Calder\'on's commutator on Stratified Lie groups

Motivated by the recent work of Gimperlein and Goffeng on Calder\'on's commutator on compact Heisenberg type manifolds and the related weak Schatten class estimates, we establish the characterisation of $L^p$ boundedness for Calderon's commutator on stratified Lie groups. We further study the related weak Schatten class estimates on two step stratified Lie groups, which include the Heisenberg groups

Autotransplantation of Inferior Parathyroid glands during central neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study

AbstractIntroduction: The management of inferior parathyroid glands during central neck dissection (CND) for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains controversial. Most surgeons preserve inferior parathyroid glands in situ. Autotransplantation is not routinely performed unless devascularization or inadvertent parathyroidectomy occurs. This retrospective study aimed to compare the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism and central neck lymph node (CNLN) recurrence in patients with PTC who underwent inferior parathyroid glands autotransplantation vs preservation in situ. Methods: This is a retrospective study which was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital. A total of 477 patients with PTC (pN1) who underwent total thyroidectomy (TT) and bilateral CND with/without lateral neck dissection were included. Patients' demographical characteristics, tumor stage, incidence of hypoparathyroidism, CNLN recurrence and the number of resected CNLN were analyzed. Results: Three hundred and twenty-one patients underwent inferior parathyroid glands autotransplantation (autotransplantation group). Inferior parathyroid glands were preserved in situ among 156 patients (preservation group). Permanent hypoparathyroidism rate was 0.9% (3/321) versus 3.8% (6/156) respectively (p = 0.028). Mean numbers of resected CNLN were 15 ± 3 (6–23) (autotransplantation group) versus 11 ± 3 (7–21) (preservation group) (p < 0.001). CNLN recurrence rate was 0.3% (1/321) versus 3.8% (6/156) respectively (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Inferior parathyroid glands autotransplantation during CND of PTC (pN1) might reduce permanent hypoparathyroidism and CNLN recurrence. Further study enrolling more patients with long-term follow-up is needed to support this conclusion

N-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-4-meth­oxy-3-(propanamido)­benzamide cyclo­hexane hemisolvate

The title compound, C17H17ClN2O3·0.5C6H12, was prepared by the condensation reaction of 4-meth­oxy-3-(propanamido)­benzoic acid with 4-chloro­aniline. The Cl atom, the propionyl CH3 group and the cyclo­hexyl CH2 group are disordered over two sets of sites of equal occupancy in both mol­ecules. The cyclo­hexane solvent mol­ecule is disordered over two orientations which were modelled with relative occupancies of 0.484 (4) and 0.516 (4). In the crystal, there are a number of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming layers perpendicular to (001)

Association of pro-inflammatory cytokines with QCT-measured bone mineral density and its gender difference in a Chinese population — a pilot study

Introduction: The primary objective of this study was to explore the association of pro-inflammatory cytokines with quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-measured bone mineral density (BMD) and its sexual difference in a Chinese population. Material and methods: In a cross-sectional study, a total of 85 participants aged 48–85 years were recruited and classified into three groups: normal bone mass with BMD &gt; 120 mg/cm3, osteopaenia with BMD 80–120 mg/cm3, and osteoporosis with BMD &lt; 80 mg/cm3. ANOVA analysis and multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to estimate the associations of interest. Results: The proportions of osteoporosis, osteopaenia, and normal BMD were 29.41% (25), 37.65% (32), and 32.94% (28), respectively. Males had the highest proportion of osteopaenia while females had osteoporosis (p &lt; 0.01). In contrast with the null findings in males, significant statistical difference was observed in females. Compared to the normal BMD, the OR for increasing IL-6 level of decreasing BMD groups (osteoporosis and/or osteopaenia) was 9.50 (95% CI: 1.44–62.80). TNF-a and IL-17 tended to show an increased risk (OR &gt; 1) but did not reach significance. Current OR result cannot confirm these relationships of IL-1b, and ORs of PAI-1 and MCP-1 are too close to 1 to determine the practical meaning. Conclusions: IL-6 is an obviously independent risk factor of QCT-measured osteoporosis in Chinese females. Sex hormones and fat-related factors are important confounders in the research of osteoimmunology

