Effect of Seams on Drape of Fabrics

Drape of the fabric is its ability to hang freely in graceful folds when some area of it is supported over a surface and the rest is unsupported. Drape is a unique property that allows a fabric to be bent in more than in one direction, When two-dimensional fabric are converted to three-dimensional garment form. In the present study, the effects of sewing of different seam were selected on different fabric and their behaviors were studied. In this study drape of ten fabrics are analyzed with three types of seams and three stitch densities. Sample without seam is a control sample and drape of seamed samples are compared with control sample to analyse the drape behavior of seamed fabrics. This paper presents a fundamental drape analysis of seamed fabrics using drape meter. Drape behavior is determined in terms of drape coefficient. The effect of seams on the drape coefficient and Drape profile has been made. Drape coefficients significantly differs between the fabrics and also between the seam stitch density combinations. Investigating drape onseamed fabrics can improve fabric end use application. Key words: drape, computer aided design, seam, stitch density, Design of Experiment

Effect of N-(6-aminobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)benzamide and 2,6-diamino-benzothiazole as Corrosion Inhibitor in acid medium

2-amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole(ANBT) was used as an inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in acid medium since the inhibition efficiency was low for that compound, 2,6-diaminobenzothiazole (DABT) and N-(6-aminobenzo [d] thiazol-2-y1) benzamide(ABTB) was synthesized,  and characterized by FT-IR, H1NMR, and C13NMR.The synthesized compound was tested as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1N HCl solution using weight loss, Potentiodynamic polarization, and AC impedance techniques. The inhibition efficiency was studied at the different time, temperature and acid concentration by weight loss method. The values of activation energy and free energy of adsorption of these compounds were also calculated, which reveals that the inhibitor was adsorbed on the mild steel by physisorption mechanism. Adsorption obeys Langmuir and Temkin adsorption isotherms. The results obtained by weight loss method revealed that the compound performed as a better inhibitor for mild steel in 1N HCl. Potentiodynamic polarization studies showed that the inhibitor acts as a mixed type inhibitor.AC impedance studies revealed that the corrosion process was controlled by charge transfer process. Surface analysis was studied using SEM and FT-IR

Synthesis, Characterization and Inhibitive Effect of 1-[(4-methylPhenyl) Sulfonyl]-4-pyridine-2-ylpiperazine on Corrosion of Mild Steel in HCl Medium

A novel inhibitor, 1-[(4-methylphenyl)Sulfonyl]-4–pyridine-2-ylpiperazine (MSPP)  has been  synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, 1H NMR,13C NMR , LC-MS  and UV-visible  spectroscopy methods.The  inhibitive effect of 1-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]-4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazine(MSPP) on the corrosion of mild steel in 1M HCl was investigated by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The efficiency of the inhibitor increases with the increase in the inhibitor concentration and decrease with a rise in temperature. Potentiodynamic polarization study showed that the inhibitor acts as mixed type. EIS finding showed that the change in the impedance parameters (Rct and Cdl), with the variation in MSPP concentration is due to the adsorption of active molecules leading to the formation of protective layer on the surface of mild steel. The UV-visible absorption spectra indicate the formation of a MSPP-Fe complex. The adsorption data fitted with Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy (Ea), free energy change (ΔGads ), enthalpy change (ΔHads ) and entropy change (ΔSads ) were  also evaluated and discussed in detail. Surface analysis by AFM and SEM confirmed the formation of protective coating on the mild steel surface. Quantum chemical calculation were also performed using density functional theory

In Vitro Corrosion Behaviour of Ti–6Al–4V and 316L Stainless Steel Alloys for Biomedical Implant Applications

Pulsed laser deposition technique is one of the methods to coat the hydroxyapatite on 316L stainless steel and Ti–6Al–4V implants, which is used in orthopaedics and dentistry applications. In this study, hydroxyapatite (HAP) ceramics in the form of calcium phosphate were deposited on Ti–6Al–4V and 316L stainless steel by the pulsed laser deposition method. The coated thin film was characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and atomic microscopy. The corrosion studies were carried out on coated and uncoated samples using potentiodynamic polarisation studies in simulated body fluid (Hanks’ solution). The bioactivity of the Hap-coated samples on Ti–6Al–4V and 316L stainless steel was evaluated by immersing them in simulated body fluid for 9 days. XRD and EDS analyses confirmed the presence of HAP. The corrosion studies showed that the treated samples have better corrosion resistance compared to Ti–6Al–4V and 316L stainless-steel substrates. The formation of apatite on treated samples revealed the bioactivity of the HAP-coated substrates. HAP-coated Ti–6Al–4V provides higher corrosion protection than the HAP-coated 316L stainless-steel substrates

Utility of Real Time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Post Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Septal Rupture.

