Que transcende a morte de uma criança com cancro: experiências de profissionais de saúde

Objective: To reveal the perception of grief support of professionals in pediatric oncology units, after the death of the patients. Method: Qualitative phenomenological study. 22 in-depth interviews were conducted with professionals from 5 pediatric oncology units of public hospitals in Santiago. Once the narratives were transcribed, the comprehensive analysis and subsequent triangulation of the data was performed, achieving saturation. Results: Professionals perceive themselves supported in their grief by being able to experience the losses in a protected environment and feeling supported by their surroundings. They recognized the existence of external and internal factors that facilitated the process of grief. However, this support is perceived as insufficient, as there is a lack of formal support from the institution, as well as a protected grief period, or support from mental health professionals to the teams. All death experiences allow professionals to transcend their pain based on lifelong learning and to give meaning to their work. Conclusion: Grief support felt by the professionals is generated from their own initiatives of re-encounter within the teams, which is insufficient. Therefore, training in coping with death is necessary from undergraduate level, which would allow greater cohesiveness in coping and greater self-care within the teams.Objetivo: Develar la percepción del apoyo en duelo de los profesionales de las unidades de oncología pediátrica, tras el fallecimiento de los pacientes. Método: Estudio fenomenológico cualitativo. Se realizaron 22 entrevistas en profundidad a profesionales de 5 unidades de oncología pediátrica de hospitales públicos de Santiago de Chile. Una vez transcritas las narraciones, se realizó el análisis comprensivo y posteriormente la triangulación de los datos, hasta lograr su saturación. Resultados: Los profesionales se perciben apoyados en su duelo al poder experimentar las pérdidas en un ambiente protegido y sentirse apoyados por su entorno. Reconocen la existencia de factores externos e internos que facilitan el proceso de duelo. Sin embargo, este apoyo se percibe como insuficiente, ya que falta un apoyo formal por parte de la institución, así como un periodo de duelo protegido, o el apoyo de los profesionales de la salud mental a los equipos. Todas las experiencias de muerte permiten a los profesionales trascender su dolor a partir del aprendizaje permanente y dar sentido a su trabajo. Conclusión: El apoyo en duelo que sienten los profesionales se genera a partir de sus propias iniciativas de reencuentro dentro de los equipos, lo cual es insuficiente. Por ello, es necesaria la formación en el afrontamiento de la muerte desde el pregrado, lo que permitiría una mayor cohesión en el afrontamiento y un mayor autocuidado dentro de los equipos.Objetivo: Desvelar a percepção do apoio ao luto dos profissionais das unidades de oncologia pediátrica, após o óbito dos pacientes. Método: estudo fenomenológico qualitativo. Foram realizadas vinte e duas entrevistas aprofundadas com profissionais de cinco unidades de oncologia pediátrica de hospitais públicos de Santiago. Uma vez transcritas as narrativas, realizou-se à análise compreensiva e posteriormente à triangulação dos dados, alcançando a saturação destes. Resultados: Os profissionais percebem-se amparados em seu luto, pois podem vivenciar perdas em um ambiente protegido e sentir-se amparados por seu ambiente. Eles reconhecem a existência de fatores externos e internos que facilitam o processo de luto. Contudo, este apoio é percebido como insuficiente, visto que falta um apoio formal da instituição, bem como um período de luto protegido, ou o apoio dos profissionais de saúde mental para as equipes. Todas as experiências de morte permitem aos profissionais transcender sua dor por meio da aprendizagem ao longo da vida e dar sentido ao seu trabalho. Conclusão: O apoio no luto, sentido pelos profissionais, é gerado a partir das suas próprias iniciativas de reencontro com as equipes, o que é insuficiente. Portanto, o treinamento no enfrentamento da morte desde a graduação faz-se necessário, o que possibilitaria maior coesão no enfrentamento e maior autocuidado dentro das equipes

Adsorption of As (V) by poly (N-octyl-4-vinylpyridinium) bromide: Determination of As (V) by direct measurement of fluorescence on the solid phase

Adsorption of As (V) by poly (N-octyl-4-vinylpyridinium) bromide (P4VPyC8), used as solid phase, was studied. Determination of As (V) was carried out by direct measurement of the fluorescence intensity on the solid phase. Adsorption variables were optimized for obtaining optimum values of pH and agitation time, where pH 9.0 and 60 min were established as optimum values. The adsorption of arsenic (V) was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the fluorescence of the solid phase increases as the concentration of arsenic increases. Linearity was observed in the concentration range 6.80 to 90.0 mu g L-1. The detection limit for determination of As (V) by this method was 2.24 mu g L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.72%. The amount of retained As (V) was 0.154 mg/g of solid phase. The determination of As (V) in a sample of tap water by this method was well compared with the value reported by an external certified laboratory. Therefore, the method of analysis proposed here could be used as a screening methodology for monitoring the fulfillment of the norm for arsenic concentration in tap water

Synthesis and characterization of poly (ionic liquid) derivatives of N -alkyl quaternized poly (4-vinylpyridine)

The main motivation of this work is to obtain poly (ionic liquids) (PILs) derived from poly (4-vinyl pyridine) of different hydrophobic character containing BF4-, PF6-, (CF3SO2)(2) N- and CF3SO3- as counterions. PILs were synthesized from N -alkyl quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine) P-4VP(+) -CnBr- with different alkyl chain length, n = 2, 4, 5 and different molecular weights (60.000 and 160.000 g/mol). The systems obtained were compared with the polyelectrolyte of origin, i.e., the N-alkyl quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine). The molecular characterization of PILs was obtained by FT-IR, H-1 NMR and F-19 NMR. Moreover, the thermal analysis of these systems was by carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA) techniques. Thermal degradation profiles obtained from TGA measurements, varied according to the alkyl chain length, which in turn influenced the obtained values of glass transition temperature (T5), due to greater or lesser segmental movement of the alkyl chain. The results obtained for the PILs studied were analysed according to alkyl chain length, molecular weight and counter -anion effects. Additionally, P-4VP(+) -C-4 BF4- was used in a preliminary study of chromium (VI) removal from aqueous solution, showing a 72.2% removal of Cr (VI).FONDECYT Postdoctoral fellowship 3150241 ICM-MINECON Project RC-130006-CILIS Fondo de Innovacion para La Competitividad Del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo Anillo ACT 1412 Projec