Poisoning of dogs in the Republic of Macedonia- Pathomorphological changes and the impact on animal welfare

The illegal poisoning of dogs and other domestic and wild animals presents a worldwide problem causing animal suffering and R. Macedonia is not an exeption. The goal of this study is to make a comparison of the results from the histopathological examination conducted among poisoned dogs in the Republic of Macedonia. Morphological and histopathological changes in poisoned dogs were investigated for a period of 10 years. The examination was performed on 31 dogs, 13 of which were home kept, 7 were street dogs and 11 of unknown origin. The most significant necropsy findings concerned the inflammatory and necrotic processes of the gastrointestinal tract. The histopathological changes were mainly located in the kidneys, stomach, intestines and the lungs

Anti-inflammatory properties of L. casei loaded whey protein-alginate microparticles in animal model of colitis

Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic conditions that affect large population and the drugs used for their treatment have great potential for manifesting adverse effects. Regular administration of probiotics incorporated in pharmaceutical and/or functional food products may significantly prolong, delay or diminish occurrence of these diseases or serve as supplements to conventional drugs. The probiotic L. casei has proved its beneficial effects in improving acquired immunity, decreasing colon inflammation, serum cholesterol and increased blood pressure, improving lactose tolerance, controlling irritable bowel syndrome and decreasing risk of colon cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiinflammatory properties of L. casei loaded in whey proteinalginate microparticles after oral administration to rats in which TNBS-colitis was induced. TNBS model appeared to show high correlation between the pathohistological, immunological and clinical features of the inflammation in IBDs. Comparing to the positive control, the total damage score and colon weight/body weight ratio decreased when L. casei was administered, with non-significant difference when free and encapsulated cells were administered (23% and 31% for the total damage score, and 5% and. 8% for the colon weight/body weight ratio, respectively). The activity of MPO was also decreased with the probiotic administration and the lowest value was observed when microparticulated probiotic was administered. Macroscopic and histological evaluation confirmed the higher potential of the microencapsulated probiotic to decrease the parameters of inflammation (Figure 1). Visible segments of ulcerations were not observed in the fourth group, while at the histological sections subepithelial polymorph nuclear infiltration was observed with preserved epithelium. Also, in this group, dilated blood vessels in submucosal layer and dilated intestinal glands were observed. In conclusion, the microparticluated L. casei showed high potential to be used as adjuvant therapy in IBD when incorporated in pharmaceutical dosage form or functional food produc

Immunohistochemical investigation of FIPV3-70 antigen expression in the ileum of cats with effusive feline infective peritonitis

One of the most common infectious causes of cat mortality is feline infective peritonitis (FIP), along with panleukopenia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. FIP is more likely to affect cats whose immune system is weak or suppressed. It is thought that the infection of macrophages and monocytes plays a major role in the pathogenic process. In order to set a definitive diagnosis for this infectious disease, a histopathological examination of tissues, and feline coronavirus (FCoV) detection by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is necessary. In this investigation, 15 cats between the ages of 5 and 24 months with clinical suspicion of FIP, underwent post-mortem necropsy, pathohistological and immunohistochemical examination. The results showed that all the cats had abdominal effusion with pyogranulomas throughout the abdominal serosa. Ten out of fifteen cats were FIP positive using immunohistochemical methods. This method also showed the antigen deposition in the macrophages thus confirming their role in the pathogenesis of FIP

Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen receptors in canine mammary tumors

Mammary tumors are among the most common neoplasms in intact female dogs.They have a complex morphology, usually affecting middle age and older bitches. Almost 50% of the mammary tumors in dogs are malignant neoplasms. Prognosis is based on several factors: stage, age, tumor size, metastasis, histopathology, ovariectomy status and hormone-receptor activity. Immunohistochemical (IHC) measurement has become increasingly an important diagnostic and prognostic parameter, with the development of monoclonal antibodies against nuclear estrogen and progestin receptors. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of ER receptors in malignant canine mammary tumors and to identify their association with the clinical course of the tumor. Mammary tumor samples have been obtained by mastectomy from dogs presented at our clinic. Detailed clinical examination, CBC and basic serum biochemical profile were performed in all patients. Surgery was the only treatment. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical detection of estrogen α receptors (ERα) was performed on 8 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples, using the PT LINK immunoperoxidase technique. Histopathological examination of the mammary tumor samples (n=11) revealed tubular adenocarcinoma (n=6,54.5%) and ductal adenocarcinoma (n=3, 27.3%), one patient with benign adenoma and one with mastitis. Patients with positive ER tumors are alive, without remission, while 3 of the patients that were ER negative died due to lung metastases. According to our results, it can be concluded that the appearance and development of canine mammary tumors is highly connected with ovarian steroid hormones and that immunostaining of the tumors may be used as a good prognostic parameter in these patients

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF ESTROGEN RECEPTORS IN CANINE MAMMARY TUMORS

ABSTRACT Short Communication Mammary tumors are among the most common neoplasms in intact female dogs.They have a complex morphology, usually affecting middle age and older bitches. Almost 50% of the mammary tumors in dogs are malignant neoplasms. Prognosis is based on several factors: stage, age, tumor size, metastasis, histopathology, ovariectomy status and hormone-receptor activity. Immunohistochemical (IHC) measurement has become increasingly an important diagnostic and prognostic parameter, with the development of monoclonal antibodies against nuclear estrogen and progestin receptors. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of ER receptors in malignant canine mammary tumors and to identify their association with the clinical course of the tumor. Mammary tumor samples have been obtained by mastectomy from dogs presented at our clinic. Detailed clinical examination, CBC and basic serum biochemical profile were performed in all patients. Surgery was the only treatment. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical detection of estrogen α receptors (ERα) was performed on 8 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples, using the PT LINK immunoperoxidase technique. Histopathological examination of the mammary tumor samples (n=11) revealed tubular adenocarcinoma (n=6,54.5%) and ductal adenocarcinoma (n=3, 27.3%), one patient with benign adenoma and one with mastitis. Patients with positive ER tumors are alive, without remission, while 3 of the patients that were ER negative died due to lung metastases. According to our results, it can be concluded that the appearance and development of canine mammary tumors is highly connected with ovarian steroid hormones and that immunostaining of the tumors may be used as a good prognostic parameter in these patients