Atmospheric cold plasma technology for meat industry: A bibliometric review

Atmospheric cold plasma is an innovative, non-thermal technology. It has shown promising results for a broad range of food processing applications. On the basis of those facts, it has prompted growing attention in the scientific community. This paper reviews the literature generation trends surrounding the atmospheric cold plasma technology. A bibliometric analysis was carried out to objectively and analytically uncover the knowledge development in the atmospheric cold plasma technology within the context of meat processing. The research began with querying the Dimensions database for scientific articles published over the past two decades. A total of 105 papers were published during this period. The articles were examined according to several bibliometric metrics such as the year of publication, countries, institutions, sources, authors, and keywords frequency. The results of the bibliometric analysis revealed that researchers are very interested in studying the interface of the atmospheric cold plasma technology and meat processing. In the last couple of years, the number of publications on the topic has been growing. This is the first bibliometric investigation of the atmospheric cold plasma technology in the context of meat processing. To the authors’ best knowledge, no similar analysis has been performed before. This paper provides researchers with a better understanding of topic developments. A better understanding can aid future research by closing present knowledge gaps. Hence, the paper provides the continuation of up-to-date technological discussions among researchers

Categories of disability and residual work capacity with part-time work in a region of Croatia

Analizom je obuhvaćena skupina invalida rada na području općine Slavonski Brod u desetogodišnjem razdoblju u kojih je utvrđena preostala radna sposobnost za svoj posao s polovinom punog radnog vremena. Invalidnost s preostalom radnom sposobnošću s polovinom punog radnog vremena utvrđena je u 1029 osiguranika, a invalidska mirovina u 1365 osiguranika. U mnogih invalida s preostalom radnom sposobnošću s polovinom punog radnog vremena, u kojih je invalidnost utvrđena zbog bolesti kardiovaskularnog sustava i duševnih poremećaja skraćeno radno vrijeme bilo je samo privremeno rješenje, jer je već u prvoj godini, prilikom kontrolnog pregleda, u njih utvrđena invalidska mirovina zbog pogoršanja osnovne bolesti. Osiguranici u kojih je vodeća bolest pri utvrđivanju invalidnosti sa skraćenim radnim vremenom bila iz grupe koštano-mišićnog sustava bili su na skraćenom radnom vremenu više godina, a invalidska mirovina je često utvrđena zbog neke druge bolesti. Posebno je detaljno analizirana grupa od 426 invalida s preostalom radnom sposobnošću s polovinom punog radnog vremena, koji su zatečeni u radnom odnosu. U većine tih osiguranika invalidnost je utvrđena zbog bolesti koštano-mišićnog sustava. Funkcionalno oštećenje bilo je u pretežnom broju slučajeva lakog do umjerenog stupnja, a uvjeti radnog mjesta bili su često neadekvatni. Rezultati nisu značajnije odstupali u odnosu na spol osiguranika. Smatra se da je pri ocjeni stupnja invalidnosti trebalo primijeniti kategoriju -preostala radna sposobnost s punim radnim vremenom za drugi odgovarajući posao, s prekvalifikacijom ili bez nje i „izmijenjena radna sposobnost“.A retrospective evaluation of disability was carried out in a group of workers with residual work capacity for part-time work from the region of Slavonski Brod over a ten-year period. The evaluation comprised disability assessment, estimation of the reliability of primary diagnosis with respect to disability assessment, and determination of the period between the assessment of residual work ability for part-time work and retirement due to disability. The disability category -residual work capacity for part-time work· was assigned to 1 029 persons, and was most frequently caused by cardiovascular diseases. Disability pension was based mostly on the diagnoses of mental disorders and cardiovascular diseases and was received by 1 365 persons. With part-time workers who had their residual work ability assessed on the basis of cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders, working part-time was only a temporary, short-term solution, because as soon as within a year, after a regular check-up, they were given disability pension owing to deterioration of primary disease. On the other hand, workers with diseases of the locomotor system as primary diagnosis, who had worked part-time for several years, often had disability pension granted because of some other disease. A detailed analysis among 426 still active workers with residual work capacity showed disability to have been assessed mostly on the ground of diseases of the locomotor system. Functional disorders were usually light to moderate, and working conditions often inappropriate. It is considered that the categories “residual work capacity with full-time work at a more appropriate workplace”, with a change of occupation or without it, and -altered work capacity, would have been better applicable in the majority of cases

