Investigation of Neospora caninum tissue cysts in cattle

YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156WOS: 000394481100008In this study, it was aimed to detect N. caninum seroprevalence in 200 cattle randomly selected and to detect tissue cysts of N. caninum in tissue samples of brain and skeletal muscles of the seropositive cattle. Seropositivity of N. caninum was detected in 5.5% of cattle (11/200). N caninum tissue cysts were not observed in tissue samples of cattle examined with percoll gradient centrifugation. However, N. caninum DNA was amplified in brain tissues of two seropositive bulls (18.1%)

Prevelance of Coenurosis in Clinically Healthy Sheep

YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156WOS: 000303296300037In this study, Coenurus cerebralis was detected in brain tissues of 12 of 100 sheep (12%). C. cerebralis was detected in clinically healthy sheep as 11.1%. Coenurosis was found 24% of females and 8% of males in the present study. Two years old sheep constituted 50% of the infected animals. The cysts located in the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum were 83.3% and 16.7%, respectively. C. cerebralis located in the cerebral hemispheres preferred the right side (frontal and occipital lob) as the rate of 77.8%. The clinical signs of coenurosis were shown in only one of the sheep examined. The cyst occupied in all left hemispheres of the brain in this sheep. Only one coenurus was observed in all sheep examined. The measurement of coenurus was calculated as 4 - 9.5 cm

Teladorsagiosis in the abomasums of sheep

WOS: 000314325000012In the present study, it is aimed to detect the parasitic species responsible to macroscopic parasitic nodules in abomasums of sheep. Tissue samples taken from lesional areas of abomasums were digested with artificial digestive fluid. Then, Teladorsagia spp. larvae were detected in these tissue samples. Adult parasites collected from the lumen of abomasums were detected as Teladorsagia circumcincta (96,4%) and Haemonchus contortus (3,6%). It is thought to be important to the first report of T. circumcincta nodules in abomasums of sheep in Turkey

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of Cat Lungs Naturally Infected with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156WOS: 000288117600025Aelurostrongylus abstrusus lives in terminal respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts of lung in cat. In this study, it was aimed that the lesions in lungs of cats naturally infected with A. abstrusus were observed using scanning electron microscope. White, miliar foci were observed on lung tissue examined macroscopically. Alveolar cavities were disappeared around adult A. abstrusus body in the lung tissues examined with scanning electron microscope. Alveoli were filled with first stage larvae of A. abstrusus. Some cellular reactions were observed near to infected areas of lung tissue. Worm nodule of A. abstrusus was not consisted in lungs of the cats. Some alveolar cavities close to adult A. abstrusus filled with curled first stage larvae. These alveolar cavities were enlarged and alveolar septa were thickened

Genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus obtained from cattle slaughtered in Kirikkale Province

YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156WOS: 000394481100009Strain differences are responsible from some important differences such as host specifity, growth rate, antigenic properties, sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, transmission dynamics and epidemiological variations in Echinococcus granulosus. In this study, it was aimed to detection strain identification of E. granulosus obtained from liver and lungs of cattle slaughtered in Kirikkale region. For this aim, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 12S rRNA genes of E. granulosus isolates amplified by specific primers and then COI gene sequence was made. In the present study, the isolates were identified as G1-G3 complex according to COI sequencing results

A potential infection source for humans: Frozen buffalo meat can harbour tissue cysts of Toxoplasma gondii

Gencay, Yilmaz Emre/0000-0002-2154-9663; YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156WOS: 000311175500014Buffaloes are considered resistant to toxoplasmosis. Tissue cysts of Toxoplasma gondii found rarely in skeletal muscles of buffaloes. However, in the present study, we found tissue cyst of T gondii in frozen boneless buffalo meat illegally imported to Turkey. Spherical tissue cysts of T. gondii. 27-34 to 30-32 (mean 31 x 30) mu m in diameter, were found in 3 out of 20 (15%) spontaneously thawed meat samples analyzed by light microscopy of percoll dilutions. All positive samples were also confirmed by observation of 97 bp gene products of T. gondii repetitive B1 gene by nested PCR. The tissue cysts however, were not found following a preservation of two days at -18 degrees C. Present study shows that frozen buffalo meat can be a potential new infection source for human toxoplasmosis. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep meats purchased from retail stores in Central Anatolia, Turkey

YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156; UTUK, Armagan Erdem/0000-0001-7425-3447WOS: 000356079900012Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important foodborne parasitic diseases of humans. In particular, sheep muscles are significant sources of infection in the transmission of toxoplasmosis. Carnivorism is the most important transmission route for human populations. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts in sheep meats in retail stores of Turkey. A total of 250 boneless sheep meat samples were purchased from randomly selected retail stores in different locations of Ankara and Kirikkale provinces of Turkey. The homogenized meat samples were centrifuged with Percoll dilutions. The tissue cysts were removed by pipette and analyzed under light microscope. Additionally, nested PCR was used to detect T. gondii DNA in the meat samples. Tissue cysts were observed in 21.2% of the meat samples with Percoll gradient centrifugation. The prevalences of the tissue cysts were detected as 20.8% in the meat samples obtained from Ankara and 22.4% from Kirikkale (P > 0.05). T. gondii DNA was detected in 40.8% of the meat samples with nested PCR.Kirikkale University Scientific Research UnitKirikkale University [201132]This work was supported by a grant from the Kirikkale University Scientific Research Unit (Project number: 201132). This research was presented at the 12th International Symposium Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 26-28 September 2013. The authors would like to thank Dr Cahit Babur of the Public Health Institution of Turkey

