vWF and LYVE-1 staining in M-Mø and GM-Mø treated ischemic hind limbs.

<p>Representative photomicrographs (original magnification ×400). vWF positive and LYVE-1 positive cells are stained green and red, respectively (***<i>P</i><0.001, **<i>P</i><0.01, *<i>P</i><0.05).</p

Flow cytometric analysis of F4/80⁺ macrophages from M-CSF- or GM-CSF- cultured BMCs.

<p>Data is representative of three independent experiments.</p

Expression of cytokine mRNA, and IL-10 protein levels in M-CSF- or GM-CSF-cultured BMCs.

<p>(A) The expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-12a, and IL12b) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) mRNA in M-CSF- or GM-CSF-cultured BMCs. (B) IL-10 concentration in the supernatant of M-CSF- or GM-CSF-cultured BMCs. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, ***<i>P</i><0.001, **<i>P</i><0.01, *<i>P</i><0.05.</p

Recovery of blood flow in ischemic limbs treated with M-Mø and GM-Mø.

<p>Representative laser Doppler perfusion images were taken at indicated intervals for the PBS control group, M-Mø group, and GM-Mø group. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 5 group, **<i>P</i><0.01, *<i>P</i><0.05.</p

Recovery of blood flow in ischemic limbs treated with M-CSF-cultured BMCs and GM-CSF-cultured BMCs.

<p>Representative laser Doppler perfusion images taken at indicated intervals for the PBS control group, M-CSF-cultured BMCs group and GM-CSF-cultured BMC group. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 5–7/group, **<i>P</i><0.01, *<i>P</i><0.05.</p

Foxp3 expression in M-Mø or GM-Mø treated ischemic hind limbs and the recovery of blood flow in ischemic limbs treated with IL-10.

<p>(A) Photomicrographs show representative DAB staining for Foxp3 (scale bar = 50 µm). The number of Foxp3 positive cells was counted in five random images for each mouse. The thigh muscle of each group was isolated 7 days after the induction of ischemia. (B) IL-10 levels in thigh muscle after limb ischemia at 7 days after intramuscular injection of indicated cells (data are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 3 group, ***<i>P</i><0.001, **<i>P</i><0.01, *<i>P</i><0.05). (C) Recovery of blood flow in ischemic limbs treated IL-10. Representative laser doppler perfusion images were taken at indicated intervals for the PBS control groups and IL-10 treated groups. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 5–7/group.</p