Reseñas iberoamericanas

Iberoamerican ReviewsReseñas iberoamericana

CARB-ES-19 Multicenter Study of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli From All Spanish Provinces Reveals Interregional Spread of High-Risk Clones Such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

ObjectivesCARB-ES-19 is a comprehensive, multicenter, nationwide study integrating whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CP-Kpn) and E. coli (CP-Eco) to determine their incidence, geographical distribution, phylogeny, and resistance mechanisms in Spain.MethodsIn total, 71 hospitals, representing all 50 Spanish provinces, collected the first 10 isolates per hospital (February to May 2019); CPE isolates were first identified according to EUCAST (meropenem MIC > 0.12 mg/L with immunochromatography, colorimetric tests, carbapenem inactivation, or carbapenem hydrolysis with MALDI-TOF). Prevalence and incidence were calculated according to population denominators. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution method (EUCAST). All 403 isolates collected were sequenced for high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing, core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), and resistome analysis.ResultsIn total, 377 (93.5%) CP-Kpn and 26 (6.5%) CP-Eco isolates were collected from 62 (87.3%) hospitals in 46 (92%) provinces. CP-Kpn was more prevalent in the blood (5.8%, 50/853) than in the urine (1.4%, 201/14,464). The cumulative incidence for both CP-Kpn and CP-Eco was 0.05 per 100 admitted patients. The main carbapenemase genes identified in CP-Kpn were blaOXA–48 (263/377), blaKPC–3 (62/377), blaVIM–1 (28/377), and blaNDM–1 (12/377). All isolates were susceptible to at least two antibiotics. Interregional dissemination of eight high-risk CP-Kpn clones was detected, mainly ST307/OXA-48 (16.4%), ST11/OXA-48 (16.4%), and ST512-ST258/KPC (13.8%). ST512/KPC and ST15/OXA-48 were the most frequent bacteremia-causative clones. The average number of acquired resistance genes was higher in CP-Kpn (7.9) than in CP-Eco (5.5).ConclusionThis study serves as a first step toward WGS integration in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Spain. We detected important epidemiological changes, including increased CP-Kpn and CP-Eco prevalence and incidence compared to previous studies, wide interregional dissemination, and increased dissemination of high-risk clones, such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

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Professional Entrepreneurship Space (APES): learn and start. Towards a sustainable pre-incubator in the Faculty of Education-Teacher Training Center, within the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the UCM. Part II

Este proyecto pretende consolidar el APE virtual de la Facultad de Educación, creada a partir del Proyecto Innova Docencia 2020/21, como servicio permanente y sostenible, abierto a estudiantes y alumni e integrado en el ecosistema emprendedor UCM.This project aims to consolidate the virtual APE of the Faculty of Education, created from the Innova Teaching 2020/21 Project, as a permanent and sustainable service, open to students and alumni and integrated into the UCM entrepreneurial ecosystem.Depto. de Estudios EducativosFac. de EducaciónFALSEVicerrectorado de Calidad, UCMsubmitte

Professional Entrepreneurship Space: learn and entrepreneurship. Towards a pre-incubator in the Faculty of Education within the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the UCM

El Aula Profesional de Emprendimiento (APE-Educación UCM) surge para impulsar la competencia emprendedora, imprescindible en el nuevo marco socioeconómico, y potenciar el emprendimiento y el auto-empleo entre el alumnado de la Facultad de Educación-Centro de Formación del Profesorado, con el objeto de crear una pre-incubadora (virtual y física) que pueda integrarse en el ecosistema emprendedor de la UCM.The Professional Entrepreneurship Space (APE-Educación UCM) arise to promote entrepreneurial competence, essential in the new socioeconomic framework, and to promote entrepreneurship and self-employment among the students of the Faculty of Education-Teacher Training Center, in order to create a pre -incubator (virtual and physical) that can be integrated into the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the UCM.Depto. de Estudios EducativosFac. de EducaciónFALSEUniversidad Complutense de Madridsubmitte