Risco cardiovascular em mulheres climatéricas atendidas em unidades de saúde da família

Climacteric is typified by metabolic and hormonal changes. Decreased sex hormones, which occur in the climacteric phase, may be correlated with increased cardiovascular risk among these women. The aim of this study was to compare the cardiovascular risk of premenopause and postmenopause women assisted in public health units. This is a descriptive and quantitative study involving 50 middle-aged women (26 in premenopause and 24 in postmenopause), attended at public health units in the city of Guanambi-Bahia. To estimate the absolute risk for developing cardiovascular disease in 10 years, the Framinghan score for women was used. Scores > 20% were defined as high cardiovascular risk; intermediate risk between 10 and 20%; and low risk when score was <10%. Postmenopausal patients are at higher risk for cardiovascular events compared to premenopausal patients.O climatério é tipificado por alterações metabólicas e hormonais. A diminuição dos hormônios sexuais, que acontece na fase do climatério, pode estar correlacionada com aumento de risco cardiovascular nessas mulheres. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o risco cardiovascular das mulheres pré e pós-menopausa assistidas em unidades de saúde da família. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem quantitativa, descritivo, englobando o total de 50 mulheres de meia idade (26 pré-menopausa e 24 pós- menopausa), atendidas em unidades de saúde da família (USF) do município de Guanambi-Bahia.Para estimar o risco absoluto para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares em 10 anos, foi utilizado o escore de Framinghan para mulheres. Foram definidos como de alto risco cardiovascular escores >20%; como intermediários entre 10 e 20%; e como baixos quando <10%. As pacientes pós-menopáusicas apresentam maior risco de eventos cardiovasculares, se comparadas às pré-menopáusicas

The positive inotropic effect of the ethyl acetate fraction from Erythrina velutina leaves on the mammalian myocardium : the role of adrenergic receptors.

Objectives We studied the effects of ethyl acetate fraction (EAcF) obtained from Erythrina velutina leaves on mammalian myocardium. Methods The effect of EAcF on the contractility was studied using guinea-pig left atria mounted in a tissue bath (Tyrode’s solution, 29°C, 95% CO2, 5% O2) and electrically stimulated (1 Hz). Concentration-response curves of EAcF were obtained in the presence of propranolol (1 mm), nifedipine (1 mm) and in reserpinized animals (5 mg/kg). The involvement of l-type calcium current (ICa,L) on the EAcF effect was observed in cardiomyocytes of mice assessed using patch-clamp technique. Key findings EAcF (550 mg/ml) had a positive inotropic effect, increasing the atrial force by 164% (EC50 = 157 44 mg/ml, n = 6), but it was less potent than isoproterenol (EC50 = 0.0036 0.0019 mg/ml, n = 8). The response evoked by EAcF was abolished by propranolol or nifedipine. Reserpine did not alter the inotropic response of EAcF. Furthermore, an enhancement of the ICa,L peak (31.2%) with EAcF was observed. Chemical analysis of EAcF revealed the presence of at least 10 different flavonoid glycoside derivatives. Two were identified as vicenin II and isorhoifolin. Conclusions We conclude that EAcF increases the cardiac contractile force by increasing the l-type calcium current and activating the adrenergic receptor pathway