source of 241Am-9Be. Images at 4.439 MeV were obtained from irradiation of a graphite target with an 18 MeV proton beam at CNA, to perform a study of the system potential to detect shifts at different intensities. In this sense, the system was able to distinguish 1 mm variations in the target position at different beam current intensities for measurement times of 1800 and 600 s.</p

Gamma-ray sources imaging and test-beam results with MACACO III Compton camera

Hadron therapy is a radiotherapy modality which offers a precise energy deposition to the tumors and a dose reduction to healthy tissue as compared to conventional methods. However, methods for real-time monitoring are required to ensure that the radiation dose is deposited on the target. The IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia developed a Compton camera prototype for this purpose, intending to image the Prompt Gammas emitted by the tissue during irradiation. The system detectors are composed of Lanthanum (III) bromide scintillator crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers. After an initial characterization in the laboratory, in order to assess the system capabilities for future experiments in proton therapy centers, different tests were carried out in two facilities: PARTREC (Groningen, The Netherlands) and the CNA cyclotron (Sevilla, Spain). Characterization studies performed at PARTREC indicated that the detectors linearity was improved with respect to the previous version and an energy resolution of 5.2 % FWHM at 511 keV was achieved. Moreover, the imaging capabilities of the system were evaluated with a line source of 68Ge and a point-like source of 241Am-9Be. Images at 4.439 MeV were obtained from irradiation of a graphite target with an 18 MeV proton beam at CNA, to perform a study of the system potential to detect shifts at different intensities. In this sense, the system was able to distinguish 1 mm variations in the target position at different beam current intensities for measurement times of 1800 and 600 s.</p

The QUIJOTE experiment: project overview and first results

QUIJOTE (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife) is a new polarimeter aimed to characterize the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background and other Galactic and extragalactic signals at medium and large angular scales in the frequency range 10-40 GHz. The multi-frequency (10-20~GHz) instrument, mounted on the first QUIJOTE telescope, saw first light on November 2012 from the Teide Observatory (2400~m a.s.l). During 2014 the second telescope has been installed at this observatory. A second instrument at 30~GHz will be ready for commissioning at this telescope during summer 2015, and a third additional instrument at 40~GHz is now being developed. These instruments will have nominal sensitivities to detect the B-mode polarization due to the primordial gravitational-wave component if the tensor-to-scalar ratio is larger than r=0.05.Comment: To appear in "Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics VIII", Proceedings of the XI Scientific Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society, Teruel, Spain (2014

Simulación de los efectos que causan la inclusión de pastos mejorados y los cambios en la estrategia de parición anual, sobre la producción de leche en una vaquería comercial.

The work aims to solve the current problem about low milk production and poor efficiency of this process through a group of simulations performed with different% of animals giving birth at the beginning of the dry period and spring with a minimum of expenses and with an improvement of the grazing-forage areas of a commercial dairy farm to define possible bio-economic responses of these combinations and propose the best solution as part of a possible development plan to the management of this entity, this study was carried out carried out in the Asilo production unit belonging to the Florida Livestock Company, located in the municipality of Florida in the province of Camagüey, Cuba where yields and botanical composition of the dairy areas were studied for the whole year, which together with other indicators, it was considered for the execution of an Ex – before analysis, the indicators of milk efficiency obtained They come from the simulation, they approached the potential of this herd in the conditions studied, and demonstrate the possibilities of responses if the partition patterns and the forage base of the farm are improved, the best dairy efficiency results were achieved with 70 and 90% of paritions concentrated at the beginning of the rainy period, with the highest production rates per hectare and by units of work and the best profitability on working capital with values ​​of 63 and 61.3% respectively (249)El trabajo tiene como objetivo dar solución a la problemática actual sobre la baja producción de leche y pobre eficiencia de este proceso a través de un grupo de simulaciones realizadas con diferentes % de animales pariendo a inicios del periodo seco y de la primavera con un mínimo de gastos y con una mejora de las áreas de pastoreo-forraje de una vaquería comercial para definir posibles respuestas bio-económicas de estas combinaciones y proponer la mejor solución como parte de un posible plan de desarrollo a la dirección de esta entidad, este estudio se llevó a cabo en la unidad de producción Asilo perteneciente a la Empresa Pecuaria Florida, ubicada en el municipio de Florida en la provincia de Camagüey, Cuba donde se estudiaron los rendimientos y la composición botánica de las áreas de la vaquería para todo el año, lo cual junto a otros indicadores permitió considerarlo para la ejecución de un análisis Ex–antes, los indicadores de eficiencia láctea que se obtienen de la simulación, se acercaron al potencial de este rebaño en las condiciones estudiadas, y demuestran las posibilidades de respuestas si se mejoran los patrones de parición y la base forrajera de la finca, los mejores resultados de eficiencia láctea se alcanzaron con el 70 y 90% de pariciones concentrada al inicio del periodo lluvioso, con los máximos índices de producción por hectáreas y por unidades de trabajo y la mejor rentabilidad sobre el capital de operaciones con valores de 63 y 61.3% respectivamente (249

Contribución del enfoque de extensión en proyectos de desarrollo, al mejoramiento de la eficiencia productiva de cooperativas ganaderas

The contribution of a development project approach for livestock extension was assessed at a number of cooperatives from the dairy production center “Triñangulo Tres” in Camagüey province. Goods, equipment, accessories, and other resources were bought to this purpose. Producer teams from different cooperatives gathered in working sessions. The strategy to carry out this project, based on technology investments and cattlemen working groups, was discussed. The project centered itself in solving a number of limitations within three aspects: 1 Technology application, 2. /I+D/ activities, and 3. Working groups discussion towards a lower cost for technology disemination. Technology application and extension development were linked to changes in grazing methods with a higher number of cowsheds which allowed the grazing ground restoration, a milk production and birth rate increase, and a investment cost decrease concerning food needs. Another aspect was weed control favoring dairy cattle production and dairy farms environmental conditions. Gross gains per dairy farm increased from 38 465 pesos (national currency) during the first year to 46 915 pesos in the third year. The project approach favorable effect on livestock extension and development was proved on the ground.Se evaluó la contribución del enfoque de proyecto en las actividades de extensión ganadera, en cooperativas de la empresa Triangulo Tres de Camagüey, Cuba. Se compraron insumos, equipos, implementos y otros recursos para las actividades de extensión. Se realizaron sesiones de trabajo con un equipo de productores de varias cooperativas. Se discutió la estrategia para ejecutar el proyecto, basada en la inversión de recursos en tecnologías y en la formación de grupos de discusión entre ganaderos. El proyecto se focalizó en la solución de las limitaciones señaladas en tres vertientes, a saber: 1. La intervención tecnológica; 2. Las acciones de I+D y 3. El trabajo de los grupos de discusión; este último ayudó a la difusión tecnológica con menor costo. Las intervenciones tecnológicas y de extensión estuvieron ligadas, entre otras, a los cambios en los métodos de pastoreo con mayor número de cuartones que permitió mayor reposo del pastizal, produjo incrementos de la producción de leche y la natalidad, además de reducir los costos de las operaciones por la menor necesidad de alimentos. Otro componente fue el control de malezas que favoreció la producción ganadera y la situación ambiental de las vaquerías. Los ingresos brutos por finca se incrementaron, de 38 465 pesos (moneda nacional) en el primer año, a 46 915 pesos en el tercero. Se comprobó en la práctica el favorable efecto del enfoque de proyecto para las acciones de extensión y desarrollo rural