Can hematologic parameters be an indicator of metabolic disorders accompanying rosacea?

Recently, diverse hematologic parameters have been used as an indicator of the presence or severity of inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to investigate the ratios of neutrophils to lymphocytes (NL), monocytes to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (MHC), and platelets to lymphocytes (PL) in patients with rosacea in comparison with the control group and determine whether there was a correlation between these ratios and metabolic disorders in patients with rosacea. We conducted a case-control study on 61 patients with rosacea and 60 healthy controls between January 2015 and January 2016 at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic, Mugla, Turkey. Demographic data, biochemical parameters, hematologic parameters and ratios, the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), and the presence of insulin resistance (IR) in the participants were recorded. Sixty one patients with rosacea (16 men, 45 women) and 60 controls (13 men, 47 women) were included in the study. The NL ratio, mean levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol, triglyceride, C-reactive protein (CRP), systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and the presence of IR were significantly higher in patients with rosacea than in controls. In the rosacea group, the MHC ratio was significantly higher in patients with rosacea with IR and MS. Moreover, only the MHC ratio was an independent predictor of MS according to univariate logistic regression analysis. The cutoff value of MHC on admission for predicting MS in patients with rosacea was 0.013.The higher levels of NL ratio and IR in the rosacea group corroborate the previous studies demonstrating a high level of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with rosacea. The MHC ratio may be used as a simple and inexpensive method to predict metabolic disorders in patients with rosacea.      </p

Phase equilibria of (water plus levulinic acid plus dibasic esters) ternary systems

Liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data of the solubility (binodal) curves and tie-line end compositions were examined for mixtures of ((water (1)+levulinic acid (2)+dimethyl succinate or dimethyl glutarate or dimethyl adipate (3)) at 298.15 K and 101.3 +/- 0.7 kPa. The reliability of the experimental tie-line data was confirmed by using the Othmer-Tobias correlation. The LLE data of the ternary systems were predicted by UNIFAC method. The LLE data were correlated fairly well with UNIQUAC and NRTL models, indicating the reliability of the UNIQUAC and NRTL equations for these ternary systems. The best results were achieved with the NRTL equation, using non-randomness parameter (alpha = 0.3) for the correlation. Distribution coefficients and separation factors were measured to evaluate the extracting capability of the solvents. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Comparison of lemon oil composition after using different extraction methods

Kibris lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.) peel was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE), cold pressing (CP) and hydrodistillation (HD) methods. SFE, CP and HD methods have been compared and evaluated for their effectiveness in the separation of extract from fresh lemon peels. The chemical compositions of the three different extract samples were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Forty-four components were fully characterized by mass spectra and linear retention indices. The lemon extracts showed a high content of limonene (71.81%, 70.36% and 72.48%) with gamma-terpinene (8.72%, 8.91% and 8.88%), beta-pinene (6.61%, 6.72% and 6.60%), myrcene (1.55%, 1.59% and 1.73%), sabinene (1.21%, 1.48% and 1.09%), alpha-pinene (0.98%, 1.27% and 0.98%) and p-cimene (0.87%, 1.23% and 0.87%) being the major monoterpene hydrocarbons in the SFE, CP and HD methods, respectively. The principal sesquiterpene hydrocarbon was beta-bisabolene (1.42%, 1.41% and 1.22%) in the SFE, CP and HD extracts, respectively. Neryl acetate and geranial were the main oxygenated compounds (1.25%, 1.28% and 1.21%) and (1.13%, 0.97% and 0.99%), in the SFE, CP and HD extracts, respectively. The composition of lemon extract has been split into six classes (monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, carbonyl compounds, alcohols, esters and oxides). It was noted that there were significant differences in the carbonyl compounds, alcohol and ester classes in the SFE, CP and HD extracts

Is There Really Relationship between Androgenetic Alopecia and Metabolic Syndrome?

Background. There are several studies investigating the relationship between androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and metabolic syndrome (MS) with conflicting results. Objective. We sought to investigate whether there is a relationship between AGA and MS. Methods. A case-control study including 74 male patients with AGA and 42 male controls was conducted. Age, duration of AGA, AGA onset age, anthropometric measures, body mass index, lipid parameters, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and presence of MS were recorded. Results. Of the 74 male AGA patients (age range 20–50 years, mean 32.14), 24 were in stage 2, 26 were in stage 3, 17 were in stage 3V, 1 was in stage 5, and 6 were in stage 7. There was no significant difference in the rate of MS between AGA and control groups (P=0.135). Among the evaluated parameters, only systolic blood pressure in AGA group was significantly higher than control group. Conclusion. In contrast to the most of the previous studies, our study does not support the link between AGA and MS. To exclude confounding factors such as advanced age and therefore metabolic disturbances, further studies are needed with large group of AGA patients including different age groups and varying severity

Effect of Diluents on the Extraction of Fumaric Acid by Tridodecyl Amine (TDA)

