Electronic Spectra & Acidity Constants of Schiff Bases Derived from 2-Amino-5-phynel-1,3,4-thiadiazole & Various Aromatic Aldehydes

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Rheological properties and percolation in suspensions of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in polycarbonate

This paper is concerned with several issues related to the rheological behavior of polycarbonate/ multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites. The composites were prepared by diluting a masterbatch of 15 wt.% nanotubes using melt-mixing method, and the dispersion was analyzed by SEM, TEM, and AFM techniques. To understand the percolated structure, the nanocomposites were characterized via a set of rheological, electrical, and thermal conductivity measurements. The rheological measurements revealed that the structure and properties were temperature dependent; the percolation threshold was significantly lower at higher temperature suggesting stronger nanotube interactions. The nanotube networks were also sensitive to the steady shear deformation particularly at high temperature. Following preshearing, the elastic modulus decreased markedly suggesting that the nanotubes became more rigid. These results were analyzed using simple models for suspensions of rod-like particles. Finally, the rheological, electrical, and thermal conductivity percolation thresholds were compared. As expected, the rheological threshold was smaller than the thermal and electrical threshold.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

NMR observations of entangled polymer dynamics : focus on tagged chain rotational dynamics and confirmation from a simulation model

Molecular-level insights into the entangled dynamics of high-molecular-weight chains, in particular of slower chain modes in regimes II–IV of the tube model, are still rare due to the lack of methods resolving the rather long associated time scales. On the theoretical side, new computer simulation methods are just reaching the relevant time scales in sufficiently large systems. Here, we confront results from a recent multiple-quantum proton NMR method with results from a novel lattice model. We address the concern that proton NMR, relying on the dipole–dipole couplings between nearby nuclei, is intrinsically sensitive not only to intrachain rotational motions which reflect the desired details of the tube model or possibly necessary modifications, but also to the translational diffusion of chains past each other via interchain dipole–dipole couplings. In order to critically assess the influence of the latter, we here present results of isotope-dilution experiments, in which the data reflect mainly tagged-chain dynamics. We find overall weak effects of interchain dipole–dipole couplings on the shape of the extracted orientation autocorrelation function and very good agreement of the experimental and the computer simulation data. We conclude that the NMR method as well as the novel lattice model faithfully reflects the universal features of entangled chain dynamics and in particular the deviations from simple tube-model predictions on a microscopic level