Log-Linear Regressions of Separation, Death, and Social Adversity Events in the Last 12 Months and Depressive Symptoms.

<p>Log-Linear Regressions of Separation, Death, and Social Adversity Events in the Last 12 Months and Depressive Symptoms.</p

List of Life Events used by the Boricua Youth Study Categorized by Type of Life Events.

<p>List of Life Events used by the Boricua Youth Study Categorized by Type of Life Events.</p

Mean Depressive Symptoms (wave 2) by Socio-Demographic Characteristics (wave 1) and Type of Life Event (wave 1) for 10–13 Year Old Youth without Depressive Symptoms at Wave 1 (weighted).

<p>Mean Depressive Symptoms (wave 2) by Socio-Demographic Characteristics (wave 1) and Type of Life Event (wave 1) for 10–13 Year Old Youth without Depressive Symptoms at Wave 1 (weighted).</p

Demographics of participants N = 367.

<p>Demographics of participants N = 367.</p

Correlations between protective factors and WHODAS-Child scores.

<p>Correlations between protective factors and WHODAS-Child scores.</p

Correlations between syndromes and WHODAS-Child scores.

<p>Correlations between syndromes and WHODAS-Child scores.</p

Local Mental Health Syndromes.

<p>Local Mental Health Syndromes.</p

A systematic study of normalization methods for Infinium 450K methylation data using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data

<div><p>DNA methylation plays an important role in disease etiology. The Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 (450K) BeadChip is a widely used platform in large-scale epidemiologic studies. This platform can efficiently and simultaneously measure methylation levels at ∼480,000 CpG sites in the human genome in multiple study samples. Due to the intrinsic chip design of 2 types of chemistry probes, data normalization or preprocessing is a critical step to consider before data analysis. To date, numerous methods and pipelines have been developed for this purpose, and some studies have been conducted to evaluate different methods. However, validation studies have often been limited to a small number of CpG sites to reduce the variability in technical replicates. In this study, we measured methylation on a set of samples using both whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and 450K chips. We used WGBS data as a gold standard of true methylation states in cells to compare the performances of 8 normalization methods for 450K data on a genome-wide scale. Analyses on our dataset indicate that the most effective methods are peak-based correction (PBC) and quantile normalization plus β-mixture quantile normalization (QN.BMIQ). To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically compare existing normalization methods for Illumina 450K data using novel WGBS data. Our results provide a benchmark reference for the analysis of DNA methylation chip data, particularly in white blood cells.</p></div

Variance component analysis of asthma-related phenotypes at age 3 years.

<p>584 subjects with zygosity confirmed by DNA testing were used in these models.</p>#<p>A =  additive genetic variance, C =  shared environmental variance, E =  non-shared environmental variance.<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0068473#pone.0068473-Neale1" target="_blank">[23]</a>.</p><p>*P-value for likelihood ratio χ2 test comparing adjusted model to univariate model.</p><p>∧Early-life environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) defined as intrauterine smoke exposure or cigarette exposure ≥2×/week during the first year of life.</p

Study design of the Puerto Rico Neo-Natal Twin Registry.

<p>Study design of the Puerto Rico Neo-Natal Twin Registry.</p