Evaluation of the SIOP model and its benefits in teaching process of the science subject

The demands of the modern world have required our country to prepare itself in education. In Panama, some laws have been created aimed at bilingual education. Thus, preparing educators in techniques to teach the English language, Panamá promises to have a bilingual population very soon. For this, the teachers have prepared themselves in the good use of the SIOP® model to satisfy the requirements of the students, who only speak Spanish, and make the learning of the language and contents easy and fun. As a result, children and young people are expected to develop the four linguistic skills, listening, speaking, reading and writing. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the SIOP® model and its benefits in the children of a school in Panamanian context. In this school, teachers have training in the implementation of SIOP® model.The demands of the modern world have required our country to prepare itself in education. In Panama, some laws have been created aimed at bilingual education. Thus, preparing educators in techniques to teach the English language, Panamá promises to have a bilingual population very soon. For this, the teachers have prepared themselves in the good use of the SIOP® model to satisfy the requirements of the students, who only speak Spanish, and make the learning of the language and contents easy and fun. As a result, children and young people are expected to develop the four linguistic skills, listening, speaking, reading and writing. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the SIOP® model and its benefits in the children of a school in Panamanian context. In this school, teachers have training in the implementation of SIOP® model

The origin and evolution of the normal Type Ia SN 2018aoz with infant-phase reddening and excess emission

SN~2018aoz is a Type Ia SN with a $B$-band plateau and excess emission in the infant-phase light curves $\lesssim$ 1 day after first light, evidencing an over-density of surface iron-peak elements as shown in our previous study. Here, we advance the constraints on the nature and origin of SN~2018aoz based on its evolution until the nebular phase. Near-peak spectroscopic features show the SN is intermediate between two subtypes of normal Type Ia: Core-Normal and Broad-Line. The excess emission could have contributions from the radioactive decay of surface iron-peak elements as well as ejecta interaction with either the binary companion or a small torus of circumstellar material. Nebular-phase limits on H$\alpha$ and He~I favour a white dwarf companion, consistent with the small companion size constrained by the low early SN luminosity, while the absence of [O~I] and He~I disfavours a violent merger of the progenitor. Of the two main explosion mechanisms proposed to explain the distribution of surface iron-peak elements in SN~2018aoz, the asymmetric Chandrasekhar-mass explosion is less consistent with the progenitor constraints and the observed blueshifts of nebular-phase [Fe~II] and [Ni~II]. The helium-shell double-detonation explosion is compatible with the observed lack of C spectral features, but current 1-D models are incompatible with the infant-phase excess emission, $B_{\rm max}-V_{\rm max}$ color, and absence of nebular-phase [Ca~II]. Although the explosion processes of SN~2018aoz still need to be more precisely understood, the same processes could produce a significant fraction of Type Ia SNe that appear normal after $\sim$ 1 day.Comment: Submitted for publication in ApJ. 35 pages, 16 figures, 7 table