A thin layer chromatographic comparison of raw and soluble starch hydrolysis patterns of some alpha-amylases from Bacillus sp isolated in Serbia

Several natural isolates of Bacillus strains namely 5B, 12B, 16B, 18 and 24B were grown at two different temperatures in submerged fermentation for the production of raw-starch-digesting alpha-amylases. All strains except Bacillus sp. 18 produced more alpha-amylase at 37 degrees C. The hydrolysis of raw cornstarch followed the same pattern. Efficient hydrolysis was obtained with alpha-amylases from Bacillus sp. 5B, 12B, 16B and 24B grown at 37 degrees C and Bacillus sp. 18 grown at 50 degrees C. Zymography after isoelectric focusing showed that alpha-amylases were produced in multiple forms, from 2 to 6, depending on the strain when they were growing at 37 degrees C, while growth at 50 degrees C induced only 1 or 2 isoforms. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis of the hydrolysis products of raw corn and soluble starch by alpha-amylases revealed the production of various mixtures of oligosaccharides. In most cases, G3 was the most dominant product from soluble starch while G2, G3 and G5 were the main products of raw starch hydrolysis. This indicates that the obtained alpha-amylases could be used for starch liquidification or short-chain-oligosaccharide formation, depending on the type of starch (raw or soluble) used for the hydrolysis

Comparison of the morphological parameters of the face in a population with a full dental arch

Introduction: The analysis of facial parameters in young people with a full dental arch is an assessment of the representation of certain anthropological features in the Serbian geographical area, but also a starting point for their reconstruction after tooth loss in order to achieve the maximum therapeutic and aesthetic effect. Aim: The aim of the work was to measure and compare facial parameters among respondents with a complete dental arch. Material and methods: 91 dental students participated in the research, 32 (35.2%) male and 59 (64.8%) female. The average age of the respondents was 22.16±1.53 years. The length and width of the face were measured, as well as the vertical and horizontal parameters, and the facial index was calculated. Results: Men had a significantly longer (Z=4.567; p<0.001) and wider face (Z=5.962; p<0.001) compared to women. There was no significant difference in the face index between women and men (ch 2 =2.492; p=0.666). There was also no significant difference in the vertical analysis of the face according to gender (ch 2 =0.065; p=0.798). In the majority of subjects, the shorter middle third of the face was measured. In the case of the expected division of the lower third of the face, it exists in a significantly greater extent in males (ch 2 =5.989; p=0.014). In the majority of subjects, the intercanthal width corresponded to the width of the eye, in both sexes, without statistical significance. Further, in a significantly larger number of male and female respondents, it was determined that the bipupillary corresponds to the intercommissural distance. The interalar distance corresponding to the width of the eye was more significantly present in women (ch 2 =5.002; p=0.025). Conclusion: Measurement of facial parameters can significantly improve dental therapy by enabling optimal aesthetic performance

Anthropometric parameters and aesthetics in the making of fixed prosthodontic restaurations: Part 2

Introduction: The role of aesthetic dentistry in the field of fixed dental prosthetics is to redesign the smile, which means not only the treatment on the teeth, but also the treatment of the surrounding soft tissues. Successful therapy can be achieved by establishing the harmony between the static (teeth, gingiva) and dynamic factors (lips, cheeks, mimic muscles) at rest and when performing various functions of the orofacial system. The aim: of the study was to analyze the parameters of the oral soft tissues (gingival health, gingival height, gingival zeniths, lip line and symmetry and balance of the dentition) that affect the aesthetics of fixed prosthodontic restorations. Literature data and clinical experience were used. Conclusion: Adherence to the described parameters is of great importance in the development of aesthetic and functional fixed prosthetic restoration

Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Fatty Acid Composition and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 in Adult Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Pilot Study

Objective: Metabolic changes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) impair vasodilation, and this leads to tissue hypoxia and microvascular pathology. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can significantly improve the outcome of ischemic conditions in IDDM patients and reduce vascular complications. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of HBOT on plasma fatty acid (FA) composition, and expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) in IDDM patients. Methods: Our study included 24 adult IDDM patients diagnosed with peripheral vascular complications. The patients were exposed to 10 sessions of 100% oxygen inhalation at 2.4 atmosphere absolute for 1 hour. Blood samples were collected at admission and after HBOT for measurement of metabolic parameters, FA composition and IGFBP-1. Measurement of plasma FA composition was determined by gas chromatography. Expression of IGFBP-1 in the serum was estimated by Western blot analysis. Results: HBOT decreased blood levels of total cholesterol (p<0.05), triglycerides (p<0.05) and low-density lipoprotein (p<0.05). HBOT increased plasma levels of individual FAs: palmitic acid (p<0.05), palmitoleic acid (p<0.05), docosapentaenoic acid (p<0.05) and docosahexaenoic acid (p<0.01), and decreased levels of stearic acid (p<0.05), alpha linolenic acid (p<0.05) and linoleic acid (p<0.01). Expression of IGFBP-1 (p<0.01) was increased, whereas the level of insulin (p<0.001) was decreased in the serum after HBOT. Conclusions: Our results indicate that HBOT exerts beneficial effects in IDDM patients by improving the lipid profile and altering FA composition. © 2019 Canadian Diabetes Associatio