Extracellular Trap Formation by Donkey Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Against Toxoplasma gondii

Sursal, Neslihan/0000-0002-4144-9520; Ozen, Dogukan/0000-0003-1943-2690; YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156;WOS: 000456711400001Toxoplasma (T.) gondii is an obligatory intracellular apicomplexan parasite. The donkey is one of the intermediate hosts of T. gondii. There are almost no data about T. gondii infection in donkeys, apart from a few seroprevalence reports. The aim of the study was to detect the formation of extracellular traps by donkey polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) when exposed to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Tachyzoites were observed to be entrapped within extracellular traps (NET) structures. Myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase (NE), and histone (H3) were observed in NET structures. NE and reactive oxygen species activity increased with time and was higher in the PMN-tachyzoite cocultures. Some tachyzoites were seen close localization to the nucleus of neutrophils. Degranulation and extracellular traps were observed simultaneously in some donkey neutrophils after incubation for 1 hour. The tachyzoite invasion rate decreased in PMN-tachyzoite cocultures in comparison to the controls. NETs can negatively affect the viability of entrapped tachyzoites in addition to their action of physical entrapment. NE may play a key role in the viability of T. gondii in donkeys. The amount of extracellular DNA increased with incubation time in the PMN-tachyzoite cocultures (P < .001). This is a first report regarding the formation of donkeys NETs after exposure to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Unlike sheep and cattle PMN, degranulation and extracellular traps developed in the same neutrophil. Further studies focusing on signaling pathways may shed light on what determines the behavior of donkey neutrophils after exposure to T. gondii. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Role of NETs in the difference in host susceptibility to Toxoplasma gondii between sheep and cattle

YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156; Sursal, Neslihan/0000-0002-4144-9520; Babur, Cahit/0000-0002-6524-3260WOS: 000406567800001PubMed: 28669381The main aim of this study was to compare extracellular traps (NETs) formation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) of cattle and sheep when exposed to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. The effects of parasite concentrations and different incubation periods on NETs development in cattle and sheep PMNs were studied. The effect of NET structures on host cell invasion by tachyzoites was also studied. This is the first report of NETs development by sheep and cattle PMNs against T. gondii in vitro. T. gondii-induced extracellular DNA production from PMNs was dependent on tachyzoite concentrations and incubation time in both sheep and cattle. Many nuclear and cytoplasmic changes were observed in sheep and cattle PMNs after exposure to T. gondii tachyzoites. The typical appearance of NETs, with MPO, NE and histone (H3) attached to extracellular DNA, was observed. Tachyzoites were entrapped within this structure. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was higher in the cattle PMNtachyzoite co-cultures than sheep. NETs structures released from sheep PMNs caused mechanical immobilisation of T. gondii tachyzoites, however, NET structures released from cattle PMNs may be lethal to tachyzoites. Bovine MPO may have a lethal effect on T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro during a 3 h incubation. Besides other mechanisms that effect on host susceptibility to T. gondii in sheep and cattle, extracellular traps formation as a part of immunological reactions may be play a role in host susceptibility to T. gondii.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK TOVAG)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [214O288]We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Serdar Diker from Department of Microbiology of Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine for his excellent technical support during fluorometric analysis. We are also deeply grateful to Dr. Dogukan Ozen from Biostatistic Department of Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine for his excellent support in statistical analysis. This work was financially supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK TOVAG, project no: 214O288). Portion of data was presented at 5th European Immunology & Innate Immunity, Berlin, Germany, July 21-23, 2016

The relationship between seropositivity and tissue cysts in sheep naturally infected with Toxoplasma gondii

Gencay, Yilmaz Emre/0000-0002-2154-9663; YILDIZ, Kader/0000-0001-5802-6156; Babur, Cahit/0000-0002-6524-3260; ATMACA, HASAN TARIK/0000-0001-8379-4114WOS: 000331515700009Skeletal muscles (tongue, masseter, leg, intercostal, and diaphragmatic muscles) and brain samples of 100 sheep at slaughter were analysed for the presence of T. gondii tissue cysts along with serum IgG titres. Two methods of isolation by percoll gradient centrifugation and tissue microarray (TMA) technique with immunoperoxidase staining were used. Seropositivity was detected in 88% (88/100) of sheep sera analysed by indirect fluorescent antibody test. Tissue cysts were observed in 46 (52.3%, 46/88) and 15 (17%, 15/88) of the seropositive sheep with the isolation technique and TMA and immunoperoxidase staining, respectively. The diameters of the tissue cysts were 25-58 x 25-62 (mean 34 x 36) mu m. The relationship between the presence of tissue cysts and seropositivity in sheep was statistically significant at 1/16 (P < 0.01) and at 1/64 and 1/128 (P < 0.001) serum dilutions.TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TOVAG 110O497]This work was supported by a grant from TUBITAK (project no: TOVAG 110O497)