Ventricular septal rupture after an acute myocardial infarction is a life threatening complication which carries a high mortality. Ventricular septal rupture results from full thickness infarction of the interventricular septum followed by sufficient necrosis to result in the septal rupture. It is one of the three mechanical complications that can occur following myocardial infarction. The others are free wall rupture, which is usually rapidly fatal, and papillary muscle rupture, which results in sudden onset of mitral regurgitation. The respective frequencies of these complications are in approximate proportion to the respective volumes of muscle that are available to be involved, so that free wall rupture is most common, ventricular septal rupture next, and papillary muscle rupture least. The differential diagnosis of postinfarction cardiogenic shock should exclude VSR, free ventricular wall rupture and rupture of the papillary muscles. In a recent report of the SHOCK (SHould we emergently revascularize Occluded Coronaries for shocK) trial registry of 1160 patients with cardiogenic shock 74.5% of patients had predominant left ventricular failure, 8.3% had acute mitral regurgitation, 4.6% had ventricular septal rupture, 3.4% had isolated right ventricular shock, 1.7% had tamponade or cardiac rupture, and 8% had shock that was a result of other causes. Cardiogenic shock is most often associated with anterior myocardial infarction. In the SHOCK trial registry 55% of infarctions were anterior, 46% were inferior, 21% were posterior, and 50% were in multiple locations. Reperfusion therapy has reduced the incidence of septal rupture. The event occurs 2-8 days after an infarction and often precipitates cardiogenic shock. Clinical studies report an average time of 2.6 days from infarction to septal rupture. However, recent data suggest that the initial treatment of MI with thrombolytics may affect both the time between infarction and septal rupture and outcome. The early use of thrombolytic agents may lead to reopening of the occluded vessels, thus reducing the incidence of VSR. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims at utilizing Real time three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (RT3DE) technique for comprehensive assessment of - location, size, shape of post myocardial infarction ventricular septal rupture. - Pathomorphology of post myocardial infarction ventricular septal rupture. - cardiac anatomy and cardiac pathophysiology after acute myocardial infarction. - Clinical characteristics of patients with Acute myocardial infarction complicated by ventricular septal rupture and its correlation with the findings of 3D echocardiography. This study also aims to compare the findings between 2D TTE and Real time threedimensional transthoracic echocardiography (RT3DE). CONCLUSIONS: 1) Ventricular septal rupture complicates 1% of STEMI in our study population.Incidence of VSR was common among female sex, elderly age group,hypertensive and among non smokers. 2) Angina was absent in most cases of VSR in females . 3) All VSR cases were associated with first myocardial infarction. 4) VSR was common in AWMI than in IWMI. 5) Mortality was more in AWMI complicated by Ventricular septal rupture than in IWMI complicated by VSR. 6) VSR was more commonly noted in delayed present cases and in patients not thrombolysed. 7) Cardiogenic shock was noted in most patients with VSR . With the onset of VSR 50 % of patients were presented with cardiogenic shock, where as within 12 to 24 hours of onset of VSR 86% were in cardiogenic shock. 8) Majority of cases presented with sinus Tachycardia and Hypotension. 9) 2D Echo could not visualize the site of defect without colour Doppler in 30 % cases. 10) 2D Echo could not Identify the Exact shape of VSR and complexity of lesion and also the lesion extent. 11) 3D Echo imaging Identified the exact location of the VSR even prior to color Doppler and shape of the lesion as elliptical, oval or irregular was identified from RV and LV aspects. 12)With live 3D Echo VSR was demonstrated in en face from Left ventricular and Right ventricular side. 13) LV volume and EF was more accurate by 3D Echo, surface rendered method where as LVEF by 2D Echo under estimate the LV volume and LVEF. 14) Single vessel lesion with total obstruction was the major CAG findings noted and no collaterals noted during coronary angiogram

Comparative Evaluation of Accuracy of Conventional and Digital Impression Techniques for Implants Placed With and Without Angulation: An In-Vitro study