Cost-effective Ultrasonic Extraction of Bioactive Polyphenols from Vine and Wine Waste in Serbia

By using cost-effective ultrasonic extraction techniques, bioactive phenolic extracts were obtained from Merlot and Vranac (Vitis vinifera L.) vine and wine waste produced in Serbian wineries. These wastes include vine leaves, grape pomace, seeds, skins and stems, which can find further use in the food and pharmacology industries as preservatives against microbes. The extracts showed strong scavenging free radical activity (EC50 from 0.37 to 2.02 mg/L), which was in very good correlation with the total polyphenol content.  Strong antimicrobial activity was found against six Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacterial strains, and against the yeast Candida albicans. The principal component and agglomerative hierarchical clustering analyses performed were shown to be good for grouping and distinguishing the results from thevine and wine by-products (leaves and seeds) from both investigated grape varieties based on the content of various polyphenolic classes, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The valorisation of the grape by-products is consistent with the concept of a sustainable and environmentally oriented wine industry and provides an important economic advantage

Uticaj vrste klona prokupca i postupka vinifikacije na sadržaj rezveratrola u vinu

The focus of this study was to investigate the effects of clones (subvarieties) of autochthonous Serbian grape variety Prokupac, along with the influence of vinification method on the content of transand cis-resveratrol as well as on total phenolic content (TPC) in wines. Wines were made from four clones of Prokupac variety (PR1, 40/1, PR6 and PR7) by application of different periods of maceration duration (1, 5 and 10 days). The effects of different species of selected wine yeasts and glucosidase enzymes on the quantity of resveratrol and TPC in wine made from PR6 variety were also investigated. The content of trans-resveratrol varied from 0.27 mg/L to 1.46 mg/L. The highest content of resveratrol was determined in Prokupac clone PR6, and the lowest in PR7 clone. An increase in resveratrol and TPC content was observed in all clones when the duration of maceration was prolonged. Wine produced by application of b enzyme preparation and 299 yeast had the highest concentration of total resveratrol (4.23 mg/L). The TPC was the highest in the wine made by combined application of yeast 299 and OE enzyme. The obtained results showed that by adequate selection of varieties, prolonged duration of maceration, application of appropriate species of yeast and enzyme preparations, it is possible to increase the content of resveratrol and other phenolic compounds in wine.Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita uticaj različitih klonova autohtone srpske sorte Prokupac kao i postupak vinifikacije na sadržaj transi cisrezveratrola i sadržaj ukupnih polifenola (SUP) u vinima. Vina su proizvedena od četiri klona sorte Prokupac (PR1, 40/1, PR6 i PR7) primenom različitih dužina trajanja maceracije (1, 5 i 10 dana) za svaki klon. Takođe je ispitivan uticaj različitih izabranih kvasaca i enzimskih preparata glikozidaza na sadržaj rezveratrola i SUP u vinima proizvedenim od klona PR6. Sadržaj transi cisrezveratrola je određen HPLC metodom sa UV detektorom uz prethodnu tečno čvrstu ekstrakciju (SPE). Određivanje SUP je urađeno metodom po FolinČokalteu. Sadržaj transrezveratrola je bio od 0,27 mg/L do 1,46 mg/L. Najviši sadržaj rezveratrola je bio u klonu PR6 dok je najniži PR7. Povećanje sadržaja rezveratrola i SUP je primećeno kod svih klonova kada je maceracija duže trajala. Vino proizvedeno primenom enzimskog preparata glikozidaza b i kvasca 299 je imalo najviši sadržaj ukupnog rezvertrola (4,23 mg/L). Najviši SUP je bio u vinima proizvedenim primenom enzimskog preparata glikozidaza OE i kvasca 299. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da je izborom odgovarajućeg klona, dužine maceracije, primene odgovarajućeg kvasca i enzimskog preparata moguće povećati sadržaj rezveratrola i drugih fenolnih jedinjenja u vinu

Electrochemical oxidation of methanol on Pt/(RuxSn1-x)O2 nanocatalyst

The Ru-doped SnO2 powder, (RuxSn1-x)O2, with the Sn:Ru atomic ratio of 9:1 was synthesized and used as a support for Pt nanoparticles (30 mass% loading). The (RuxSn1-x)O2 support and Pt/(RuxSn1-x)O2 catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (RuxSn1-x)O2 was found to be two-phase material consisting of probably solid solution of RuO2 in SnO2 and pure RuO2. The average Pt particle size determined by TEM was 5.3 nm. Cyclic voltammetry of Pt/(RuxSn1-x)O2 indicated good conductivity of the sup-port and displayed usual features of Pt. The results of the electrochemical oxidation of COads and methanol on Pt/(RuxSn1-x)O2 were compared with those on commercial Pt/C and PtRu/C catalysts. Oxidation of COads on Pt/(RuxSn1-x)O2 starts at less positive potentials than on PtRu/C and Pt/C. Potentiodynamic polarization curves and chronoamperometric curves of methanol oxidation indicated higher initial activity of Pt/(RuxSn1-x)O2 catalyst compared to PtRu/C, but also a greater loss in the current density over time. Potentiodynamic stability test of the catalysts revealed that deactivation of the Pt/(RuxSn1-x)O2 and Pt/C was primarily caused by the poisoning of Pt surface by the methanol oxidation residues, which mostly occurred during the first potential cycle. In the case of PtRu/C the poisoning of the surface was minor and deactivation was caused by the PtRu surface area loss. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. ON-172054

Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships

Women peacebuilders inevitably face risks and insecurity in their daily work. International partners have an important role to play in supporting their safety and protection. Understanding women peacebuilders’ roles and the types of risks they face is the first step in ensuring an adequate response. The diversity of roles that women peacebuilders play, as well as the multiple factors that impact the types of risks they might face, need to be taken into account by international partners from the very beginning of a partnership.Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships addresses how international partners who wish to work with women peacebuilders and support them in addressing the risks and insecurity they face need to recognize the scope and nature of peacebuilding work, which is often cross-cutting, overlapping with humanitarian response and development work. Understanding the nuances and breadth of women peacebuilders’ work is crucial to identifying the risks they face and providing them with effective legal, political and financial protection — and is thereby essential to creating partnerships that mitigate and address these risks. Through case studies, the report identifies challenges and opportunities drawn directly from the lived realities of women peacebuilders and their partners, as well as from experts working in the Women, Peace and Security field.https://digital.sandiego.edu/ipj-research/1071/thumbnail.jp

Executive Summary: Building Holistic Security

Women peacebuilders inevitably face risks and insecurity in their daily work. International partners have an important role to play in supporting their safety and protection. Understanding women peacebuilders’ roles and the types of risks they face is the first step in ensuring an adequate response. The diversity of roles that women peacebuilders play, as well as the multiple factors that impact the types of risks they might face, need to be taken into account by international partners from the very beginning of a partnership.Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships addresses how international partners who wish to work with women peacebuilders and support them in addressing the risks and insecurity they face need to recognize the scope and nature of peacebuilding work, which is often cross-cutting, overlapping with humanitarian response and development work. Understanding the nuances and breadth of women peacebuilders’ work is crucial to identifying the risks they face and providing them with effective legal, political and financial protection — and is thereby essential to creating partnerships that mitigate and address these risks. Through case studies, the report identifies challenges and opportunities drawn directly from the lived realities of women peacebuilders and their partners, as well as from experts working in the Women, Peace and Security field.https://digital.sandiego.edu/ipj-research/1072/thumbnail.jp

Uticaj prisustva volfram-karbida u ugljeničnom nosaču Pt nanočestica na elektrohemijsku redukciju kiseonika u kiselom rastvoru

Tungsten carbide was synthesized by calcination of carbon cryogel with embedded tungsten in a form of metatungstate. This material was used as a support for Pt nanoparticles. XRD pattern of W-C support indicated the presence of WC, W2C, and unreacted W, as well as graphitized carbon. According to previous TEM analysis of W-C support, it contains particles with core-shell structure, where the W particle was covered with the shell of a mixture of WC and W2C. The average Pt grain size calculated from XRD pattern was about 6 nm. A cyclic voltammogram of W-C support was recorded within the potential range relevant for its application as a catalyst support in fuel cells. The pair of anodic/cathodic peaks close to the negative potential limit could be ascribed to the intercalation of hydrogen within hydrous tungsten oxide, which is always present on the surface of WC in aqueous solutions. The cyclic voltammogram of Pt/W-C indicated that tungsten oxide species are present on tungsten carbide shell as well as on the surface of Pt nanoparticles. The Pt surface is only partially covered by hydrous tungsten oxide. Hydrogen intercalation in hydrous tungsten oxide is enhanced in the presence of Pt nanoparticles. Also, the presence of hydrated tungsten oxide leads to the decrease of OH chemisorbed on Pt surface. Stripping of underpotentially deposited copper was used for the assessment of Pt surface area and the specific surface area of Pt was estimated to be 41 m2 g-1. The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction was examined on the synthesized Pt/W-C catalyst and compared with the results on the commercial Pt/C catalyst. It was found that the current densities at Pt/W-C were almost twice as high as those on Pt/C. The Tafel plots for both catalysts are characterized with two Tafel slopes: -0.060 V dec-1 at low current densities, and -0.120 V dec-1 at high current densities. From the rotational dependence of the reaction rate, it was found that oxygen reduction on both Pt/W-C and Pt/C follows the first order kinetics with respect to O2 and that four electrons are transferred per O2 molecule. The results show that the presence of tungsten carbide in support material, i.e. hydrous tungsten oxide on Pt surface, leads to promotion of oxygen reduction on the Pt/W-C catalyst. It was assumed that oxophilic hydrated tungsten oxide hinders OH adsorption on Pt surface, thus increasing Pt surface area available for O2 adsorption and its electrochemical reduction.Sintetizovan je nosač katalizatora u kojem se na ugljeničnoj osnovi nalaze nanočestice metalnog volframa obavijene volfram-karbidom i na njega su nanete nanočestice Pt. Karakterizacija sintetizovanog uzorka cikličnom voltametrijom u kiseloj sredini ukazala je na oksidaciju volframovih vrsta iz nosača i formiranje hidratisanih oksidnih vrsta volframa na površini Pt. Elektrohemijska redukcija O2 u kiseloj sredini je ispitivana na sintetizovanom uzorku i rezultati su upoređeni sa komercijalnim katalizatorom u kojem su nanočestice Pt na nosaču od ugljenika razvijene površine. Pokazano je da redukcija O2, bez obzira na nosač katalizatora, sledi kinetiku prvog reda po O2 uz razmenu četiri elektrona, ali da su gustine struje veće u slučaju nosača sa volfram-karbidom. Povećana aktivnost sintetizovanog katalizatora je posledica prisustva oksofiličnih hidratisanih oksida volframa koji sprečavaju adsorpciju hidratisanog oksida na površini Pt i tako povećavaju površinu Pt dostupnu za adsorpciju i redukciju molekula kiseonika