Prevalence of Postpartum Depression Based on Diagnostic Interviews:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background. Postpartum depression (PPD) is common after childbirth. Previous reviews on the prevalence of PPD have mainly included results that relied on screening instruments or a mixture of such instruments and diagnostic interviews. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of PPD based exclusively on studies using diagnostic interviews, as they provide the most reliable and valid approach for defining “caseness.” Methods. Using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, and CBM up to September 18, 2022, we searched for original articles reporting data that could be used to calculate the prevalence of PPD based on diagnostic interviews. A random-effect meta-analysis model was then used to estimate the pooled prevalence. In addition, we assessed quality, heterogeneity, and publication bias across studies. Also, we did subgroup analyses to explore the pooled prevalence at different time points and settings. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021244539. Results. Of 17,115 articles retrieved, 54 studies were included (total sample size=15,586 women). The pooled prevalence of all depression and major depression within one year postpartum was 12.1% (95% CI 10.3%-14.1%; I2=91.0%) and 7.0% (95% CI 5.7%-8.4%; I2=83.0%), respectively. The peaks of all depression occurred during the first 6 months postpartum, especially 2-3 weeks and 6-8 weeks. Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence of major depression was associated with the income level of countries (higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) than in high-income countries (HICs)) and diagnostic criteria (higher using ICD than using DSM and RDC). No evidence of publication bias was found. Conclusions. Approximately one in eight postpartum women experiences a depressive condition, with one in fifteen suffering major depression. The pooled prevalence based on diagnostic interviews was lower than the existing consensus, which was largely based on self-reported screening instruments. The higher prevalence in LMICs underlines the importance of strengthening research and service provision among these populations

Pharmacological Inhibition of O-GlcNAcase (OGA) Prevents Cognitive Decline and Amyloid Plaque Formation in Bigenic Tau/APP Mutant Mice

Background Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the defining pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Increasing the quantity of the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) post-translational modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins slows neurodegeneration and blocks the formation of NFTs in a tauopathy mouse model. It remains unknown, however, if O-GlcNAc can influence the formation of amyloid plaques in the presence of tau pathology. Results We treated double transgenic TAPP mice, which express both mutant human tau and amyloid precursor protein (APP), with a highly selective orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme responsible for removing O-GlcNAc (OGA) to increase O-GlcNAc in the brain. We find that increased O-GlcNAc levels block cognitive decline in the TAPP mice and this effect parallels decreased β-amyloid peptide levels and decreased levels of amyloid plaques. Conclusions This study indicates that increased O-GlcNAc can influence β-amyloid pathology in the presence of tau pathology. The findings provide good support for OGA as a promising therapeutic target to alter disease progression in Alzheimer disease

Effects of Probiotic Bacillus as an Alternative of Antibiotics on Digestive Enzymes Activity and Intestinal Integrity of Piglets

The previous study in our team found that supplementation of probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Ba) instead of antibiotics promote growth performance of piglets. Hence, the present study was carried out to further demonstrate the effect of Ba replacement of antibiotics on digestive and absorption enzyme activity and intestinal microbiota population of piglets. A total of 90 piglets were selected and divided into three groups: G1 group was fed with basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/Kg aureomycin, G2 group was fed with 1 × 108 cfu/Kg Ba and half dose of aureomycin, G3 group was used the diet with 2 × 108cfu/Kg Ba replaced aureomycin. Each treatment had three replications of 10 pigs per pen. Results indicated that Ba replacement significantly increased the activities of amylase, disaccharides and Na+/K+-ATPase. And chymotrypsin activity in different section of intestine was dramatically enhanced in half replacement of aureomycin with Ba. Moreover, Ba replacement maintained the intestinal integrity with the significantly decreased activity of DAO compared with aureomycin group. Besides, supplementation with Ba increased the β-diversity of intestinal microbiota. Taken together, the current study indicated that diet supplementation with Ba instead of aureomycin increased the growth performance of piglets by improving the digestive and absorb enzyme activities, enhancing the intestinal integrity and regulating the population of intestinal micrbiota