Hypervascular neurofibromas in a case of neurofibromatosis type 1: a case report

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is one of the most frequently inherited diseases affecting 1:3500 newborn. The diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis type 1 is not dilemmatic because of typical clinical features. The key feature of Neurofibromatosis type 1, neurofibromas, are complex tumours arising from peripheral nerve sheaths. Neurofibromas may be focal growths or can extend along the length of a nerve, involving several fascicles and including nerve branches. Neurofibromas sometimes exhibit hypervascular characteristics. Few reports suggest the bleeding tendency observed in neurofibroma, although not common, occasionally causes a large amount of bleeding during surgical intervention. Hypervascular characteristics of these tumors may be a confusing factor for the diagnostician. This report describes the case of Neurofibromatosis type 1 presented with neurofibroma exhibiting hypervascular characteristics and emphasizes the importance of necessary investigations prior to sur gical procedure

Chronic idiopathic hyperphosphatasia with unusual dental findings: a case report

Chronic idiopathic hyperphosphatasia(CIH) or juvenile Paget disease is believed to be a distinct disease characterized by an increase in the serum alkaline phosphatase, cortical thickening and bowing of the long bones, especially the femora. It is a rare autosomal recessive bone disorder, with excessive bone resorption and bone formation. Skeletal malformations in the legs may cause problems in walking and may eventually result in short stature. The radiographic appearances include widening of the diaphyses, vertebral osteoporosis, acetabular protrusion, and thickening of the skull vault. Intensive bisphosphonate treatment prevented the development of deformity and disability but there is no published data on long-term efficacy. Bisphosphonate therapy showed suppression of bone turnover, doubling of trabecular thickness with no mineralization defect, and no osteopetrosis. We report a female of 21 years, a case of chronic idiopathic hyperphosphatasia congenital form, with a history of fracture, short stature and malformed teeth. She had a waddling gait, bone deformities, kyphoscoliosis and curvature of her limbs

Atypical Presentation of Lateral Periodontal Cyst in an Elderly Female Patient - A Rare Case Report

The lateral periodontal lateral cyst (LPC) is a uncommon developmental odontogenic cyst defined as a radiolucent lesion which develops along the lateral aspect of an erupted vital tooth. LPC represents approximately 0.8% to 2% of all odontogenic cysts .The most frequently reported location of a lateral periodontal cyst is the mandibular canine premolar area, followed by the anterior region of the maxilla. Lateral periodontal cyst is usually asymptomatic and presents as a round, oval or teardrop-like well-circumscribed interradicular radiolucent area, usually with a sclerotic margin lying between the apex and cervical margin of the teeth . The lateral periodontal cyst usually is seen in the fifth to sixth decade of life with a male preponderance. This paper reports an unusual and an atypical case of an inter radicular radiolucent cystic lesion in located between the mandibular central incisor and canine area in an 87 year old female patient mimicking clinically and radiographically as an residual cyst but histopathologically confirmed as an lateral periodontal cyst.DOI: 10.14693/jdi.v23i1.96

A trio of talon's cusp on a fused maxillary central incisor: A unique presentation

Introduction: Odontogenic malformations of teeth can be frequently encountered affecting both the primary and permanent dentition. The co-occurrence of talon cusp in a fused tooth, however, is an uncommon developmental dental aberration that necessitates a variety of prophylactic procedures to minimize potential consequences. Often, the presence of talon's cusp can result in pulpal necrosis due to its deep extension, which increases functional complexity. Methods: The present case describes the fusion of a supplemental tooth to a maxillary permanent tooth in conjunction with multiple talon's cusps on labial and palatal aspects which is an extremely rare entity and first of its kind. Results: Endodontic management followed by esthetic reconstruction of the affected tooth is considered as the standard treatment in cases of pulpal involvement of any odontogenically malformed tooth. Our case also demonstrates the establishment of an accurate diagnosis using a three-dimensional imaging modality by overcoming the challenges of periapical radiographs. Conclusion: In addition to diagnosis, practitioners should also have an in-depth understanding of the origin, prevalence, clinical and radiographic characteristics of odontogenic malformations, which AIDS in an effective treatment strategy

Asymptomatic Presentation of Aggressive Ossifying Fibroma:A Case Report

Ossifying fibromas form a part of the spectrum of fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws. They are rare, benign, nonaggressive tumors that are commonly seen in head and neck region. This paper presents the case of a 40-year-old female patient presented with minimal clinical symptoms, diagnosed to be suffering from aggressive form of ossifying fibroma of maxilla involving the maxillary sinus and ethmoid sinus. This paper emphasizes the importance of computed tomography in diagnosing such unapparent aggressive tumors

Radiologic features of intraosseous hemangioma: A diagnostic challenge

Intraosseous vascular lesions are rare conditions, comprising only 0.5% to 1% of all intraosseous tumors. They present with variable and atypical radiographic appearances. Because of this variation, no pathognomonic sign exists that can be used to make a definite clinical diagnosis of these tumors. But, early diagnosis of central hemangioma is essential for preventing uncontrollable hemorrhage and even death during biopsy or surgery. The purpose of this article is to stress on the importance of radiology in the timely diagnosis of such lesions, which can prevent the disaster not only to the patient but also to oral surgeon in legal and professional aspects

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma - A report of two clinical cases

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma is a relatively rare histological variant of ameloblastoma with specific clinical, radiological, and histological features. Although radiographic examination of ameloblastomas usually reveals unilocular or multilocular radiolucency, desmoplastic ameloblastoma may appear as a mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion resembling benign fibro-osseous lesions. Histologically, desmoplastic ameloblastoma is characterized by small nests and strands of "compressed" odontogenic epithelium supported by pronounced collagenized stroma. This report describes two cases of desmoplastic ameloblastoma in the anterior maxilla of a female patient and the anterior mandible of a male patient, mimicking clinically as an odontogenic cyst

Salivary duct carcinoma of minor salivary gland: A case report with review of literature

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare, highly aggressive neoplasm representing about 1%–3% of all malignant salivary gland tumors. Approximately, 85% of the cases occur in the parotid gland followed by the submandibular gland and minor salivary gland. Pathomorphologically, these tumors showed great similarities to ductal carcinoma of the female breast, which is why they described this tumor as “SDC.” This article highlights a case of rapidly growing swelling in the left mandibular region in a 60-year-old female. As this entity is rare and highly aggressive, an early detection followed by appropriate treatment is very important to improve the survival rate of the patient