Separation of fumaric acid from aqueous media with tridodecyl amine (TDA), which is a long chain aliphatic amine, was carried out at 298 K. Different categories of diluents, ketones (methyl iso butyl ketone (MIBK), 2-heptanone, and 2-octanone) and alcohols (isoamyl alcohol, 1-octanol) and 1-decanoL) were used to dissolve TDA. Distribution coefficients (K-D), extraction efficiency (E), and loading factors (Z) were obtained as a function a experimental results. The most operative diluent was determined as heptan-2-one with the highest distribution coefffdent (KD) value of 26.00. In additional to experimental studies, the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) modeling with included Hidebrand Hansen solubility parameters was applied for alcoholic diluents. Predicted data by LSER gave good agreement with experimental data

Reactive Extraction of (E)-Butenedioic Acid (Fumaric Acid) by Nontoxic Diluents

In this work, the equilibrium distribution of (E)-butenedioic acid (fumaric acid) between water and tridodecylamine (TDDA) or tributylamine (TBA) was carried out at 298 K. The organic phase was prepared using both TDDA and TBA in three nontoxic diluents (canola oil, sesame oil, and almond oil). The batch equilibrium experimental data are presented by calculation of the loading factor (Z), extraction efficiency (E), and distribution coefficient (K-D). The highest extraction efficiencies of 92.59 % and 92.50 % with values of KD equal to 12.50 and 12.40 were obtained with 0.789 mol center dot kg1 TDDA in canola oil and 2.080 mol.kg(1) TBA in canola oil. The extraction abilities of TDDA and TBA in different nontoxic natural diluents in terms of K-D and E were found to be in the order of canola oil > almond oil > sesame oil. Partition coefficients (P = 0.3819, 0.4739, and 0.7535) and dimerization constants (D = 83.64, 50.28, and 43.51) were calculated according to physical extraction for sesame oil, almond oil, and canola oil, respectively

Phase equilibria of (water plus butyric acid plus butyl acetate) ternary systems at different temperatures

Phase equilibrium (LLE) data of the solubility (binodal) curves and tie-line end compositions were examined for mixtures of {(water (1) + butyric acid + butyl acetate (2)1 at T=298.2 K, 308.2 K, and 318.2 K and 101.3 +/- 0.7 kPa. The relative mutual solubility of butyric acid is higher in the butyl acetate than water layers at the all temperatures used in this study. The consistency of the experimental tie-lines was determined through the Othmer-Tobias correlation equation. The LLE data were correlated with UNIQUAC and NRTL model, indicating the reliability of the NRTL and UNIQUAC equations for these ternary systems. The best results were achieved with the UNIQUAC equation for the correlations. Distribution coefficients and separation factors were measured to evaluate the extracting capability of the solvent. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Liquid-Liquid Equilibria of the (Water plus Ethanol plus Linalyl Acetate) Ternary System at Different Temperatures

Liquid liquid equilibrium (LLE) data of the solubility curves and tie-line compositions were examined of the (water + ethanol + linalyl acetate) system at T = (298.2, 308.2, and 318.2) K and P = 101.325 kPa. The relative mutual solubility of ethanol is higher in the water phase than in the linalyl acetate phase. The consistency of the experimental tie lines was determined through the Bachman correlation equation. The experimental I,LE data were satisfactorily correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid model (NRTL), and the binary interaction parameters so obtained are reported. The best results were obtained with the NRTL method, using nonrandomness parameter (alpha = 0.3) for the correlation. Distribution coefficients (D) and separation factors (S) were evaluated over the immiscibility region. The influence of temperature on the LLE characteristics was found to be significant at the temperatures studied

Volatiles in Turkish clementine (Citrus clementina Hort.) peel

The peel extract of clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.) grown in Turkey was obtained by cold pressed (CP) and supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) methods. The chemical compositions of the volatile extract samples were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In total, sixty-nine components have been identified corresponding to the (99.8%) of the whole volatiles in both samples. CP extraction led to lower amount of oxygenated compounds (3.7%) than the SFE extraction (4.2%); among these, carbonyls were predominant (2.09-2.10%) followed by alcohols (1.32-1.60%) and esters (0.12-0.40%). The main component is limonene (88.12-89.28%) followed by myrcene (4.64-3.77%). The oxygenated compounds present at higher levels are linalool (1.02-1.24%) and decanal (0.71-0.72%)

Liquid-liquid equilibria of (water plus butyric acid plus diethyl succinate or diethyl glutarate or diethyl adipate) ternary systems

Liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data of the solubility (binodal) curves and tie-line end compositions were examined for mixtures of [(water (1)+ butyric acid (2) + diethyl succinate or diethyl glutarate or diethyl adipate (3)1 at 298.2 K and 101.3 +/- 0.7 kPa. The relative mutual solubility of butyric acid is higher in the diethyl succinate or diethyl glutarate or diethyl adipate layers than water layers. The consistency of the experimental tie-lines was determined through the Othmer-Tobias correlation equation. The LLE data were correlated with NRTL model, indicating the reliability of the NRTL equations for these ternary systems. The best results were achieved with the NRTL equation, using non-randomness parameter (alpha = 0.3) for the correlation. Distribution coefficients and separation factors were measured to evaluate the extracting capability of the solvents. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved