2,535 research outputs found
The Wigner solution of quark gap equation at nonzero current quark mass and partial restoration of chiral symmetry at finite chemical potential
According to the generally accepted phase diagram of QCD, at low temperature
and high baryon number density the chiral phase transition of QCD is of first
order and the co-existence of the Nambu-Goldstone phase and the Wigner phase
should appear. This is in conflict with the usual claim that the quark gap
equation has no Wigner solution in the case of nonzero current quark mass. In
this paper we analyze the reason why the Wigner solution does not exist in the
usual treatment and try to propose a new approach to discuss this question. As
a first step, we adopt a modified Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model to study the
Wigner solution at finite current quark mass. We then generalize this approach
to the case of finite chemical potential and discuss partial restoration of
chiral symmetry at finite chemical potential and compare our results with those
in the normal NJL model.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, and 1 table, discussion at finite chemical
potential adde
Polypropylene based anion exchange fiber for enrichment and determination of trace indium by GFAAS
Indium was enriched and separated by a new polypropylene based anion exchange fiber before determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Indium can be enriched quantitatively by 0.1 g of fiber at the flow rate within 6 mL·min-1 in the pH 4 and can be desorbed quantitatively with 10 mL of 1.0 M nitric acid from the fiber column. The fibers were soaked in 2 M sodium hydroxide sodium hydroxide solution for activation and were washed with distilled water at least thirty times until neutral for regeneration, The saturated capacity of the fiber for In(III) was 1.32 mg·g-1. The activation energy (Ea) of the fiber adsorption In(III) was 89.3 kJ·mol-1. The method was used to enrich trace In(III) in artificial samples solution and zinc concentrate solution before determination. The method detection limit was 0.08 ng·mL-1, the recoveries were 96.8-101%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.1-2.1%. KEY WORDS: Anion exchange fiber, Separation, Enrichment, Indium, GFAAS Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2011, 25(2), 295-298
Inversion formula of multifractal energy dissipation in 3D fully developed turbulence
The concept of inverse statistics in turbulence has attracted much attention
in the recent years. It is argued that the scaling exponents of the direct
structure functions and the inverse structure functions satisfy an inversion
formula. This proposition has already been verified by numerical data using the
shell model. However, no direct evidence was reported for experimental three
dimensional turbulence. We propose to test the inversion formula using
experimental data of three dimensional fully developed turbulence by
considering the energy dissipation rates in stead of the usual efforts on the
structure functions. The moments of the exit distances are shown to exhibit
nice multifractality. The inversion formula between the direct and inverse
exponents is then verified.Comment: 3 RevTex pages including 3 eps figure
Theoretical interpretation of the and resonances seen in decay
We study the Belle reaction looking at the
mass distribution of , where clear signals for the and
resonances are seen. These two resonances are generated dynamically
from the interaction in coupled channels of and within the chiral unitary approach. Yet, the weak decay
process at the quark level, together with the hadronization to produce pairs of
mesons, does not produce the final state. In order to produce
this state one must make transitions from the
and components to , and this interaction is what produces
the resonances. So, the reaction offers a good test for the molecular picture
of these resonances. Adding the contribution of the and some
background we are able to get a good reproduction of the mass distribution
showing the signatures of the two resonances as found in the experiment.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; v2: discussion added, references
added, version to appear in Eur.Phys.J.
Molecular cloning and expression of a novel trehalose synthase gene from Enterobacter hormaechei
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Trehalose synthase (TreS) which converts maltose to trehalose is considered to be a potential biocatalyst for trehalose production. This enzymatic process has the advantage of simple reaction and employs an inexpensive substrate. Therefore, new TreS producing bacteria with suitable enzyme properties are expected to be isolated from extreme environment.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Six TreS producing strains were isolated from a specimen obtained from soil of the Tibetan Plateau using degenerate PCR. A novel <it>treS </it>gene from <it>Enterobacter hormaechei </it>was amplified using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR. The gene contained a 1626 bp open reading frame encoding 541 amino acids. The gene was expressed in <it>Escherichia coli</it>, and the recombinant TreS was purified and characterized. The purified TreS had a molecular mass of 65 kDa and an activity of 18.5 U/mg. The optimum temperature and pH for the converting reaction were 37°C and 6, respectively. Hg<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>and SDS inhibited the enzyme activity at different levels whereas Mn<sup>2+ </sup>showed an enhancing effect by 10%.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this study, several TreS producing strains were screened from a source of soil bacteria. The characterization of the recombinant TreS of <it>Enterobacter hormaechei </it>suggested its potential application. Consequently, a strategy for isolation of TreS producing strains and cloning of novel <it>treS </it>genes from natural sources was demonstrated.</p
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