BACKGROUND: Impression making of multiple angulated implants needs precise technique to obtain perfection. Presently conventional techniques are found to be not fool proof .with the advent of newer digital technologies in impression making probably we have solution. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the accuracy of closed tray, open tray and digital implant impression techniques of two parallel and non-parallel implants in an In-vitro study. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Accuracy of impression techniques were evaluated invitro by means of placing two implants (4.2*10 mm, NORIS Medical Ltd, Israel) parallel to each other on the posterior region of partially edentulous mandibular wax model which was later polymerized to fabricate a PMMA model. On the contralateral side of the same model, mesially tilted implant was placed at an angulation of 17 degree to the other implant. Three Impression techniques such as open tray technique, closed tray technique, and digital impression technique were compared. Inter-implant distance were measured using Coordinate measuring machine. Measurements of various groups were tabulated and statistically analyzed using independent t-test and one way ANOVA. RESULTS: Mean value of the inter-implant distance between parallel and non-parallel implants following three impression techniques were calculated separately. Mean value of inter-implant distance between parallel implants following closed tray (Group A), open tray (Group B), digital impression technique (Group C), were 14.523, 14.421, 14.276 respectively. Mean value of inter-implant distance between non-parallel implants following closed tray (Group D), open tray (Group E), digital impression technique (Group F) were 14.327, 14.415, 14.272 respectively. No significant difference existed between the control and test groups as revealed by independent t test. Statistical analysis of inter-group comparisons using one way ANOVA also showed no significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the study, no significant difference exist between the closed tray, open tray splinted and digital impression techniques of parallel implants depicting that the positional accuracy of the implants, suggesting that these techniques can be employed in tilted implant scenario .But for non parallel implants open tray technique remains the ideal and digital impression technique is yet to match its level of accuracy

NETWORK META-ANALYSIS IN PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH: OPPORTUNITIES AND CAVEATS

Network meta-analysis is a methodology for comparing different treatments or modalities including both direct comparisons and indirect comparisons based on a common comparator. While this provides a wealth of opportunities in psychiatric research, both designing a network meta-analysis and interpreting the same requires meticulous care. This brief reports lists key features of a network meta-analysis and highlights the importance of careful interpretation with a few examples from recent psychiatric research

Haematinic activity of Echuramooli ilai Chooranam (Aristilochia indica linn.) and Spermatogenic activity of Anda Odu Parpam

ECHURAMOOLI ILAI CHOORANAM: “Echuramooli ilai chooranam” were collected from Idappadi, Salem district and powdered then purified and stored. This drug was subjected for various studies by the author. Echuramooli ilai chooranam was selected by the author for this study to establish the Haematinic activity. To collect the information about the drug, various text books, literature were referred. From them, the author came to an idea about the drug and its efficacy on Anaemia. A brief description about botanical aspect of the Echuramooli ilai chooranam and its identifying characters and Phyto chemical data were given. The wide use of Echuramooli according to Gunapadam aspect as well as in various Siddha literatures were discussed with much importance to that of preparation related to Paandu noi. The Phyto chemical analysis of the drug showed that it contains Iron, Calcium, Chloride, Sulphate, Reducing sugar, Zinc and Magnesium. It is related in treatment of Anaemia. The preclinical study showed that the drug has got safety and significant haematinic activity. The patients were responding well from the beginning of the treatment and no adverse effects were reported. The clinical result revealed that 76% of patients were having improvement in the clinical futures and biochemical reports. This present study confirmed that Echuramooli ilai chooranam has the remarkable Haematinic activity and high therapeutically value against the clinical symptom of Anaemia. ANDA ODU PARPAM: The hen egg shells (Ovitesta of Gallus Domesticus) were collected from the hatchery at Namakkal and the lemon were collected from a form house at Idappadi, Salem District and Anda odu parpam is prepared as quoted in the classical Siddha literature. Anda odu parpam was selected by the author for this study to establish the Spermatogenic activity. To collect the information about the drug, various text books, literature were referred. From them, the author came to an idea about the drug and its efficacy on Infertility. A brief description about zoological aspect of the Anda odu parpam and its identifying characters and physio chemical and bio chemical data were given. The wide use of according to Gunapadam aspect as well as in various Siddha literatures were discussed with much importance to that of preparation related to Vindhu kuraivu. The bio chemical analysis of the drug shows that it contains Zn ions indicates that they help in maintaining the sperm count. The other components Mg, K, Ca, Protein, Amino acid, Phosphate, Sulphate, Chloride and Iron ions are also responsible for its spermatogenic property. It is related in treatment of male infertility. The preclinical study showed that the drug has got safety and significant Spermatogenic activity. The patients were responding well from the beginning of the treatment and no adverse effects were reported. The clinical result reveals that 84% of patients were improvement in the clinical futures and biochemical reports. This present study confirms that Anda odu parpam has the remarkable Spermatogenic activity and high therapeutical value against the clinical symptom of Oligospermia